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See Release Notes

  • Bug fixes for general core bugs in 3.10.x will end 8 November 2021 (12 months).
  • Bug fixes for security issues in 3.10.x will end 9 May 2022 (18 months).
  • PHP version: minimum PHP 7.2.0 Note: minimum PHP version has increased since Moodle 3.8. PHP 7.3.x and 7.4.x are supported too.
/course/ -> lib.php (source)

Differences Between: [Versions 310 and 311] [Versions 310 and 400] [Versions 310 and 401] [Versions 310 and 402] [Versions 310 and 403] [Versions 39 and 310]

   1  <?php
   2  // This file is part of Moodle - http://moodle.org/
   3  //
   4  // Moodle is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   5  // it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   6  // the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
   7  // (at your option) any later version.
   8  //
   9  // Moodle is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  10  // but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  11  // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  12  // GNU General Public License for more details.
  13  //
  14  // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  15  // along with Moodle.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  16  
  17  /**
  18   * Library of useful functions
  19   *
  20   * @copyright 1999 Martin Dougiamas  http://dougiamas.com
  21   * @license http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
  22   * @package core_course
  23   */
  24  
  25  defined('MOODLE_INTERNAL') || die;
  26  
  27  require_once($CFG->libdir.'/completionlib.php');
  28  require_once($CFG->libdir.'/filelib.php');
  29  require_once($CFG->libdir.'/datalib.php');
  30  require_once($CFG->dirroot.'/course/format/lib.php');
  31  
  32  define('COURSE_MAX_LOGS_PER_PAGE', 1000);       // Records.
  33  define('COURSE_MAX_RECENT_PERIOD', 172800);     // Two days, in seconds.
  34  
  35  /**
  36   * Number of courses to display when summaries are included.
  37   * @var int
  38   * @deprecated since 2.4, use $CFG->courseswithsummarieslimit instead.
  39   */
  40  define('COURSE_MAX_SUMMARIES_PER_PAGE', 10);
  41  
  42  // Max courses in log dropdown before switching to optional.
  43  define('COURSE_MAX_COURSES_PER_DROPDOWN', 1000);
  44  // Max users in log dropdown before switching to optional.
  45  define('COURSE_MAX_USERS_PER_DROPDOWN', 1000);
  46  define('FRONTPAGENEWS', '0');
  47  define('FRONTPAGECATEGORYNAMES', '2');
  48  define('FRONTPAGECATEGORYCOMBO', '4');
  49  define('FRONTPAGEENROLLEDCOURSELIST', '5');
  50  define('FRONTPAGEALLCOURSELIST', '6');
  51  define('FRONTPAGECOURSESEARCH', '7');
  52  // Important! Replaced with $CFG->frontpagecourselimit - maximum number of courses displayed on the frontpage.
  53  define('EXCELROWS', 65535);
  54  define('FIRSTUSEDEXCELROW', 3);
  55  
  56  define('MOD_CLASS_ACTIVITY', 0);
  57  define('MOD_CLASS_RESOURCE', 1);
  58  
  59  define('COURSE_TIMELINE_ALLINCLUDINGHIDDEN', 'allincludinghidden');
  60  define('COURSE_TIMELINE_ALL', 'all');
  61  define('COURSE_TIMELINE_PAST', 'past');
  62  define('COURSE_TIMELINE_INPROGRESS', 'inprogress');
  63  define('COURSE_TIMELINE_FUTURE', 'future');
  64  define('COURSE_FAVOURITES', 'favourites');
  65  define('COURSE_TIMELINE_HIDDEN', 'hidden');
  66  define('COURSE_CUSTOMFIELD', 'customfield');
  67  define('COURSE_DB_QUERY_LIMIT', 1000);
  68  /** Searching for all courses that have no value for the specified custom field. */
  69  define('COURSE_CUSTOMFIELD_EMPTY', -1);
  70  
  71  // Course activity chooser footer default display option.
  72  define('COURSE_CHOOSER_FOOTER_NONE', 'hidden');
  73  
  74  // Download course content options.
  75  define('DOWNLOAD_COURSE_CONTENT_DISABLED', 0);
  76  define('DOWNLOAD_COURSE_CONTENT_ENABLED', 1);
  77  define('DOWNLOAD_COURSE_CONTENT_SITE_DEFAULT', 2);
  78  
  79  function make_log_url($module, $url) {
  80      switch ($module) {
  81          case 'course':
  82              if (strpos($url, 'report/') === 0) {
  83                  // there is only one report type, course reports are deprecated
  84                  $url = "/$url";
  85                  break;
  86              }
  87          case 'file':
  88          case 'login':
  89          case 'lib':
  90          case 'admin':
  91          case 'category':
  92          case 'mnet course':
  93              if (strpos($url, '../') === 0) {
  94                  $url = ltrim($url, '.');
  95              } else {
  96                  $url = "/course/$url";
  97              }
  98              break;
  99          case 'calendar':
 100              $url = "/calendar/$url";
 101              break;
 102          case 'user':
 103          case 'blog':
 104              $url = "/$module/$url";
 105              break;
 106          case 'upload':
 107              $url = $url;
 108              break;
 109          case 'coursetags':
 110              $url = '/'.$url;
 111              break;
 112          case 'library':
 113          case '':
 114              $url = '/';
 115              break;
 116          case 'message':
 117              $url = "/message/$url";
 118              break;
 119          case 'notes':
 120              $url = "/notes/$url";
 121              break;
 122          case 'tag':
 123              $url = "/tag/$url";
 124              break;
 125          case 'role':
 126              $url = '/'.$url;
 127              break;
 128          case 'grade':
 129              $url = "/grade/$url";
 130              break;
 131          default:
 132              $url = "/mod/$module/$url";
 133              break;
 134      }
 135  
 136      //now let's sanitise urls - there might be some ugly nasties:-(
 137      $parts = explode('?', $url);
 138      $script = array_shift($parts);
 139      if (strpos($script, 'http') === 0) {
 140          $script = clean_param($script, PARAM_URL);
 141      } else {
 142          $script = clean_param($script, PARAM_PATH);
 143      }
 144  
 145      $query = '';
 146      if ($parts) {
 147          $query = implode('', $parts);
 148          $query = str_replace('&amp;', '&', $query); // both & and &amp; are stored in db :-|
 149          $parts = explode('&', $query);
 150          $eq = urlencode('=');
 151          foreach ($parts as $key=>$part) {
 152              $part = urlencode(urldecode($part));
 153              $part = str_replace($eq, '=', $part);
 154              $parts[$key] = $part;
 155          }
 156          $query = '?'.implode('&amp;', $parts);
 157      }
 158  
 159      return $script.$query;
 160  }
 161  
 162  
 163  function build_mnet_logs_array($hostid, $course, $user=0, $date=0, $order="l.time ASC", $limitfrom='', $limitnum='',
 164                     $modname="", $modid=0, $modaction="", $groupid=0) {
 165      global $CFG, $DB;
 166  
 167      // It is assumed that $date is the GMT time of midnight for that day,
 168      // and so the next 86400 seconds worth of logs are printed.
 169  
 170      /// Setup for group handling.
 171  
 172      // TODO: I don't understand group/context/etc. enough to be able to do
 173      // something interesting with it here
 174      // What is the context of a remote course?
 175  
 176      /// If the group mode is separate, and this user does not have editing privileges,
 177      /// then only the user's group can be viewed.
 178      //if ($course->groupmode == SEPARATEGROUPS and !has_capability('moodle/course:managegroups', context_course::instance($course->id))) {
 179      //    $groupid = get_current_group($course->id);
 180      //}
 181      /// If this course doesn't have groups, no groupid can be specified.
 182      //else if (!$course->groupmode) {
 183      //    $groupid = 0;
 184      //}
 185  
 186      $groupid = 0;
 187  
 188      $joins = array();
 189      $where = '';
 190  
 191      $qry = "SELECT l.*, u.firstname, u.lastname, u.picture
 192                FROM {mnet_log} l
 193                 LEFT JOIN {user} u ON l.userid = u.id
 194                WHERE ";
 195      $params = array();
 196  
 197      $where .= "l.hostid = :hostid";
 198      $params['hostid'] = $hostid;
 199  
 200      // TODO: Is 1 really a magic number referring to the sitename?
 201      if ($course != SITEID || $modid != 0) {
 202          $where .= " AND l.course=:courseid";
 203          $params['courseid'] = $course;
 204      }
 205  
 206      if ($modname) {
 207          $where .= " AND l.module = :modname";
 208          $params['modname'] = $modname;
 209      }
 210  
 211      if ('site_errors' === $modid) {
 212          $where .= " AND ( l.action='error' OR l.action='infected' )";
 213      } else if ($modid) {
 214          //TODO: This assumes that modids are the same across sites... probably
 215          //not true
 216          $where .= " AND l.cmid = :modid";
 217          $params['modid'] = $modid;
 218      }
 219  
 220      if ($modaction) {
 221          $firstletter = substr($modaction, 0, 1);
 222          if ($firstletter == '-') {
 223              $where .= " AND ".$DB->sql_like('l.action', ':modaction', false, true, true);
 224              $params['modaction'] = '%'.substr($modaction, 1).'%';
 225          } else {
 226              $where .= " AND ".$DB->sql_like('l.action', ':modaction', false);
 227              $params['modaction'] = '%'.$modaction.'%';
 228          }
 229      }
 230  
 231      if ($user) {
 232          $where .= " AND l.userid = :user";
 233          $params['user'] = $user;
 234      }
 235  
 236      if ($date) {
 237          $enddate = $date + 86400;
 238          $where .= " AND l.time > :date AND l.time < :enddate";
 239          $params['date'] = $date;
 240          $params['enddate'] = $enddate;
 241      }
 242  
 243      $result = array();
 244      $result['totalcount'] = $DB->count_records_sql("SELECT COUNT('x') FROM {mnet_log} l WHERE $where", $params);
 245      if(!empty($result['totalcount'])) {
 246          $where .= " ORDER BY $order";
 247          $result['logs'] = $DB->get_records_sql("$qry $where", $params, $limitfrom, $limitnum);
 248      } else {
 249          $result['logs'] = array();
 250      }
 251      return $result;
 252  }
 253  
 254  /**
 255   * Checks the integrity of the course data.
 256   *
 257   * In summary - compares course_sections.sequence and course_modules.section.
 258   *
 259   * More detailed, checks that:
 260   * - course_sections.sequence contains each module id not more than once in the course
 261   * - for each moduleid from course_sections.sequence the field course_modules.section
 262   *   refers to the same section id (this means course_sections.sequence is more
 263   *   important if they are different)
 264   * - ($fullcheck only) each module in the course is present in one of
 265   *   course_sections.sequence
 266   * - ($fullcheck only) removes non-existing course modules from section sequences
 267   *
 268   * If there are any mismatches, the changes are made and records are updated in DB.
 269   *
 270   * Course cache is NOT rebuilt if there are any errors!
 271   *
 272   * This function is used each time when course cache is being rebuilt with $fullcheck = false
 273   * and in CLI script admin/cli/fix_course_sequence.php with $fullcheck = true
 274   *
 275   * @param int $courseid id of the course
 276   * @param array $rawmods result of funciton {@link get_course_mods()} - containst
 277   *     the list of enabled course modules in the course. Retrieved from DB if not specified.
 278   *     Argument ignored in cashe of $fullcheck, the list is retrieved form DB anyway.
 279   * @param array $sections records from course_sections table for this course.
 280   *     Retrieved from DB if not specified
 281   * @param bool $fullcheck Will add orphaned modules to their sections and remove non-existing
 282   *     course modules from sequences. Only to be used in site maintenance mode when we are
 283   *     sure that another user is not in the middle of the process of moving/removing a module.
 284   * @param bool $checkonly Only performs the check without updating DB, outputs all errors as debug messages.
 285   * @return array array of messages with found problems. Empty output means everything is ok
 286   */
 287  function course_integrity_check($courseid, $rawmods = null, $sections = null, $fullcheck = false, $checkonly = false) {
 288      global $DB;
 289      $messages = array();
 290      if ($sections === null) {
 291          $sections = $DB->get_records('course_sections', array('course' => $courseid), 'section', 'id,section,sequence');
 292      }
 293      if ($fullcheck) {
 294          // Retrieve all records from course_modules regardless of module type visibility.
 295          $rawmods = $DB->get_records('course_modules', array('course' => $courseid), 'id', 'id,section');
 296      }
 297      if ($rawmods === null) {
 298          $rawmods = get_course_mods($courseid);
 299      }
 300      if (!$fullcheck && (empty($sections) || empty($rawmods))) {
 301          // If either of the arrays is empty, no modules are displayed anyway.
 302          return true;
 303      }
 304      $debuggingprefix = 'Failed integrity check for course ['.$courseid.']. ';
 305  
 306      // First make sure that each module id appears in section sequences only once.
 307      // If it appears in several section sequences the last section wins.
 308      // If it appears twice in one section sequence, the first occurence wins.
 309      $modsection = array();
 310      foreach ($sections as $sectionid => $section) {
 311          $sections[$sectionid]->newsequence = $section->sequence;
 312          if (!empty($section->sequence)) {
 313              $sequence = explode(",", $section->sequence);
 314              $sequenceunique = array_unique($sequence);
 315              if (count($sequenceunique) != count($sequence)) {
 316                  // Some course module id appears in this section sequence more than once.
 317                  ksort($sequenceunique); // Preserve initial order of modules.
 318                  $sequence = array_values($sequenceunique);
 319                  $sections[$sectionid]->newsequence = join(',', $sequence);
 320                  $messages[] = $debuggingprefix.'Sequence for course section ['.
 321                          $sectionid.'] is "'.$sections[$sectionid]->sequence.'", must be "'.$sections[$sectionid]->newsequence.'"';
 322              }
 323              foreach ($sequence as $cmid) {
 324                  if (array_key_exists($cmid, $modsection) && isset($rawmods[$cmid])) {
 325                      // Some course module id appears to be in more than one section's sequences.
 326                      $wrongsectionid = $modsection[$cmid];
 327                      $sections[$wrongsectionid]->newsequence = trim(preg_replace("/,$cmid,/", ',', ','.$sections[$wrongsectionid]->newsequence. ','), ',');
 328                      $messages[] = $debuggingprefix.'Course module ['.$cmid.'] must be removed from sequence of section ['.
 329                              $wrongsectionid.'] because it is also present in sequence of section ['.$sectionid.']';
 330                  }
 331                  $modsection[$cmid] = $sectionid;
 332              }
 333          }
 334      }
 335  
 336      // Add orphaned modules to their sections if they exist or to section 0 otherwise.
 337      if ($fullcheck) {
 338          foreach ($rawmods as $cmid => $mod) {
 339              if (!isset($modsection[$cmid])) {
 340                  // This is a module that is not mentioned in course_section.sequence at all.
 341                  // Add it to the section $mod->section or to the last available section.
 342                  if ($mod->section && isset($sections[$mod->section])) {
 343                      $modsection[$cmid] = $mod->section;
 344                  } else {
 345                      $firstsection = reset($sections);
 346                      $modsection[$cmid] = $firstsection->id;
 347                  }
 348                  $sections[$modsection[$cmid]]->newsequence = trim($sections[$modsection[$cmid]]->newsequence.','.$cmid, ',');
 349                  $messages[] = $debuggingprefix.'Course module ['.$cmid.'] is missing from sequence of section ['.
 350                          $modsection[$cmid].']';
 351              }
 352          }
 353          foreach ($modsection as $cmid => $sectionid) {
 354              if (!isset($rawmods[$cmid])) {
 355                  // Section $sectionid refers to module id that does not exist.
 356                  $sections[$sectionid]->newsequence = trim(preg_replace("/,$cmid,/", ',', ','.$sections[$sectionid]->newsequence.','), ',');
 357                  $messages[] = $debuggingprefix.'Course module ['.$cmid.
 358                          '] does not exist but is present in the sequence of section ['.$sectionid.']';
 359              }
 360          }
 361      }
 362  
 363      // Update changed sections.
 364      if (!$checkonly && !empty($messages)) {
 365          foreach ($sections as $sectionid => $section) {
 366              if ($section->newsequence !== $section->sequence) {
 367                  $DB->update_record('course_sections', array('id' => $sectionid, 'sequence' => $section->newsequence));
 368              }
 369          }
 370      }
 371  
 372      // Now make sure that all modules point to the correct sections.
 373      foreach ($rawmods as $cmid => $mod) {
 374          if (isset($modsection[$cmid]) && $modsection[$cmid] != $mod->section) {
 375              if (!$checkonly) {
 376                  $DB->update_record('course_modules', array('id' => $cmid, 'section' => $modsection[$cmid]));
 377              }
 378              $messages[] = $debuggingprefix.'Course module ['.$cmid.
 379                      '] points to section ['.$mod->section.'] instead of ['.$modsection[$cmid].']';
 380          }
 381      }
 382  
 383      return $messages;
 384  }
 385  
 386  /**
 387   * For a given course, returns an array of course activity objects
 388   * Each item in the array contains he following properties:
 389   */
 390  function get_array_of_activities($courseid) {
 391  //  cm - course module id
 392  //  mod - name of the module (eg forum)
 393  //  section - the number of the section (eg week or topic)
 394  //  name - the name of the instance
 395  //  visible - is the instance visible or not
 396  //  groupingid - grouping id
 397  //  extra - contains extra string to include in any link
 398      global $CFG, $DB;
 399  
 400      $course = $DB->get_record('course', array('id'=>$courseid));
 401  
 402      if (empty($course)) {
 403          throw new moodle_exception('courseidnotfound');
 404      }
 405  
 406      $mod = array();
 407  
 408      $rawmods = get_course_mods($courseid);
 409      if (empty($rawmods)) {
 410          return $mod; // always return array
 411      }
 412      $courseformat = course_get_format($course);
 413  
 414      if ($sections = $DB->get_records('course_sections', array('course' => $courseid),
 415              'section ASC', 'id,section,sequence,visible')) {
 416          // First check and correct obvious mismatches between course_sections.sequence and course_modules.section.
 417          if ($errormessages = course_integrity_check($courseid, $rawmods, $sections)) {
 418              debugging(join('<br>', $errormessages));
 419              $rawmods = get_course_mods($courseid);
 420              $sections = $DB->get_records('course_sections', array('course' => $courseid),
 421                  'section ASC', 'id,section,sequence,visible');
 422          }
 423          // Build array of activities.
 424         foreach ($sections as $section) {
 425             if (!empty($section->sequence)) {
 426                 $sequence = explode(",", $section->sequence);
 427                 foreach ($sequence as $seq) {
 428                     if (empty($rawmods[$seq])) {
 429                         continue;
 430                     }
 431                     // Adjust visibleoncoursepage, value in DB may not respect format availability.
 432                     $rawmods[$seq]->visibleoncoursepage = (!$rawmods[$seq]->visible
 433                             || $rawmods[$seq]->visibleoncoursepage
 434                             || empty($CFG->allowstealth)
 435                             || !$courseformat->allow_stealth_module_visibility($rawmods[$seq], $section)) ? 1 : 0;
 436  
 437                     // Create an object that will be cached.
 438                     $mod[$seq] = new stdClass();
 439                     $mod[$seq]->id               = $rawmods[$seq]->instance;
 440                     $mod[$seq]->cm               = $rawmods[$seq]->id;
 441                     $mod[$seq]->mod              = $rawmods[$seq]->modname;
 442  
 443                      // Oh dear. Inconsistent names left here for backward compatibility.
 444                     $mod[$seq]->section          = $section->section;
 445                     $mod[$seq]->sectionid        = $rawmods[$seq]->section;
 446  
 447                     $mod[$seq]->module           = $rawmods[$seq]->module;
 448                     $mod[$seq]->added            = $rawmods[$seq]->added;
 449                     $mod[$seq]->score            = $rawmods[$seq]->score;
 450                     $mod[$seq]->idnumber         = $rawmods[$seq]->idnumber;
 451                     $mod[$seq]->visible          = $rawmods[$seq]->visible;
 452                     $mod[$seq]->visibleoncoursepage = $rawmods[$seq]->visibleoncoursepage;
 453                     $mod[$seq]->visibleold       = $rawmods[$seq]->visibleold;
 454                     $mod[$seq]->groupmode        = $rawmods[$seq]->groupmode;
 455                     $mod[$seq]->groupingid       = $rawmods[$seq]->groupingid;
 456                     $mod[$seq]->indent           = $rawmods[$seq]->indent;
 457                     $mod[$seq]->completion       = $rawmods[$seq]->completion;
 458                     $mod[$seq]->extra            = "";
 459                     $mod[$seq]->completiongradeitemnumber =
 460                             $rawmods[$seq]->completiongradeitemnumber;
 461                     $mod[$seq]->completionview   = $rawmods[$seq]->completionview;
 462                     $mod[$seq]->completionexpected = $rawmods[$seq]->completionexpected;
 463                     $mod[$seq]->showdescription  = $rawmods[$seq]->showdescription;
 464                     $mod[$seq]->availability = $rawmods[$seq]->availability;
 465                     $mod[$seq]->deletioninprogress = $rawmods[$seq]->deletioninprogress;
 466  
 467                     $modname = $mod[$seq]->mod;
 468                     $functionname = $modname."_get_coursemodule_info";
 469  
 470                     if (!file_exists("$CFG->dirroot/mod/$modname/lib.php")) {
 471                         continue;
 472                     }
 473  
 474                     include_once("$CFG->dirroot/mod/$modname/lib.php");
 475  
 476                     if ($hasfunction = function_exists($functionname)) {
 477                         if ($info = $functionname($rawmods[$seq])) {
 478                             if (!empty($info->icon)) {
 479                                 $mod[$seq]->icon = $info->icon;
 480                             }
 481                             if (!empty($info->iconcomponent)) {
 482                                 $mod[$seq]->iconcomponent = $info->iconcomponent;
 483                             }
 484                             if (!empty($info->name)) {
 485                                 $mod[$seq]->name = $info->name;
 486                             }
 487                             if ($info instanceof cached_cm_info) {
 488                                 // When using cached_cm_info you can include three new fields
 489                                 // that aren't available for legacy code
 490                                 if (!empty($info->content)) {
 491                                     $mod[$seq]->content = $info->content;
 492                                 }
 493                                 if (!empty($info->extraclasses)) {
 494                                     $mod[$seq]->extraclasses = $info->extraclasses;
 495                                 }
 496                                 if (!empty($info->iconurl)) {
 497                                     // Convert URL to string as it's easier to store. Also serialized object contains \0 byte and can not be written to Postgres DB.
 498                                     $url = new moodle_url($info->iconurl);
 499                                     $mod[$seq]->iconurl = $url->out(false);
 500                                 }
 501                                 if (!empty($info->onclick)) {
 502                                     $mod[$seq]->onclick = $info->onclick;
 503                                 }
 504                                 if (!empty($info->customdata)) {
 505                                     $mod[$seq]->customdata = $info->customdata;
 506                                 }
 507                             } else {
 508                                 // When using a stdclass, the (horrible) deprecated ->extra field
 509                                 // is available for BC
 510                                 if (!empty($info->extra)) {
 511                                     $mod[$seq]->extra = $info->extra;
 512                                 }
 513                             }
 514                         }
 515                     }
 516                     // When there is no modname_get_coursemodule_info function,
 517                     // but showdescriptions is enabled, then we use the 'intro'
 518                     // and 'introformat' fields in the module table
 519                     if (!$hasfunction && $rawmods[$seq]->showdescription) {
 520                         if ($modvalues = $DB->get_record($rawmods[$seq]->modname,
 521                                 array('id' => $rawmods[$seq]->instance), 'name, intro, introformat')) {
 522                             // Set content from intro and introformat. Filters are disabled
 523                             // because we  filter it with format_text at display time
 524                             $mod[$seq]->content = format_module_intro($rawmods[$seq]->modname,
 525                                     $modvalues, $rawmods[$seq]->id, false);
 526  
 527                             // To save making another query just below, put name in here
 528                             $mod[$seq]->name = $modvalues->name;
 529                         }
 530                     }
 531                     if (!isset($mod[$seq]->name)) {
 532                         $mod[$seq]->name = $DB->get_field($rawmods[$seq]->modname, "name", array("id"=>$rawmods[$seq]->instance));
 533                     }
 534  
 535                      // Minimise the database size by unsetting default options when they are
 536                      // 'empty'. This list corresponds to code in the cm_info constructor.
 537                      foreach (array('idnumber', 'groupmode', 'groupingid',
 538                              'indent', 'completion', 'extra', 'extraclasses', 'iconurl', 'onclick', 'content',
 539                              'icon', 'iconcomponent', 'customdata', 'availability', 'completionview',
 540                              'completionexpected', 'score', 'showdescription', 'deletioninprogress') as $property) {
 541                         if (property_exists($mod[$seq], $property) &&
 542                                 empty($mod[$seq]->{$property})) {
 543                             unset($mod[$seq]->{$property});
 544                         }
 545                     }
 546                     // Special case: this value is usually set to null, but may be 0
 547                     if (property_exists($mod[$seq], 'completiongradeitemnumber') &&
 548                             is_null($mod[$seq]->completiongradeitemnumber)) {
 549                         unset($mod[$seq]->completiongradeitemnumber);
 550                     }
 551                 }
 552              }
 553          }
 554      }
 555      return $mod;
 556  }
 557  
 558  /**
 559   * Returns the localised human-readable names of all used modules
 560   *
 561   * @param bool $plural if true returns the plural forms of the names
 562   * @return array where key is the module name (component name without 'mod_') and
 563   *     the value is the human-readable string. Array sorted alphabetically by value
 564   */
 565  function get_module_types_names($plural = false) {
 566      static $modnames = null;
 567      global $DB, $CFG;
 568      if ($modnames === null) {
 569          $modnames = array(0 => array(), 1 => array());
 570          if ($allmods = $DB->get_records("modules")) {
 571              foreach ($allmods as $mod) {
 572                  if (file_exists("$CFG->dirroot/mod/$mod->name/lib.php") && $mod->visible) {
 573                      $modnames[0][$mod->name] = get_string("modulename", "$mod->name", null, true);
 574                      $modnames[1][$mod->name] = get_string("modulenameplural", "$mod->name", null, true);
 575                  }
 576              }
 577          }
 578      }
 579      return $modnames[(int)$plural];
 580  }
 581  
 582  /**
 583   * Set highlighted section. Only one section can be highlighted at the time.
 584   *
 585   * @param int $courseid course id
 586   * @param int $marker highlight section with this number, 0 means remove higlightin
 587   * @return void
 588   */
 589  function course_set_marker($courseid, $marker) {
 590      global $DB, $COURSE;
 591      $DB->set_field("course", "marker", $marker, array('id' => $courseid));
 592      if ($COURSE && $COURSE->id == $courseid) {
 593          $COURSE->marker = $marker;
 594      }
 595      if (class_exists('format_base')) {
 596          format_base::reset_course_cache($courseid);
 597      }
 598      course_modinfo::clear_instance_cache($courseid);
 599  }
 600  
 601  /**
 602   * For a given course section, marks it visible or hidden,
 603   * and does the same for every activity in that section
 604   *
 605   * @param int $courseid course id
 606   * @param int $sectionnumber The section number to adjust
 607   * @param int $visibility The new visibility
 608   * @return array A list of resources which were hidden in the section
 609   */
 610  function set_section_visible($courseid, $sectionnumber, $visibility) {
 611      global $DB;
 612  
 613      $resourcestotoggle = array();
 614      if ($section = $DB->get_record("course_sections", array("course"=>$courseid, "section"=>$sectionnumber))) {
 615          course_update_section($courseid, $section, array('visible' => $visibility));
 616  
 617          // Determine which modules are visible for AJAX update
 618          $modules = !empty($section->sequence) ? explode(',', $section->sequence) : array();
 619          if (!empty($modules)) {
 620              list($insql, $params) = $DB->get_in_or_equal($modules);
 621              $select = 'id ' . $insql . ' AND visible = ?';
 622              array_push($params, $visibility);
 623              if (!$visibility) {
 624                  $select .= ' AND visibleold = 1';
 625              }
 626              $resourcestotoggle = $DB->get_fieldset_select('course_modules', 'id', $select, $params);
 627          }
 628      }
 629      return $resourcestotoggle;
 630  }
 631  
 632  /**
 633   * Return the course category context for the category with id $categoryid, except
 634   * that if $categoryid is 0, return the system context.
 635   *
 636   * @param integer $categoryid a category id or 0.
 637   * @return context the corresponding context
 638   */
 639  function get_category_or_system_context($categoryid) {
 640      if ($categoryid) {
 641          return context_coursecat::instance($categoryid, IGNORE_MISSING);
 642      } else {
 643          return context_system::instance();
 644      }
 645  }
 646  
 647  /**
 648   * Print the buttons relating to course requests.
 649   *
 650   * @param context $context current page context.
 651   */
 652  function print_course_request_buttons($context) {
 653      global $CFG, $DB, $OUTPUT;
 654      if (empty($CFG->enablecourserequests)) {
 655          return;
 656      }
 657      if (course_request::can_request($context)) {
 658          // Print a button to request a new course.
 659          $params = [];
 660          if ($context instanceof context_coursecat) {
 661              $params['category'] = $context->instanceid;
 662          }
 663          echo $OUTPUT->single_button(new moodle_url('/course/request.php', $params),
 664              get_string('requestcourse'), 'get');
 665      }
 666      /// Print a button to manage pending requests
 667      if (has_capability('moodle/site:approvecourse', $context)) {
 668          $disabled = !$DB->record_exists('course_request', array());
 669          echo $OUTPUT->single_button(new moodle_url('/course/pending.php'), get_string('coursespending'), 'get', array('disabled' => $disabled));
 670      }
 671  }
 672  
 673  /**
 674   * Does the user have permission to edit things in this category?
 675   *
 676   * @param integer $categoryid The id of the category we are showing, or 0 for system context.
 677   * @return boolean has_any_capability(array(...), ...); in the appropriate context.
 678   */
 679  function can_edit_in_category($categoryid = 0) {
 680      $context = get_category_or_system_context($categoryid);
 681      return has_any_capability(array('moodle/category:manage', 'moodle/course:create'), $context);
 682  }
 683  
 684  /// MODULE FUNCTIONS /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 685  
 686  function add_course_module($mod) {
 687      global $DB;
 688  
 689      $mod->added = time();
 690      unset($mod->id);
 691  
 692      $cmid = $DB->insert_record("course_modules", $mod);
 693      rebuild_course_cache($mod->course, true);
 694      return $cmid;
 695  }
 696  
 697  /**
 698   * Creates a course section and adds it to the specified position
 699   *
 700   * @param int|stdClass $courseorid course id or course object
 701   * @param int $position position to add to, 0 means to the end. If position is greater than
 702   *        number of existing secitons, the section is added to the end. This will become sectionnum of the
 703   *        new section. All existing sections at this or bigger position will be shifted down.
 704   * @param bool $skipcheck the check has already been made and we know that the section with this position does not exist
 705   * @return stdClass created section object
 706   */
 707  function course_create_section($courseorid, $position = 0, $skipcheck = false) {
 708      global $DB;
 709      $courseid = is_object($courseorid) ? $courseorid->id : $courseorid;
 710  
 711      // Find the last sectionnum among existing sections.
 712      if ($skipcheck) {
 713          $lastsection = $position - 1;
 714      } else {
 715          $lastsection = (int)$DB->get_field_sql('SELECT max(section) from {course_sections} WHERE course = ?', [$courseid]);
 716      }
 717  
 718      // First add section to the end.
 719      $cw = new stdClass();
 720      $cw->course   = $courseid;
 721      $cw->section  = $lastsection + 1;
 722      $cw->summary  = '';
 723      $cw->summaryformat = FORMAT_HTML;
 724      $cw->sequence = '';
 725      $cw->name = null;
 726      $cw->visible = 1;
 727      $cw->availability = null;
 728      $cw->timemodified = time();
 729      $cw->id = $DB->insert_record("course_sections", $cw);
 730  
 731      // Now move it to the specified position.
 732      if ($position > 0 && $position <= $lastsection) {
 733          $course = is_object($courseorid) ? $courseorid : get_course($courseorid);
 734          move_section_to($course, $cw->section, $position, true);
 735          $cw->section = $position;
 736      }
 737  
 738      core\event\course_section_created::create_from_section($cw)->trigger();
 739  
 740      rebuild_course_cache($courseid, true);
 741      return $cw;
 742  }
 743  
 744  /**
 745   * Creates missing course section(s) and rebuilds course cache
 746   *
 747   * @param int|stdClass $courseorid course id or course object
 748   * @param int|array $sections list of relative section numbers to create
 749   * @return bool if there were any sections created
 750   */
 751  function course_create_sections_if_missing($courseorid, $sections) {
 752      if (!is_array($sections)) {
 753          $sections = array($sections);
 754      }
 755      $existing = array_keys(get_fast_modinfo($courseorid)->get_section_info_all());
 756      if ($newsections = array_diff($sections, $existing)) {
 757          foreach ($newsections as $sectionnum) {
 758              course_create_section($courseorid, $sectionnum, true);
 759          }
 760          return true;
 761      }
 762      return false;
 763  }
 764  
 765  /**
 766   * Adds an existing module to the section
 767   *
 768   * Updates both tables {course_sections} and {course_modules}
 769   *
 770   * Note: This function does not use modinfo PROVIDED that the section you are
 771   * adding the module to already exists. If the section does not exist, it will
 772   * build modinfo if necessary and create the section.
 773   *
 774   * @param int|stdClass $courseorid course id or course object
 775   * @param int $cmid id of the module already existing in course_modules table
 776   * @param int $sectionnum relative number of the section (field course_sections.section)
 777   *     If section does not exist it will be created
 778   * @param int|stdClass $beforemod id or object with field id corresponding to the module
 779   *     before which the module needs to be included. Null for inserting in the
 780   *     end of the section
 781   * @return int The course_sections ID where the module is inserted
 782   */
 783  function course_add_cm_to_section($courseorid, $cmid, $sectionnum, $beforemod = null) {
 784      global $DB, $COURSE;
 785      if (is_object($beforemod)) {
 786          $beforemod = $beforemod->id;
 787      }
 788      if (is_object($courseorid)) {
 789          $courseid = $courseorid->id;
 790      } else {
 791          $courseid = $courseorid;
 792      }
 793      // Do not try to use modinfo here, there is no guarantee it is valid!
 794      $section = $DB->get_record('course_sections',
 795              array('course' => $courseid, 'section' => $sectionnum), '*', IGNORE_MISSING);
 796      if (!$section) {
 797          // This function call requires modinfo.
 798          course_create_sections_if_missing($courseorid, $sectionnum);
 799          $section = $DB->get_record('course_sections',
 800                  array('course' => $courseid, 'section' => $sectionnum), '*', MUST_EXIST);
 801      }
 802  
 803      $modarray = explode(",", trim($section->sequence));
 804      if (empty($section->sequence)) {
 805          $newsequence = "$cmid";
 806      } else if ($beforemod && ($key = array_keys($modarray, $beforemod))) {
 807          $insertarray = array($cmid, $beforemod);
 808          array_splice($modarray, $key[0], 1, $insertarray);
 809          $newsequence = implode(",", $modarray);
 810      } else {
 811          $newsequence = "$section->sequence,$cmid";
 812      }
 813      $DB->set_field("course_sections", "sequence", $newsequence, array("id" => $section->id));
 814      $DB->set_field('course_modules', 'section', $section->id, array('id' => $cmid));
 815      if (is_object($courseorid)) {
 816          rebuild_course_cache($courseorid->id, true);
 817      } else {
 818          rebuild_course_cache($courseorid, true);
 819      }
 820      return $section->id;     // Return course_sections ID that was used.
 821  }
 822  
 823  /**
 824   * Change the group mode of a course module.
 825   *
 826   * Note: Do not forget to trigger the event \core\event\course_module_updated as it needs
 827   * to be triggered manually, refer to {@link \core\event\course_module_updated::create_from_cm()}.
 828   *
 829   * @param int $id course module ID.
 830   * @param int $groupmode the new groupmode value.
 831   * @return bool True if the $groupmode was updated.
 832   */
 833  function set_coursemodule_groupmode($id, $groupmode) {
 834      global $DB;
 835      $cm = $DB->get_record('course_modules', array('id' => $id), 'id,course,groupmode', MUST_EXIST);
 836      if ($cm->groupmode != $groupmode) {
 837          $DB->set_field('course_modules', 'groupmode', $groupmode, array('id' => $cm->id));
 838          rebuild_course_cache($cm->course, true);
 839      }
 840      return ($cm->groupmode != $groupmode);
 841  }
 842  
 843  function set_coursemodule_idnumber($id, $idnumber) {
 844      global $DB;
 845      $cm = $DB->get_record('course_modules', array('id' => $id), 'id,course,idnumber', MUST_EXIST);
 846      if ($cm->idnumber != $idnumber) {
 847          $DB->set_field('course_modules', 'idnumber', $idnumber, array('id' => $cm->id));
 848          rebuild_course_cache($cm->course, true);
 849      }
 850      return ($cm->idnumber != $idnumber);
 851  }
 852  
 853  /**
 854   * Set the visibility of a module and inherent properties.
 855   *
 856   * Note: Do not forget to trigger the event \core\event\course_module_updated as it needs
 857   * to be triggered manually, refer to {@link \core\event\course_module_updated::create_from_cm()}.
 858   *
 859   * From 2.4 the parameter $prevstateoverrides has been removed, the logic it triggered
 860   * has been moved to {@link set_section_visible()} which was the only place from which
 861   * the parameter was used.
 862   *
 863   * @param int $id of the module
 864   * @param int $visible state of the module
 865   * @param int $visibleoncoursepage state of the module on the course page
 866   * @return bool false when the module was not found, true otherwise
 867   */
 868  function set_coursemodule_visible($id, $visible, $visibleoncoursepage = 1) {
 869      global $DB, $CFG;
 870      require_once($CFG->libdir.'/gradelib.php');
 871      require_once($CFG->dirroot.'/calendar/lib.php');
 872  
 873      if (!$cm = $DB->get_record('course_modules', array('id'=>$id))) {
 874          return false;
 875      }
 876  
 877      // Create events and propagate visibility to associated grade items if the value has changed.
 878      // Only do this if it's changed to avoid accidently overwriting manual showing/hiding of student grades.
 879      if ($cm->visible == $visible && $cm->visibleoncoursepage == $visibleoncoursepage) {
 880          return true;
 881      }
 882  
 883      if (!$modulename = $DB->get_field('modules', 'name', array('id'=>$cm->module))) {
 884          return false;
 885      }
 886      if (($cm->visible != $visible) &&
 887              ($events = $DB->get_records('event', array('instance' => $cm->instance, 'modulename' => $modulename)))) {
 888          foreach($events as $event) {
 889              if ($visible) {
 890                  $event = new calendar_event($event);
 891                  $event->toggle_visibility(true);
 892              } else {
 893                  $event = new calendar_event($event);
 894                  $event->toggle_visibility(false);
 895              }
 896          }
 897      }
 898  
 899      // Updating visible and visibleold to keep them in sync. Only changing a section visibility will
 900      // affect visibleold to allow for an original visibility restore. See set_section_visible().
 901      $cminfo = new stdClass();
 902      $cminfo->id = $id;
 903      $cminfo->visible = $visible;
 904      $cminfo->visibleoncoursepage = $visibleoncoursepage;
 905      $cminfo->visibleold = $visible;
 906      $DB->update_record('course_modules', $cminfo);
 907  
 908      // Hide the associated grade items so the teacher doesn't also have to go to the gradebook and hide them there.
 909      // Note that this must be done after updating the row in course_modules, in case
 910      // the modules grade_item_update function needs to access $cm->visible.
 911      if ($cm->visible != $visible &&
 912              plugin_supports('mod', $modulename, FEATURE_CONTROLS_GRADE_VISIBILITY) &&
 913              component_callback_exists('mod_' . $modulename, 'grade_item_update')) {
 914          $instance = $DB->get_record($modulename, array('id' => $cm->instance), '*', MUST_EXIST);
 915          component_callback('mod_' . $modulename, 'grade_item_update', array($instance));
 916      } else if ($cm->visible != $visible) {
 917          $grade_items = grade_item::fetch_all(array('itemtype'=>'mod', 'itemmodule'=>$modulename, 'iteminstance'=>$cm->instance, 'courseid'=>$cm->course));
 918          if ($grade_items) {
 919              foreach ($grade_items as $grade_item) {
 920                  $grade_item->set_hidden(!$visible);
 921              }
 922          }
 923      }
 924  
 925      rebuild_course_cache($cm->course, true);
 926      return true;
 927  }
 928  
 929  /**
 930   * Changes the course module name
 931   *
 932   * @param int $id course module id
 933   * @param string $name new value for a name
 934   * @return bool whether a change was made
 935   */
 936  function set_coursemodule_name($id, $name) {
 937      global $CFG, $DB;
 938      require_once($CFG->libdir . '/gradelib.php');
 939  
 940      $cm = get_coursemodule_from_id('', $id, 0, false, MUST_EXIST);
 941  
 942      $module = new \stdClass();
 943      $module->id = $cm->instance;
 944  
 945      // Escape strings as they would be by mform.
 946      if (!empty($CFG->formatstringstriptags)) {
 947          $module->name = clean_param($name, PARAM_TEXT);
 948      } else {
 949          $module->name = clean_param($name, PARAM_CLEANHTML);
 950      }
 951      if ($module->name === $cm->name || strval($module->name) === '') {
 952          return false;
 953      }
 954      if (\core_text::strlen($module->name) > 255) {
 955          throw new \moodle_exception('maximumchars', 'moodle', '', 255);
 956      }
 957  
 958      $module->timemodified = time();
 959      $DB->update_record($cm->modname, $module);
 960      $cm->name = $module->name;
 961      \core\event\course_module_updated::create_from_cm($cm)->trigger();
 962      rebuild_course_cache($cm->course, true);
 963  
 964      // Attempt to update the grade item if relevant.
 965      $grademodule = $DB->get_record($cm->modname, array('id' => $cm->instance));
 966      $grademodule->cmidnumber = $cm->idnumber;
 967      $grademodule->modname = $cm->modname;
 968      grade_update_mod_grades($grademodule);
 969  
 970      // Update calendar events with the new name.
 971      course_module_update_calendar_events($cm->modname, $grademodule, $cm);
 972  
 973      return true;
 974  }
 975  
 976  /**
 977   * This function will handle the whole deletion process of a module. This includes calling
 978   * the modules delete_instance function, deleting files, events, grades, conditional data,
 979   * the data in the course_module and course_sections table and adding a module deletion
 980   * event to the DB.
 981   *
 982   * @param int $cmid the course module id
 983   * @param bool $async whether or not to try to delete the module using an adhoc task. Async also depends on a plugin hook.
 984   * @throws moodle_exception
 985   * @since Moodle 2.5
 986   */
 987  function course_delete_module($cmid, $async = false) {
 988      // Check the 'course_module_background_deletion_recommended' hook first.
 989      // Only use asynchronous deletion if at least one plugin returns true and if async deletion has been requested.
 990      // Both are checked because plugins should not be allowed to dictate the deletion behaviour, only support/decline it.
 991      // It's up to plugins to handle things like whether or not they are enabled.
 992      if ($async && $pluginsfunction = get_plugins_with_function('course_module_background_deletion_recommended')) {
 993          foreach ($pluginsfunction as $plugintype => $plugins) {
 994              foreach ($plugins as $pluginfunction) {
 995                  if ($pluginfunction()) {
 996                      return course_module_flag_for_async_deletion($cmid);
 997                  }
 998              }
 999          }
1000      }
1001  
1002      global $CFG, $DB;
1003  
1004      require_once($CFG->libdir.'/gradelib.php');
1005      require_once($CFG->libdir.'/questionlib.php');
1006      require_once($CFG->dirroot.'/blog/lib.php');
1007      require_once($CFG->dirroot.'/calendar/lib.php');
1008  
1009      // Get the course module.
1010      if (!$cm = $DB->get_record('course_modules', array('id' => $cmid))) {
1011          return true;
1012      }
1013  
1014      // Get the module context.
1015      $modcontext = context_module::instance($cm->id);
1016  
1017      // Get the course module name.
1018      $modulename = $DB->get_field('modules', 'name', array('id' => $cm->module), MUST_EXIST);
1019  
1020      // Get the file location of the delete_instance function for this module.
1021      $modlib = "$CFG->dirroot/mod/$modulename/lib.php";
1022  
1023      // Include the file required to call the delete_instance function for this module.
1024      if (file_exists($modlib)) {
1025          require_once($modlib);
1026      } else {
1027          throw new moodle_exception('cannotdeletemodulemissinglib', '', '', null,
1028              "Cannot delete this module as the file mod/$modulename/lib.php is missing.");
1029      }
1030  
1031      $deleteinstancefunction = $modulename . '_delete_instance';
1032  
1033      // Ensure the delete_instance function exists for this module.
1034      if (!function_exists($deleteinstancefunction)) {
1035          throw new moodle_exception('cannotdeletemodulemissingfunc', '', '', null,
1036              "Cannot delete this module as the function {$modulename}_delete_instance is missing in mod/$modulename/lib.php.");
1037      }
1038  
1039      // Allow plugins to use this course module before we completely delete it.
1040      if ($pluginsfunction = get_plugins_with_function('pre_course_module_delete')) {
1041          foreach ($pluginsfunction as $plugintype => $plugins) {
1042              foreach ($plugins as $pluginfunction) {
1043                  $pluginfunction($cm);
1044              }
1045          }
1046      }
1047  
1048      question_delete_activity($cm);
1049  
1050      // Call the delete_instance function, if it returns false throw an exception.
1051      if (!$deleteinstancefunction($cm->instance)) {
1052          throw new moodle_exception('cannotdeletemoduleinstance', '', '', null,
1053              "Cannot delete the module $modulename (instance).");
1054      }
1055  
1056      // Remove all module files in case modules forget to do that.
1057      $fs = get_file_storage();
1058      $fs->delete_area_files($modcontext->id);
1059  
1060      // Delete events from calendar.
1061      if ($events = $DB->get_records('event', array('instance' => $cm->instance, 'modulename' => $modulename))) {
1062          $coursecontext = context_course::instance($cm->course);
1063          foreach($events as $event) {
1064              $event->context = $coursecontext;
1065              $calendarevent = calendar_event::load($event);
1066              $calendarevent->delete();
1067          }
1068      }
1069  
1070      // Delete grade items, outcome items and grades attached to modules.
1071      if ($grade_items = grade_item::fetch_all(array('itemtype' => 'mod', 'itemmodule' => $modulename,
1072                                                     'iteminstance' => $cm->instance, 'courseid' => $cm->course))) {
1073          foreach ($grade_items as $grade_item) {
1074              $grade_item->delete('moddelete');
1075          }
1076      }
1077  
1078      // Delete associated blogs and blog tag instances.
1079      blog_remove_associations_for_module($modcontext->id);
1080  
1081      // Delete completion and availability data; it is better to do this even if the
1082      // features are not turned on, in case they were turned on previously (these will be
1083      // very quick on an empty table).
1084      $DB->delete_records('course_modules_completion', array('coursemoduleid' => $cm->id));
1085      $DB->delete_records('course_completion_criteria', array('moduleinstance' => $cm->id,
1086                                                              'course' => $cm->course,
1087                                                              'criteriatype' => COMPLETION_CRITERIA_TYPE_ACTIVITY));
1088  
1089      // Delete all tag instances associated with the instance of this module.
1090      core_tag_tag::delete_instances('mod_' . $modulename, null, $modcontext->id);
1091      core_tag_tag::remove_all_item_tags('core', 'course_modules', $cm->id);
1092  
1093      // Notify the competency subsystem.
1094      \core_competency\api::hook_course_module_deleted($cm);
1095  
1096      // Delete the context.
1097      context_helper::delete_instance(CONTEXT_MODULE, $cm->id);
1098  
1099      // Delete the module from the course_modules table.
1100      $DB->delete_records('course_modules', array('id' => $cm->id));
1101  
1102      // Delete module from that section.
1103      if (!delete_mod_from_section($cm->id, $cm->section)) {
1104          throw new moodle_exception('cannotdeletemodulefromsection', '', '', null,
1105              "Cannot delete the module $modulename (instance) from section.");
1106      }
1107  
1108      // Trigger event for course module delete action.
1109      $event = \core\event\course_module_deleted::create(array(
1110          'courseid' => $cm->course,
1111          'context'  => $modcontext,
1112          'objectid' => $cm->id,
1113          'other'    => array(
1114              'modulename' => $modulename,
1115              'instanceid'   => $cm->instance,
1116          )
1117      ));
1118      $event->add_record_snapshot('course_modules', $cm);
1119      $event->trigger();
1120      rebuild_course_cache($cm->course, true);
1121  }
1122  
1123  /**
1124   * Schedule a course module for deletion in the background using an adhoc task.
1125   *
1126   * This method should not be called directly. Instead, please use course_delete_module($cmid, true), to denote async deletion.
1127   * The real deletion of the module is handled by the task, which calls 'course_delete_module($cmid)'.
1128   *
1129   * @param int $cmid the course module id.
1130   * @return bool whether the module was successfully scheduled for deletion.
1131   * @throws \moodle_exception
1132   */
1133  function course_module_flag_for_async_deletion($cmid) {
1134      global $CFG, $DB, $USER;
1135      require_once($CFG->libdir.'/gradelib.php');
1136      require_once($CFG->libdir.'/questionlib.php');
1137      require_once($CFG->dirroot.'/blog/lib.php');
1138      require_once($CFG->dirroot.'/calendar/lib.php');
1139  
1140      // Get the course module.
1141      if (!$cm = $DB->get_record('course_modules', array('id' => $cmid))) {
1142          return true;
1143      }
1144  
1145      // We need to be reasonably certain the deletion is going to succeed before we background the process.
1146      // Make the necessary delete_instance checks, etc. before proceeding further. Throw exceptions if required.
1147  
1148      // Get the course module name.
1149      $modulename = $DB->get_field('modules', 'name', array('id' => $cm->module), MUST_EXIST);
1150  
1151      // Get the file location of the delete_instance function for this module.
1152      $modlib = "$CFG->dirroot/mod/$modulename/lib.php";
1153  
1154      // Include the file required to call the delete_instance function for this module.
1155      if (file_exists($modlib)) {
1156          require_once($modlib);
1157      } else {
1158          throw new \moodle_exception('cannotdeletemodulemissinglib', '', '', null,
1159              "Cannot delete this module as the file mod/$modulename/lib.php is missing.");
1160      }
1161  
1162      $deleteinstancefunction = $modulename . '_delete_instance';
1163  
1164      // Ensure the delete_instance function exists for this module.
1165      if (!function_exists($deleteinstancefunction)) {
1166          throw new \moodle_exception('cannotdeletemodulemissingfunc', '', '', null,
1167              "Cannot delete this module as the function {$modulename}_delete_instance is missing in mod/$modulename/lib.php.");
1168      }
1169  
1170      // We are going to defer the deletion as we can't be sure how long the module's pre_delete code will run for.
1171      $cm->deletioninprogress = '1';
1172      $DB->update_record('course_modules', $cm);
1173  
1174      // Create an adhoc task for the deletion of the course module. The task takes an array of course modules for removal.
1175      $removaltask = new \core_course\task\course_delete_modules();
1176      $removaltask->set_custom_data(array(
1177          'cms' => array($cm),
1178          'userid' => $USER->id,
1179          'realuserid' => \core\session\manager::get_realuser()->id
1180      ));
1181  
1182      // Queue the task for the next run.
1183      \core\task\manager::queue_adhoc_task($removaltask);
1184  
1185      // Reset the course cache to hide the module.
1186      rebuild_course_cache($cm->course, true);
1187  }
1188  
1189  /**
1190   * Checks whether the given course has any course modules scheduled for adhoc deletion.
1191   *
1192   * @param int $courseid the id of the course.
1193   * @param bool $onlygradable whether to check only gradable modules or all modules.
1194   * @return bool true if the course contains any modules pending deletion, false otherwise.
1195   */
1196  function course_modules_pending_deletion(int $courseid, bool $onlygradable = false) : bool {
1197      if (empty($courseid)) {
1198          return false;
1199      }
1200  
1201      if ($onlygradable) {
1202          // Fetch modules with grade items.
1203          if (!$coursegradeitems = grade_item::fetch_all(['itemtype' => 'mod', 'courseid' => $courseid])) {
1204              // Return early when there is none.
1205              return false;
1206          }
1207      }
1208  
1209      $modinfo = get_fast_modinfo($courseid);
1210      foreach ($modinfo->get_cms() as $module) {
1211          if ($module->deletioninprogress == '1') {
1212              if ($onlygradable) {
1213                  // Check if the module being deleted is in the list of course modules with grade items.
1214                  foreach ($coursegradeitems as $coursegradeitem) {
1215                      if ($coursegradeitem->itemmodule == $module->modname && $coursegradeitem->iteminstance == $module->instance) {
1216                          // The module being deleted is within the gradable  modules.
1217                          return true;
1218                      }
1219                  }
1220              } else {
1221                  return true;
1222              }
1223          }
1224      }
1225      return false;
1226  }
1227  
1228  /**
1229   * Checks whether the course module, as defined by modulename and instanceid, is scheduled for deletion within the given course.
1230   *
1231   * @param int $courseid the course id.
1232   * @param string $modulename the module name. E.g. 'assign', 'book', etc.
1233   * @param int $instanceid the module instance id.
1234   * @return bool true if the course module is pending deletion, false otherwise.
1235   */
1236  function course_module_instance_pending_deletion($courseid, $modulename, $instanceid) {
1237      if (empty($courseid) || empty($modulename) || empty($instanceid)) {
1238          return false;
1239      }
1240      $modinfo = get_fast_modinfo($courseid);
1241      $instances = $modinfo->get_instances_of($modulename);
1242      return isset($instances[$instanceid]) && $instances[$instanceid]->deletioninprogress;
1243  }
1244  
1245  function delete_mod_from_section($modid, $sectionid) {
1246      global $DB;
1247  
1248      if ($section = $DB->get_record("course_sections", array("id"=>$sectionid)) ) {
1249  
1250          $modarray = explode(",", $section->sequence);
1251  
1252          if ($key = array_keys ($modarray, $modid)) {
1253              array_splice($modarray, $key[0], 1);
1254              $newsequence = implode(",", $modarray);
1255              $DB->set_field("course_sections", "sequence", $newsequence, array("id"=>$section->id));
1256              rebuild_course_cache($section->course, true);
1257              return true;
1258          } else {
1259              return false;
1260          }
1261  
1262      }
1263      return false;
1264  }
1265  
1266  /**
1267   * This function updates the calendar events from the information stored in the module table and the course
1268   * module table.
1269   *
1270   * @param  string $modulename Module name
1271   * @param  stdClass $instance Module object. Either the $instance or the $cm must be supplied.
1272   * @param  stdClass $cm Course module object. Either the $instance or the $cm must be supplied.
1273   * @return bool Returns true if calendar events are updated.
1274   * @since  Moodle 3.3.4
1275   */
1276  function course_module_update_calendar_events($modulename, $instance = null, $cm = null) {
1277      global $DB;
1278  
1279      if (isset($instance) || isset($cm)) {
1280  
1281          if (!isset($instance)) {
1282              $instance = $DB->get_record($modulename, array('id' => $cm->instance), '*', MUST_EXIST);
1283          }
1284          if (!isset($cm)) {
1285              $cm = get_coursemodule_from_instance($modulename, $instance->id, $instance->course);
1286          }
1287          if (!empty($cm)) {
1288              course_module_calendar_event_update_process($instance, $cm);
1289          }
1290          return true;
1291      }
1292      return false;
1293  }
1294  
1295  /**
1296   * Update all instances through out the site or in a course.
1297   *
1298   * @param  string  $modulename Module type to update.
1299   * @param  integer $courseid   Course id to update events. 0 for the whole site.
1300   * @return bool Returns True if the update was successful.
1301   * @since  Moodle 3.3.4
1302   */
1303  function course_module_bulk_update_calendar_events($modulename, $courseid = 0) {
1304      global $DB;
1305  
1306      $instances = null;
1307      if ($courseid) {
1308          if (!$instances = $DB->get_records($modulename, array('course' => $courseid))) {
1309              return false;
1310          }
1311      } else {
1312          if (!$instances = $DB->get_records($modulename)) {
1313              return false;
1314          }
1315      }
1316  
1317      foreach ($instances as $instance) {
1318          if ($cm = get_coursemodule_from_instance($modulename, $instance->id, $instance->course)) {
1319              course_module_calendar_event_update_process($instance, $cm);
1320          }
1321      }
1322      return true;
1323  }
1324  
1325  /**
1326   * Calendar events for a module instance are updated.
1327   *
1328   * @param  stdClass $instance Module instance object.
1329   * @param  stdClass $cm Course Module object.
1330   * @since  Moodle 3.3.4
1331   */
1332  function course_module_calendar_event_update_process($instance, $cm) {
1333      // We need to call *_refresh_events() first because some modules delete 'old' events at the end of the code which
1334      // will remove the completion events.
1335      $refresheventsfunction = $cm->modname . '_refresh_events';
1336      if (function_exists($refresheventsfunction)) {
1337          call_user_func($refresheventsfunction, $cm->course, $instance, $cm);
1338      }
1339      $completionexpected = (!empty($cm->completionexpected)) ? $cm->completionexpected : null;
1340      \core_completion\api::update_completion_date_event($cm->id, $cm->modname, $instance, $completionexpected);
1341  }
1342  
1343  /**
1344   * Moves a section within a course, from a position to another.
1345   * Be very careful: $section and $destination refer to section number,
1346   * not id!.
1347   *
1348   * @param object $course
1349   * @param int $section Section number (not id!!!)
1350   * @param int $destination
1351   * @param bool $ignorenumsections
1352   * @return boolean Result
1353   */
1354  function move_section_to($course, $section, $destination, $ignorenumsections = false) {
1355  /// Moves a whole course section up and down within the course
1356      global $USER, $DB;
1357  
1358      if (!$destination && $destination != 0) {
1359          return true;
1360      }
1361  
1362      // compartibility with course formats using field 'numsections'
1363      $courseformatoptions = course_get_format($course)->get_format_options();
1364      if ((!$ignorenumsections && array_key_exists('numsections', $courseformatoptions) &&
1365              ($destination > $courseformatoptions['numsections'])) || ($destination < 1)) {
1366          return false;
1367      }
1368  
1369      // Get all sections for this course and re-order them (2 of them should now share the same section number)
1370      if (!$sections = $DB->get_records_menu('course_sections', array('course' => $course->id),
1371              'section ASC, id ASC', 'id, section')) {
1372          return false;
1373      }
1374  
1375      $movedsections = reorder_sections($sections, $section, $destination);
1376  
1377      // Update all sections. Do this in 2 steps to avoid breaking database
1378      // uniqueness constraint
1379      $transaction = $DB->start_delegated_transaction();
1380      foreach ($movedsections as $id => $position) {
1381          if ($sections[$id] !== $position) {
1382              $DB->set_field('course_sections', 'section', -$position, array('id' => $id));
1383          }
1384      }
1385      foreach ($movedsections as $id => $position) {
1386          if ($sections[$id] !== $position) {
1387              $DB->set_field('course_sections', 'section', $position, array('id' => $id));
1388          }
1389      }
1390  
1391      // If we move the highlighted section itself, then just highlight the destination.
1392      // Adjust the higlighted section location if we move something over it either direction.
1393      if ($section == $course->marker) {
1394          course_set_marker($course->id, $destination);
1395      } elseif ($section > $course->marker && $course->marker >= $destination) {
1396          course_set_marker($course->id, $course->marker+1);
1397      } elseif ($section < $course->marker && $course->marker <= $destination) {
1398          course_set_marker($course->id, $course->marker-1);
1399      }
1400  
1401      $transaction->allow_commit();
1402      rebuild_course_cache($course->id, true);
1403      return true;
1404  }
1405  
1406  /**
1407   * This method will delete a course section and may delete all modules inside it.
1408   *
1409   * No permissions are checked here, use {@link course_can_delete_section()} to
1410   * check if section can actually be deleted.
1411   *
1412   * @param int|stdClass $course
1413   * @param int|stdClass|section_info $section
1414   * @param bool $forcedeleteifnotempty if set to false section will not be deleted if it has modules in it.
1415   * @param bool $async whether or not to try to delete the section using an adhoc task. Async also depends on a plugin hook.
1416   * @return bool whether section was deleted
1417   */
1418  function course_delete_section($course, $section, $forcedeleteifnotempty = true, $async = false) {
1419      global $DB;
1420  
1421      // Prepare variables.
1422      $courseid = (is_object($course)) ? $course->id : (int)$course;
1423      $sectionnum = (is_object($section)) ? $section->section : (int)$section;
1424      $section = $DB->get_record('course_sections', array('course' => $courseid, 'section' => $sectionnum));
1425      if (!$section) {
1426          // No section exists, can't proceed.
1427          return false;
1428      }
1429  
1430      // Check the 'course_module_background_deletion_recommended' hook first.
1431      // Only use asynchronous deletion if at least one plugin returns true and if async deletion has been requested.
1432      // Both are checked because plugins should not be allowed to dictate the deletion behaviour, only support/decline it.
1433      // It's up to plugins to handle things like whether or not they are enabled.
1434      if ($async && $pluginsfunction = get_plugins_with_function('course_module_background_deletion_recommended')) {
1435          foreach ($pluginsfunction as $plugintype => $plugins) {
1436              foreach ($plugins as $pluginfunction) {
1437                  if ($pluginfunction()) {
1438                      return course_delete_section_async($section, $forcedeleteifnotempty);
1439                  }
1440              }
1441          }
1442      }
1443  
1444      $format = course_get_format($course);
1445      $sectionname = $format->get_section_name($section);
1446  
1447      // Delete section.
1448      $result = $format->delete_section($section, $forcedeleteifnotempty);
1449  
1450      // Trigger an event for course section deletion.
1451      if ($result) {
1452          $context = context_course::instance($courseid);
1453          $event = \core\event\course_section_deleted::create(
1454              array(
1455                  'objectid' => $section->id,
1456                  'courseid' => $courseid,
1457                  'context' => $context,
1458                  'other' => array(
1459                      'sectionnum' => $section->section,
1460                      'sectionname' => $sectionname,
1461                  )
1462              )
1463          );
1464          $event->add_record_snapshot('course_sections', $section);
1465          $event->trigger();
1466      }
1467      return $result;
1468  }
1469  
1470  /**
1471   * Course section deletion, using an adhoc task for deletion of the modules it contains.
1472   * 1. Schedule all modules within the section for adhoc removal.
1473   * 2. Move all modules to course section 0.
1474   * 3. Delete the resulting empty section.
1475   *
1476   * @param \stdClass $section the section to schedule for deletion.
1477   * @param bool $forcedeleteifnotempty whether to force section deletion if it contains modules.
1478   * @return bool true if the section was scheduled for deletion, false otherwise.
1479   */
1480  function course_delete_section_async($section, $forcedeleteifnotempty = true) {
1481      global $DB, $USER;
1482  
1483      // Objects only, and only valid ones.
1484      if (!is_object($section) || empty($section->id)) {
1485          return false;
1486      }
1487  
1488      // Does the object currently exist in the DB for removal (check for stale objects).
1489      $section = $DB->get_record('course_sections', array('id' => $section->id));
1490      if (!$section || !$section->section) {
1491          // No section exists, or the section is 0. Can't proceed.
1492          return false;
1493      }
1494  
1495      // Check whether the section can be removed.
1496      if (!$forcedeleteifnotempty && (!empty($section->sequence) || !empty($section->summary))) {
1497          return false;
1498      }
1499  
1500      $format = course_get_format($section->course);
1501      $sectionname = $format->get_section_name($section);
1502  
1503      // Flag those modules having no existing deletion flag. Some modules may have been scheduled for deletion manually, and we don't
1504      // want to create additional adhoc deletion tasks for these. Moving them to section 0 will suffice.
1505      $affectedmods = $DB->get_records_select('course_modules', 'course = ? AND section = ? AND deletioninprogress <> ?',
1506                                              [$section->course, $section->id, 1], '', 'id');
1507      $DB->set_field('course_modules', 'deletioninprogress', '1', ['course' => $section->course, 'section' => $section->id]);
1508  
1509      // Move all modules to section 0.
1510      $modules = $DB->get_records('course_modules', ['section' => $section->id], '');
1511      $sectionzero = $DB->get_record('course_sections', ['course' => $section->course, 'section' => '0']);
1512      foreach ($modules as $mod) {
1513          moveto_module($mod, $sectionzero);
1514      }
1515  
1516      // Create and queue an adhoc task for the deletion of the modules.
1517      $removaltask = new \core_course\task\course_delete_modules();
1518      $data = array(
1519          'cms' => $affectedmods,
1520          'userid' => $USER->id,
1521          'realuserid' => \core\session\manager::get_realuser()->id
1522      );
1523      $removaltask->set_custom_data($data);
1524      \core\task\manager::queue_adhoc_task($removaltask);
1525  
1526      // Delete the now empty section, passing in only the section number, which forces the function to fetch a new object.
1527      // The refresh is needed because the section->sequence is now stale.
1528      $result = $format->delete_section($section->section, $forcedeleteifnotempty);
1529  
1530      // Trigger an event for course section deletion.
1531      if ($result) {
1532          $context = \context_course::instance($section->course);
1533          $event = \core\event\course_section_deleted::create(
1534              array(
1535                  'objectid' => $section->id,
1536                  'courseid' => $section->course,
1537                  'context' => $context,
1538                  'other' => array(
1539                      'sectionnum' => $section->section,
1540                      'sectionname' => $sectionname,
1541                  )
1542              )
1543          );
1544          $event->add_record_snapshot('course_sections', $section);
1545          $event->trigger();
1546      }
1547      rebuild_course_cache($section->course, true);
1548  
1549      return $result;
1550  }
1551  
1552  /**
1553   * Updates the course section
1554   *
1555   * This function does not check permissions or clean values - this has to be done prior to calling it.
1556   *
1557   * @param int|stdClass $course
1558   * @param stdClass $section record from course_sections table - it will be updated with the new values
1559   * @param array|stdClass $data
1560   */
1561  function course_update_section($course, $section, $data) {
1562      global $DB;
1563  
1564      $courseid = (is_object($course)) ? $course->id : (int)$course;
1565  
1566      // Some fields can not be updated using this method.
1567      $data = array_diff_key((array)$data, array('id', 'course', 'section', 'sequence'));
1568      $changevisibility = (array_key_exists('visible', $data) && (bool)$data['visible'] != (bool)$section->visible);
1569      if (array_key_exists('name', $data) && \core_text::strlen($data['name']) > 255) {
1570          throw new moodle_exception('maximumchars', 'moodle', '', 255);
1571      }
1572  
1573      // Update record in the DB and course format options.
1574      $data['id'] = $section->id;
1575      $data['timemodified'] = time();
1576      $DB->update_record('course_sections', $data);
1577      rebuild_course_cache($courseid, true);
1578      course_get_format($courseid)->update_section_format_options($data);
1579  
1580      // Update fields of the $section object.
1581      foreach ($data as $key => $value) {
1582          if (property_exists($section, $key)) {
1583              $section->$key = $value;
1584          }
1585      }
1586  
1587      // Trigger an event for course section update.
1588      $event = \core\event\course_section_updated::create(
1589          array(
1590              'objectid' => $section->id,
1591              'courseid' => $courseid,
1592              'context' => context_course::instance($courseid),
1593              'other' => array('sectionnum' => $section->section)
1594          )
1595      );
1596      $event->trigger();
1597  
1598      // If section visibility was changed, hide the modules in this section too.
1599      if ($changevisibility && !empty($section->sequence)) {
1600          $modules = explode(',', $section->sequence);
1601          foreach ($modules as $moduleid) {
1602              if ($cm = get_coursemodule_from_id(null, $moduleid, $courseid)) {
1603                  if ($data['visible']) {
1604                      // As we unhide the section, we use the previously saved visibility stored in visibleold.
1605                      set_coursemodule_visible($moduleid, $cm->visibleold, $cm->visibleoncoursepage);
1606                  } else {
1607                      // We hide the section, so we hide the module but we store the original state in visibleold.
1608                      set_coursemodule_visible($moduleid, 0, $cm->visibleoncoursepage);
1609                      $DB->set_field('course_modules', 'visibleold', $cm->visible, array('id' => $moduleid));
1610                  }
1611                  \core\event\course_module_updated::create_from_cm($cm)->trigger();
1612              }
1613          }
1614      }
1615  }
1616  
1617  /**
1618   * Checks if the current user can delete a section (if course format allows it and user has proper permissions).
1619   *
1620   * @param int|stdClass $course
1621   * @param int|stdClass|section_info $section
1622   * @return bool
1623   */
1624  function course_can_delete_section($course, $section) {
1625      if (is_object($section)) {
1626          $section = $section->section;
1627      }
1628      if (!$section) {
1629          // Not possible to delete 0-section.
1630          return false;
1631      }
1632      // Course format should allow to delete sections.
1633      if (!course_get_format($course)->can_delete_section($section)) {
1634          return false;
1635      }
1636      // Make sure user has capability to update course and move sections.
1637      $context = context_course::instance(is_object($course) ? $course->id : $course);
1638      if (!has_all_capabilities(array('moodle/course:movesections', 'moodle/course:update'), $context)) {
1639          return false;
1640      }
1641      // Make sure user has capability to delete each activity in this section.
1642      $modinfo = get_fast_modinfo($course);
1643      if (!empty($modinfo->sections[$section])) {
1644          foreach ($modinfo->sections[$section] as $cmid) {
1645              if (!has_capability('moodle/course:manageactivities', context_module::instance($cmid))) {
1646                  return false;
1647              }
1648          }
1649      }
1650      return true;
1651  }
1652  
1653  /**
1654   * Reordering algorithm for course sections. Given an array of section->section indexed by section->id,
1655   * an original position number and a target position number, rebuilds the array so that the
1656   * move is made without any duplication of section positions.
1657   * Note: The target_position is the position AFTER WHICH the moved section will be inserted. If you want to
1658   * insert a section before the first one, you must give 0 as the target (section 0 can never be moved).
1659   *
1660   * @param array $sections
1661   * @param int $origin_position
1662   * @param int $target_position
1663   * @return array
1664   */
1665  function reorder_sections($sections, $origin_position, $target_position) {
1666      if (!is_array($sections)) {
1667          return false;
1668      }
1669  
1670      // We can't move section position 0
1671      if ($origin_position < 1) {
1672          echo "We can't move section position 0";
1673          return false;
1674      }
1675  
1676      // Locate origin section in sections array
1677      if (!$origin_key = array_search($origin_position, $sections)) {
1678          echo "searched position not in sections array";
1679          return false; // searched position not in sections array
1680      }
1681  
1682      // Extract origin section
1683      $origin_section = $sections[$origin_key];
1684      unset($sections[$origin_key]);
1685  
1686      // Find offset of target position (stupid PHP's array_splice requires offset instead of key index!)
1687      $found = false;
1688      $append_array = array();
1689      foreach ($sections as $id => $position) {
1690          if ($found) {
1691              $append_array[$id] = $position;
1692              unset($sections[$id]);
1693          }
1694          if ($position == $target_position) {
1695              if ($target_position < $origin_position) {
1696                  $append_array[$id] = $position;
1697                  unset($sections[$id]);
1698              }
1699              $found = true;
1700          }
1701      }
1702  
1703      // Append moved section
1704      $sections[$origin_key] = $origin_section;
1705  
1706      // Append rest of array (if applicable)
1707      if (!empty($append_array)) {
1708          foreach ($append_array as $id => $position) {
1709              $sections[$id] = $position;
1710          }
1711      }
1712  
1713      // Renumber positions
1714      $position = 0;
1715      foreach ($sections as $id => $p) {
1716          $sections[$id] = $position;
1717          $position++;
1718      }
1719  
1720      return $sections;
1721  
1722  }
1723  
1724  /**
1725   * Move the module object $mod to the specified $section
1726   * If $beforemod exists then that is the module
1727   * before which $modid should be inserted
1728   *
1729   * @param stdClass|cm_info $mod
1730   * @param stdClass|section_info $section
1731   * @param int|stdClass $beforemod id or object with field id corresponding to the module
1732   *     before which the module needs to be included. Null for inserting in the
1733   *     end of the section
1734   * @return int new value for module visibility (0 or 1)
1735   */
1736  function moveto_module($mod, $section, $beforemod=NULL) {
1737      global $OUTPUT, $DB;
1738  
1739      // Current module visibility state - return value of this function.
1740      $modvisible = $mod->visible;
1741  
1742      // Remove original module from original section.
1743      if (! delete_mod_from_section($mod->id, $mod->section)) {
1744          echo $OUTPUT->notification("Could not delete module from existing section");
1745      }
1746  
1747      // If moving to a hidden section then hide module.
1748      if ($mod->section != $section->id) {
1749          if (!$section->visible && $mod->visible) {
1750              // Module was visible but must become hidden after moving to hidden section.
1751              $modvisible = 0;
1752              set_coursemodule_visible($mod->id, 0);
1753              // Set visibleold to 1 so module will be visible when section is made visible.
1754              $DB->set_field('course_modules', 'visibleold', 1, array('id' => $mod->id));
1755          }
1756          if ($section->visible && !$mod->visible) {
1757              // Hidden module was moved to the visible section, restore the module visibility from visibleold.
1758              set_coursemodule_visible($mod->id, $mod->visibleold);
1759              $modvisible = $mod->visibleold;
1760          }
1761      }
1762  
1763      // Add the module into the new section.
1764      course_add_cm_to_section($section->course, $mod->id, $section->section, $beforemod);
1765      return $modvisible;
1766  }
1767  
1768  /**
1769   * Returns the list of all editing actions that current user can perform on the module
1770   *
1771   * @param cm_info $mod The module to produce editing buttons for
1772   * @param int $indent The current indenting (default -1 means no move left-right actions)
1773   * @param int $sr The section to link back to (used for creating the links)
1774   * @return array array of action_link or pix_icon objects
1775   */
1776  function course_get_cm_edit_actions(cm_info $mod, $indent = -1, $sr = null) {
1777      global $COURSE, $SITE, $CFG;
1778  
1779      static $str;
1780  
1781      $coursecontext = context_course::instance($mod->course);
1782      $modcontext = context_module::instance($mod->id);
1783      $courseformat = course_get_format($mod->get_course());
1784  
1785      $editcaps = array('moodle/course:manageactivities', 'moodle/course:activityvisibility', 'moodle/role:assign');
1786      $dupecaps = array('moodle/backup:backuptargetimport', 'moodle/restore:restoretargetimport');
1787  
1788      // No permission to edit anything.
1789      if (!has_any_capability($editcaps, $modcontext) and !has_all_capabilities($dupecaps, $coursecontext)) {
1790          return array();
1791      }
1792  
1793      $hasmanageactivities = has_capability('moodle/course:manageactivities', $modcontext);
1794  
1795      if (!isset($str)) {
1796          $str = get_strings(array('delete', 'move', 'moveright', 'moveleft',
1797              'editsettings', 'duplicate', 'modhide', 'makeavailable', 'makeunavailable', 'modshow'), 'moodle');
1798          $str->assign         = get_string('assignroles', 'role');
1799          $str->groupsnone     = get_string('clicktochangeinbrackets', 'moodle', get_string("groupsnone"));
1800          $str->groupsseparate = get_string('clicktochangeinbrackets', 'moodle', get_string("groupsseparate"));
1801          $str->groupsvisible  = get_string('clicktochangeinbrackets', 'moodle', get_string("groupsvisible"));
1802      }
1803  
1804      $baseurl = new moodle_url('/course/mod.php', array('sesskey' => sesskey()));
1805  
1806      if ($sr !== null) {
1807          $baseurl->param('sr', $sr);
1808      }
1809      $actions = array();
1810  
1811      // Update.
1812      if ($hasmanageactivities) {
1813          $actions['update'] = new action_menu_link_secondary(
1814              new moodle_url($baseurl, array('update' => $mod->id)),
1815              new pix_icon('t/edit', '', 'moodle', array('class' => 'iconsmall')),
1816              $str->editsettings,
1817              array('class' => 'editing_update', 'data-action' => 'update')
1818          );
1819      }
1820  
1821      // Indent.
1822      if ($hasmanageactivities && $indent >= 0) {
1823          $indentlimits = new stdClass();
1824          $indentlimits->min = 0;
1825          $indentlimits->max = 16;
1826          if (right_to_left()) {   // Exchange arrows on RTL
1827              $rightarrow = 't/left';
1828              $leftarrow  = 't/right';
1829          } else {
1830              $rightarrow = 't/right';
1831              $leftarrow  = 't/left';
1832          }
1833  
1834          if ($indent >= $indentlimits->max) {
1835              $enabledclass = 'hidden';
1836          } else {
1837              $enabledclass = '';
1838          }
1839          $actions['moveright'] = new action_menu_link_secondary(
1840              new moodle_url($baseurl, array('id' => $mod->id, 'indent' => '1')),
1841              new pix_icon($rightarrow, '', 'moodle', array('class' => 'iconsmall')),
1842              $str->moveright,
1843              array('class' => 'editing_moveright ' . $enabledclass, 'data-action' => 'moveright',
1844                  'data-keepopen' => true, 'data-sectionreturn' => $sr)
1845          );
1846  
1847          if ($indent <= $indentlimits->min) {
1848              $enabledclass = 'hidden';
1849          } else {
1850              $enabledclass = '';
1851          }
1852          $actions['moveleft'] = new action_menu_link_secondary(
1853              new moodle_url($baseurl, array('id' => $mod->id, 'indent' => '-1')),
1854              new pix_icon($leftarrow, '', 'moodle', array('class' => 'iconsmall')),
1855              $str->moveleft,
1856              array('class' => 'editing_moveleft ' . $enabledclass, 'data-action' => 'moveleft',
1857                  'data-keepopen' => true, 'data-sectionreturn' => $sr)
1858          );
1859  
1860      }
1861  
1862      // Hide/Show/Available/Unavailable.
1863      if (has_capability('moodle/course:activityvisibility', $modcontext)) {
1864          $allowstealth = !empty($CFG->allowstealth) && $courseformat->allow_stealth_module_visibility($mod, $mod->get_section_info());
1865  
1866          $sectionvisible = $mod->get_section_info()->visible;
1867          // The module on the course page may be in one of the following states:
1868          // - Available and displayed on the course page ($displayedoncoursepage);
1869          // - Not available and not displayed on the course page ($unavailable);
1870          // - Available but not displayed on the course page ($stealth) - this can also be a visible activity in a hidden section.
1871          $displayedoncoursepage = $mod->visible && $mod->visibleoncoursepage && $sectionvisible;
1872          $unavailable = !$mod->visible;
1873          $stealth = $mod->visible && (!$mod->visibleoncoursepage || !$sectionvisible);
1874          if ($displayedoncoursepage) {
1875              $actions['hide'] = new action_menu_link_secondary(
1876                  new moodle_url($baseurl, array('hide' => $mod->id)),
1877                  new pix_icon('t/hide', '', 'moodle', array('class' => 'iconsmall')),
1878                  $str->modhide,
1879                  array('class' => 'editing_hide', 'data-action' => 'hide')
1880              );
1881          } else if (!$displayedoncoursepage && $sectionvisible) {
1882              // Offer to "show" only if the section is visible.
1883              $actions['show'] = new action_menu_link_secondary(
1884                  new moodle_url($baseurl, array('show' => $mod->id)),
1885                  new pix_icon('t/show', '', 'moodle', array('class' => 'iconsmall')),
1886                  $str->modshow,
1887                  array('class' => 'editing_show', 'data-action' => 'show')
1888              );
1889          }
1890  
1891          if ($stealth) {
1892              // When making the "stealth" module unavailable we perform the same action as hiding the visible module.
1893              $actions['hide'] = new action_menu_link_secondary(
1894                  new moodle_url($baseurl, array('hide' => $mod->id)),
1895                  new pix_icon('t/unblock', '', 'moodle', array('class' => 'iconsmall')),
1896                  $str->makeunavailable,
1897                  array('class' => 'editing_makeunavailable', 'data-action' => 'hide', 'data-sectionreturn' => $sr)
1898              );
1899          } else if ($unavailable && (!$sectionvisible || $allowstealth) && $mod->has_view()) {
1900              // Allow to make visually hidden module available in gradebook and other reports by making it a "stealth" module.
1901              // When the section is hidden it is an equivalent of "showing" the module.
1902              // Activities without the link (i.e. labels) can not be made available but hidden on course page.
1903              $action = $sectionvisible ? 'stealth' : 'show';
1904              $actions[$action] = new action_menu_link_secondary(
1905                  new moodle_url($baseurl, array($action => $mod->id)),
1906                  new pix_icon('t/block', '', 'moodle', array('class' => 'iconsmall')),
1907                  $str->makeavailable,
1908                  array('class' => 'editing_makeavailable', 'data-action' => $action, 'data-sectionreturn' => $sr)
1909              );
1910          }
1911      }
1912  
1913      // Duplicate (require both target import caps to be able to duplicate and backup2 support, see modduplicate.php)
1914      if (has_all_capabilities($dupecaps, $coursecontext) &&
1915              plugin_supports('mod', $mod->modname, FEATURE_BACKUP_MOODLE2) &&
1916              course_allowed_module($mod->get_course(), $mod->modname)) {
1917          $actions['duplicate'] = new action_menu_link_secondary(
1918              new moodle_url($baseurl, array('duplicate' => $mod->id)),
1919              new pix_icon('t/copy', '', 'moodle', array('class' => 'iconsmall')),
1920              $str->duplicate,
1921              array('class' => 'editing_duplicate', 'data-action' => 'duplicate', 'data-sectionreturn' => $sr)
1922          );
1923      }
1924  
1925      // Groupmode.
1926      if ($hasmanageactivities && !$mod->coursegroupmodeforce) {
1927          if (plugin_supports('mod', $mod->modname, FEATURE_GROUPS, false)) {
1928              if ($mod->effectivegroupmode == SEPARATEGROUPS) {
1929                  $nextgroupmode = VISIBLEGROUPS;
1930                  $grouptitle = $str->groupsseparate;
1931                  $actionname = 'groupsseparate';
1932                  $nextactionname = 'groupsvisible';
1933                  $groupimage = 'i/groups';
1934              } else if ($mod->effectivegroupmode == VISIBLEGROUPS) {
1935                  $nextgroupmode = NOGROUPS;
1936                  $grouptitle = $str->groupsvisible;
1937                  $actionname = 'groupsvisible';
1938                  $nextactionname = 'groupsnone';
1939                  $groupimage = 'i/groupv';
1940              } else {
1941                  $nextgroupmode = SEPARATEGROUPS;
1942                  $grouptitle = $str->groupsnone;
1943                  $actionname = 'groupsnone';
1944                  $nextactionname = 'groupsseparate';
1945                  $groupimage = 'i/groupn';
1946              }
1947  
1948              $actions[$actionname] = new action_menu_link_primary(
1949                  new moodle_url($baseurl, array('id' => $mod->id, 'groupmode' => $nextgroupmode)),
1950                  new pix_icon($groupimage, '', 'moodle', array('class' => 'iconsmall')),
1951                  $grouptitle,
1952                  array('class' => 'editing_'. $actionname, 'data-action' => $nextactionname,
1953                      'aria-live' => 'assertive', 'data-sectionreturn' => $sr)
1954              );
1955          } else {
1956              $actions['nogroupsupport'] = new action_menu_filler();
1957          }
1958      }
1959  
1960      // Assign.
1961      if (has_capability('moodle/role:assign', $modcontext)){
1962          $actions['assign'] = new action_menu_link_secondary(
1963              new moodle_url('/admin/roles/assign.php', array('contextid' => $modcontext->id)),
1964              new pix_icon('t/assignroles', '', 'moodle', array('class' => 'iconsmall')),
1965              $str->assign,
1966              array('class' => 'editing_assign', 'data-action' => 'assignroles', 'data-sectionreturn' => $sr)
1967          );
1968      }
1969  
1970      // Delete.
1971      if ($hasmanageactivities) {
1972          $actions['delete'] = new action_menu_link_secondary(
1973              new moodle_url($baseurl, array('delete' => $mod->id)),
1974              new pix_icon('t/delete', '', 'moodle', array('class' => 'iconsmall')),
1975              $str->delete,
1976              array('class' => 'editing_delete', 'data-action' => 'delete', 'data-sectionreturn' => $sr)
1977          );
1978      }
1979  
1980      return $actions;
1981  }
1982  
1983  /**
1984   * Returns the move action.
1985   *
1986   * @param cm_info $mod The module to produce a move button for
1987   * @param int $sr The section to link back to (used for creating the links)
1988   * @return The markup for the move action, or an empty string if not available.
1989   */
1990  function course_get_cm_move(cm_info $mod, $sr = null) {
1991      global $OUTPUT;
1992  
1993      static $str;
1994      static $baseurl;
1995  
1996      $modcontext = context_module::instance($mod->id);
1997      $hasmanageactivities = has_capability('moodle/course:manageactivities', $modcontext);
1998  
1999      if (!isset($str)) {
2000          $str = get_strings(array('move'));
2001      }
2002  
2003      if (!isset($baseurl)) {
2004          $baseurl = new moodle_url('/course/mod.php', array('sesskey' => sesskey()));
2005  
2006          if ($sr !== null) {
2007              $baseurl->param('sr', $sr);
2008          }
2009      }
2010  
2011      if ($hasmanageactivities) {
2012          $pixicon = 'i/dragdrop';
2013  
2014          if (!course_ajax_enabled($mod->get_course())) {
2015              // Override for course frontpage until we get drag/drop working there.
2016              $pixicon = 't/move';
2017          }
2018  
2019          $attributes = [
2020              'class' => 'editing_move',
2021              'data-action' => 'move',
2022              'data-sectionreturn' => $sr,
2023              'title' => $str->move,
2024              'aria-label' => $str->move,
2025          ];
2026          return html_writer::link(
2027              new moodle_url($baseurl, ['copy' => $mod->id]),
2028              $OUTPUT->pix_icon($pixicon, '', 'moodle', ['class' => 'iconsmall']),
2029              $attributes
2030          );
2031      }
2032      return '';
2033  }
2034  
2035  /**
2036   * given a course object with shortname & fullname, this function will
2037   * truncate the the number of chars allowed and add ... if it was too long
2038   */
2039  function course_format_name ($course,$max=100) {
2040  
2041      $context = context_course::instance($course->id);
2042      $shortname = format_string($course->shortname, true, array('context' => $context));
2043      $fullname = format_string($course->fullname, true, array('context' => context_course::instance($course->id)));
2044      $str = $shortname.': '. $fullname;
2045      if (core_text::strlen($str) <= $max) {
2046          return $str;
2047      }
2048      else {
2049          return core_text::substr($str,0,$max-3).'...';
2050      }
2051  }
2052  
2053  /**
2054   * Is the user allowed to add this type of module to this course?
2055   * @param object $course the course settings. Only $course->id is used.
2056   * @param string $modname the module name. E.g. 'forum' or 'quiz'.
2057   * @param \stdClass $user the user to check, defaults to the global user if not provided.
2058   * @return bool whether the current user is allowed to add this type of module to this course.
2059   */
2060  function course_allowed_module($course, $modname, \stdClass $user = null) {
2061      global $USER;
2062      $user = $user ?? $USER;
2063      if (is_numeric($modname)) {
2064          throw new coding_exception('Function course_allowed_module no longer
2065                  supports numeric module ids. Please update your code to pass the module name.');
2066      }
2067  
2068      $capability = 'mod/' . $modname . ':addinstance';
2069      if (!get_capability_info($capability)) {
2070          // Debug warning that the capability does not exist, but no more than once per page.
2071          static $warned = array();
2072          $archetype = plugin_supports('mod', $modname, FEATURE_MOD_ARCHETYPE, MOD_ARCHETYPE_OTHER);
2073          if (!isset($warned[$modname]) && $archetype !== MOD_ARCHETYPE_SYSTEM) {
2074              debugging('The module ' . $modname . ' does not define the standard capability ' .
2075                      $capability , DEBUG_DEVELOPER);
2076              $warned[$modname] = 1;
2077          }
2078  
2079          // If the capability does not exist, the module can always be added.
2080          return true;
2081      }
2082  
2083      $coursecontext = context_course::instance($course->id);
2084      return has_capability($capability, $coursecontext, $user);
2085  }
2086  
2087  /**
2088   * Efficiently moves many courses around while maintaining
2089   * sortorder in order.
2090   *
2091   * @param array $courseids is an array of course ids
2092   * @param int $categoryid
2093   * @return bool success
2094   */
2095  function move_courses($courseids, $categoryid) {
2096      global $DB;
2097  
2098      if (empty($courseids)) {
2099          // Nothing to do.
2100          return false;
2101      }
2102  
2103      if (!$category = $DB->get_record('course_categories', array('id' => $categoryid))) {
2104          return false;
2105      }
2106  
2107      $courseids = array_reverse($courseids);
2108      $newparent = context_coursecat::instance($category->id);
2109      $i = 1;
2110  
2111      list($where, $params) = $DB->get_in_or_equal($courseids);
2112      $dbcourses = $DB->get_records_select('course', 'id ' . $where, $params, '', 'id, category, shortname, fullname');
2113      foreach ($dbcourses as $dbcourse) {
2114          $course = new stdClass();
2115          $course->id = $dbcourse->id;
2116          $course->timemodified = time();
2117          $course->category  = $category->id;
2118          $course->sortorder = $category->sortorder + get_max_courses_in_category() - $i++;
2119          if ($category->visible == 0) {
2120              // Hide the course when moving into hidden category, do not update the visibleold flag - we want to get
2121              // to previous state if somebody unhides the category.
2122              $course->visible = 0;
2123          }
2124  
2125          $DB->update_record('course', $course);
2126  
2127          // Update context, so it can be passed to event.
2128          $context = context_course::instance($course->id);
2129          $context->update_moved($newparent);
2130  
2131          // Trigger a course updated event.
2132          $event = \core\event\course_updated::create(array(
2133              'objectid' => $course->id,
2134              'context' => context_course::instance($course->id),
2135              'other' => array('shortname' => $dbcourse->shortname,
2136                               'fullname' => $dbcourse->fullname,
2137                               'updatedfields' => array('category' => $category->id))
2138          ));
2139          $event->set_legacy_logdata(array($course->id, 'course', 'move', 'edit.php?id=' . $course->id, $course->id));
2140          $event->trigger();
2141      }
2142      fix_course_sortorder();
2143      cache_helper::purge_by_event('changesincourse');
2144  
2145      return true;
2146  }
2147  
2148  /**
2149   * Returns the display name of the given section that the course prefers
2150   *
2151   * Implementation of this function is provided by course format
2152   * @see format_base::get_section_name()
2153   *
2154   * @param int|stdClass $courseorid The course to get the section name for (object or just course id)
2155   * @param int|stdClass $section Section object from database or just field course_sections.section
2156   * @return string Display name that the course format prefers, e.g. "Week 2"
2157   */
2158  function get_section_name($courseorid, $section) {
2159      return course_get_format($courseorid)->get_section_name($section);
2160  }
2161  
2162  /**
2163   * Tells if current course format uses sections
2164   *
2165   * @param string $format Course format ID e.g. 'weeks' $course->format
2166   * @return bool
2167   */
2168  function course_format_uses_sections($format) {
2169      $course = new stdClass();
2170      $course->format = $format;
2171      return course_get_format($course)->uses_sections();
2172  }
2173  
2174  /**
2175   * Returns the information about the ajax support in the given source format
2176   *
2177   * The returned object's property (boolean)capable indicates that
2178   * the course format supports Moodle course ajax features.
2179   *
2180   * @param string $format
2181   * @return stdClass
2182   */
2183  function course_format_ajax_support($format) {
2184      $course = new stdClass();
2185      $course->format = $format;
2186      return course_get_format($course)->supports_ajax();
2187  }
2188  
2189  /**
2190   * Can the current user delete this course?
2191   * Course creators have exception,
2192   * 1 day after the creation they can sill delete the course.
2193   * @param int $courseid
2194   * @return boolean
2195   */
2196  function can_delete_course($courseid) {
2197      global $USER;
2198  
2199      $context = context_course::instance($courseid);
2200  
2201      if (has_capability('moodle/course:delete', $context)) {
2202          return true;
2203      }
2204  
2205      // hack: now try to find out if creator created this course recently (1 day)
2206      if (!has_capability('moodle/course:create', $context)) {
2207          return false;
2208      }
2209  
2210      $since = time() - 60*60*24;
2211      $course = get_course($courseid);
2212  
2213      if ($course->timecreated < $since) {
2214          return false; // Return if the course was not created in last 24 hours.
2215      }
2216  
2217      $logmanger = get_log_manager();
2218      $readers = $logmanger->get_readers('\core\log\sql_reader');
2219      $reader = reset($readers);
2220  
2221      if (empty($reader)) {
2222          return false; // No log reader found.
2223      }
2224  
2225      // A proper reader.
2226      $select = "userid = :userid AND courseid = :courseid AND eventname = :eventname AND timecreated > :since";
2227      $params = array('userid' => $USER->id, 'since' => $since, 'courseid' => $course->id, 'eventname' => '\core\event\course_created');
2228  
2229      return (bool)$reader->get_events_select_count($select, $params);
2230  }
2231  
2232  /**
2233   * Save the Your name for 'Some role' strings.
2234   *
2235   * @param integer $courseid the id of this course.
2236   * @param array $data the data that came from the course settings form.
2237   */
2238  function save_local_role_names($courseid, $data) {
2239      global $DB;
2240      $context = context_course::instance($courseid);
2241  
2242      foreach ($data as $fieldname => $value) {
2243          if (strpos($fieldname, 'role_') !== 0) {
2244              continue;
2245          }
2246          list($ignored, $roleid) = explode('_', $fieldname);
2247  
2248          // make up our mind whether we want to delete, update or insert
2249          if (!$value) {
2250              $DB->delete_records('role_names', array('contextid' => $context->id, 'roleid' => $roleid));
2251  
2252          } else if ($rolename = $DB->get_record('role_names', array('contextid' => $context->id, 'roleid' => $roleid))) {
2253              $rolename->name = $value;
2254              $DB->update_record('role_names', $rolename);
2255  
2256          } else {
2257              $rolename = new stdClass;
2258              $rolename->contextid = $context->id;
2259              $rolename->roleid = $roleid;
2260              $rolename->name = $value;
2261              $DB->insert_record('role_names', $rolename);
2262          }
2263          // This will ensure the course contacts cache is purged..
2264          core_course_category::role_assignment_changed($roleid, $context);
2265      }
2266  }
2267  
2268  /**
2269   * Returns options to use in course overviewfiles filemanager
2270   *
2271   * @param null|stdClass|core_course_list_element|int $course either object that has 'id' property or just the course id;
2272   *     may be empty if course does not exist yet (course create form)
2273   * @return array|null array of options such as maxfiles, maxbytes, accepted_types, etc.
2274   *     or null if overviewfiles are disabled
2275   */
2276  function course_overviewfiles_options($course) {
2277      global $CFG;
2278      if (empty($CFG->courseoverviewfileslimit)) {
2279          return null;
2280      }
2281      $accepted_types = preg_split('/\s*,\s*/', trim($CFG->courseoverviewfilesext), -1, PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY);
2282      if (in_array('*', $accepted_types) || empty($accepted_types)) {
2283          $accepted_types = '*';
2284      } else {
2285          // Since config for $CFG->courseoverviewfilesext is a text box, human factor must be considered.
2286          // Make sure extensions are prefixed with dot unless they are valid typegroups
2287          foreach ($accepted_types as $i => $type) {
2288              if (substr($type, 0, 1) !== '.') {
2289                  require_once($CFG->libdir. '/filelib.php');
2290                  if (!count(file_get_typegroup('extension', $type))) {
2291                      // It does not start with dot and is not a valid typegroup, this is most likely extension.
2292                      $accepted_types[$i] = '.'. $type;
2293                      $corrected = true;
2294                  }
2295              }
2296          }
2297          if (!empty($corrected)) {
2298              set_config('courseoverviewfilesext', join(',', $accepted_types));
2299          }
2300      }
2301      $options = array(
2302          'maxfiles' => $CFG->courseoverviewfileslimit,
2303          'maxbytes' => $CFG->maxbytes,
2304          'subdirs' => 0,
2305          'accepted_types' => $accepted_types
2306      );
2307      if (!empty($course->id)) {
2308          $options['context'] = context_course::instance($course->id);
2309      } else if (is_int($course) && $course > 0) {
2310          $options['context'] = context_course::instance($course);
2311      }
2312      return $options;
2313  }
2314  
2315  /**
2316   * Create a course and either return a $course object
2317   *
2318   * Please note this functions does not verify any access control,
2319   * the calling code is responsible for all validation (usually it is the form definition).
2320   *
2321   * @param array $editoroptions course description editor options
2322   * @param object $data  - all the data needed for an entry in the 'course' table
2323   * @return object new course instance
2324   */
2325  function create_course($data, $editoroptions = NULL) {
2326      global $DB, $CFG;
2327  
2328      //check the categoryid - must be given for all new courses
2329      $category = $DB->get_record('course_categories', array('id'=>$data->category), '*', MUST_EXIST);
2330  
2331      // Check if the shortname already exists.
2332      if (!empty($data->shortname)) {
2333          if ($DB->record_exists('course', array('shortname' => $data->shortname))) {
2334              throw new moodle_exception('shortnametaken', '', '', $data->shortname);
2335          }
2336      }
2337  
2338      // Check if the idnumber already exists.
2339      if (!empty($data->idnumber)) {
2340          if ($DB->record_exists('course', array('idnumber' => $data->idnumber))) {
2341              throw new moodle_exception('courseidnumbertaken', '', '', $data->idnumber);
2342          }
2343      }
2344  
2345      if (empty($CFG->enablecourserelativedates)) {
2346          // Make sure we're not setting the relative dates mode when the setting is disabled.
2347          unset($data->relativedatesmode);
2348      }
2349  
2350      if ($errorcode = course_validate_dates((array)$data)) {
2351          throw new moodle_exception($errorcode);
2352      }
2353  
2354      // Check if timecreated is given.
2355      $data->timecreated  = !empty($data->timecreated) ? $data->timecreated : time();
2356      $data->timemodified = $data->timecreated;
2357  
2358      // place at beginning of any category
2359      $data->sortorder = 0;
2360  
2361      if ($editoroptions) {
2362          // summary text is updated later, we need context to store the files first
2363          $data->summary = '';
2364          $data->summary_format = FORMAT_HTML;
2365      }
2366  
2367      if (!isset($data->visible)) {
2368          // data not from form, add missing visibility info
2369          $data->visible = $category->visible;
2370      }
2371      $data->visibleold = $data->visible;
2372  
2373      $newcourseid = $DB->insert_record('course', $data);
2374      $context = context_course::instance($newcourseid, MUST_EXIST);
2375  
2376      if ($editoroptions) {
2377          // Save the files used in the summary editor and store
2378          $data = file_postupdate_standard_editor($data, 'summary', $editoroptions, $context, 'course', 'summary', 0);
2379          $DB->set_field('course', 'summary', $data->summary, array('id'=>$newcourseid));
2380          $DB->set_field('course', 'summaryformat', $data->summary_format, array('id'=>$newcourseid));
2381      }
2382      if ($overviewfilesoptions = course_overviewfiles_options($newcourseid)) {
2383          // Save the course overviewfiles
2384          $data = file_postupdate_standard_filemanager($data, 'overviewfiles', $overviewfilesoptions, $context, 'course', 'overviewfiles', 0);
2385      }
2386  
2387      // update course format options
2388      course_get_format($newcourseid)->update_course_format_options($data);
2389  
2390      $course = course_get_format($newcourseid)->get_course();
2391  
2392      fix_course_sortorder();
2393      // purge appropriate caches in case fix_course_sortorder() did not change anything
2394      cache_helper::purge_by_event('changesincourse');
2395  
2396      // Trigger a course created event.
2397      $event = \core\event\course_created::create(array(
2398          'objectid' => $course->id,
2399          'context' => context_course::instance($course->id),
2400          'other' => array('shortname' => $course->shortname,
2401              'fullname' => $course->fullname)
2402      ));
2403  
2404      $event->trigger();
2405  
2406      // Setup the blocks
2407      blocks_add_default_course_blocks($course);
2408  
2409      // Create default section and initial sections if specified (unless they've already been created earlier).
2410      // We do not want to call course_create_sections_if_missing() because to avoid creating course cache.
2411      $numsections = isset($data->numsections) ? $data->numsections : 0;
2412      $existingsections = $DB->get_fieldset_sql('SELECT section from {course_sections} WHERE course = ?', [$newcourseid]);
2413      $newsections = array_diff(range(0, $numsections), $existingsections);
2414      foreach ($newsections as $sectionnum) {
2415          course_create_section($newcourseid, $sectionnum, true);
2416      }
2417  
2418      // Save any custom role names.
2419      save_local_role_names($course->id, (array)$data);
2420  
2421      // set up enrolments
2422      enrol_course_updated(true, $course, $data);
2423  
2424      // Update course tags.
2425      if (isset($data->tags)) {
2426          core_tag_tag::set_item_tags('core', 'course', $course->id, context_course::instance($course->id), $data->tags);
2427      }
2428  
2429      // Save custom fields if there are any of them in the form.
2430      $handler = core_course\customfield\course_handler::create();
2431      // Make sure to set the handler's parent context first.
2432      $coursecatcontext = context_coursecat::instance($category->id);
2433      $handler->set_parent_context($coursecatcontext);
2434      // Save the custom field data.
2435      $data->id = $course->id;
2436      $handler->instance_form_save($data, true);
2437  
2438      return $course;
2439  }
2440  
2441  /**
2442   * Update a course.
2443   *
2444   * Please note this functions does not verify any access control,
2445   * the calling code is responsible for all validation (usually it is the form definition).
2446   *
2447   * @param object $data  - all the data needed for an entry in the 'course' table
2448   * @param array $editoroptions course description editor options
2449   * @return void
2450   */
2451  function update_course($data, $editoroptions = NULL) {
2452      global $DB, $CFG;
2453  
2454      // Prevent changes on front page course.
2455      if ($data->id == SITEID) {
2456          throw new moodle_exception('invalidcourse', 'error');
2457      }
2458  
2459      $oldcourse = course_get_format($data->id)->get_course();
2460      $context   = context_course::instance($oldcourse->id);
2461  
2462      // Make sure we're not changing whatever the course's relativedatesmode setting is.
2463      unset($data->relativedatesmode);
2464  
2465      // Capture the updated fields for the log data.
2466      $updatedfields = [];
2467      foreach (get_object_vars($oldcourse) as $field => $value) {
2468          if ($field == 'summary_editor') {
2469              if (($data->$field)['text'] !== $value['text']) {
2470                  // The summary might be very long, we don't wan't to fill up the log record with the full text.
2471                  $updatedfields[$field] = '(updated)';
2472              }
2473          } else if ($field == 'tags' && isset($data->tags)) {
2474              // Tags might not have the same array keys, just check the values.
2475              if (array_values($data->$field) !== array_values($value)) {
2476                  $updatedfields[$field] = $data->$field;
2477              }
2478          } else {
2479              if (isset($data->$field) && $data->$field != $value) {
2480                  $updatedfields[$field] = $data->$field;
2481              }
2482          }
2483      }
2484  
2485      $data->timemodified = time();
2486  
2487      if ($editoroptions) {
2488          $data = file_postupdate_standard_editor($data, 'summary', $editoroptions, $context, 'course', 'summary', 0);
2489      }
2490      if ($overviewfilesoptions = course_overviewfiles_options($data->id)) {
2491          $data = file_postupdate_standard_filemanager($data, 'overviewfiles', $overviewfilesoptions, $context, 'course', 'overviewfiles', 0);
2492      }
2493  
2494      // Check we don't have a duplicate shortname.
2495      if (!empty($data->shortname) && $oldcourse->shortname != $data->shortname) {
2496          if ($DB->record_exists_sql('SELECT id from {course} WHERE shortname = ? AND id <> ?', array($data->shortname, $data->id))) {
2497              throw new moodle_exception('shortnametaken', '', '', $data->shortname);
2498          }
2499      }
2500  
2501      // Check we don't have a duplicate idnumber.
2502      if (!empty($data->idnumber) && $oldcourse->idnumber != $data->idnumber) {
2503          if ($DB->record_exists_sql('SELECT id from {course} WHERE idnumber = ? AND id <> ?', array($data->idnumber, $data->id))) {
2504              throw new moodle_exception('courseidnumbertaken', '', '', $data->idnumber);
2505          }
2506      }
2507  
2508      if ($errorcode = course_validate_dates((array)$data)) {
2509          throw new moodle_exception($errorcode);
2510      }
2511  
2512      if (!isset($data->category) or empty($data->category)) {
2513          // prevent nulls and 0 in category field
2514          unset($data->category);
2515      }
2516      $changesincoursecat = $movecat = (isset($data->category) and $oldcourse->category != $data->category);
2517  
2518      if (!isset($data->visible)) {
2519          // data not from form, add missing visibility info
2520          $data->visible = $oldcourse->visible;
2521      }
2522  
2523      if ($data->visible != $oldcourse->visible) {
2524          // reset the visibleold flag when manually hiding/unhiding course
2525          $data->visibleold = $data->visible;
2526          $changesincoursecat = true;
2527      } else {
2528          if ($movecat) {
2529              $newcategory = $DB->get_record('course_categories', array('id'=>$data->category));
2530              if (empty($newcategory->visible)) {
2531                  // make sure when moving into hidden category the course is hidden automatically
2532                  $data->visible = 0;
2533              }
2534          }
2535      }
2536  
2537      // Set newsitems to 0 if format does not support announcements.
2538      if (isset($data->format)) {
2539          $newcourseformat = course_get_format((object)['format' => $data->format]);
2540          if (!$newcourseformat->supports_news()) {
2541              $data->newsitems = 0;
2542          }
2543      }
2544  
2545      // Update custom fields if there are any of them in the form.
2546      $handler = core_course\customfield\course_handler::create();
2547      $handler->instance_form_save($data);
2548  
2549      // Update with the new data
2550      $DB->update_record('course', $data);
2551      // make sure the modinfo cache is reset
2552      rebuild_course_cache($data->id);
2553  
2554      // update course format options with full course data
2555      course_get_format($data->id)->update_course_format_options($data, $oldcourse);
2556  
2557      $course = $DB->get_record('course', array('id'=>$data->id));
2558  
2559      if ($movecat) {
2560          $newparent = context_coursecat::instance($course->category);
2561          $context->update_moved($newparent);
2562      }
2563      $fixcoursesortorder = $movecat || (isset($data->sortorder) && ($oldcourse->sortorder != $data->sortorder));
2564      if ($fixcoursesortorder) {
2565          fix_course_sortorder();
2566      }
2567  
2568      // purge appropriate caches in case fix_course_sortorder() did not change anything
2569      cache_helper::purge_by_event('changesincourse');
2570      if ($changesincoursecat) {
2571          cache_helper::purge_by_event('changesincoursecat');
2572      }
2573  
2574      // Test for and remove blocks which aren't appropriate anymore
2575      blocks_remove_inappropriate($course);
2576  
2577      // Save any custom role names.
2578      save_local_role_names($course->id, $data);
2579  
2580      // update enrol settings
2581      enrol_course_updated(false, $course, $data);
2582  
2583      // Update course tags.
2584      if (isset($data->tags)) {
2585          core_tag_tag::set_item_tags('core', 'course', $course->id, context_course::instance($course->id), $data->tags);
2586      }
2587  
2588      // Trigger a course updated event.
2589      $event = \core\event\course_updated::create(array(
2590          'objectid' => $course->id,
2591          'context' => context_course::instance($course->id),
2592          'other' => array('shortname' => $course->shortname,
2593                           'fullname' => $course->fullname,
2594                           'updatedfields' => $updatedfields)
2595      ));
2596  
2597      $event->set_legacy_logdata(array($course->id, 'course', 'update', 'edit.php?id=' . $course->id, $course->id));
2598      $event->trigger();
2599  
2600      if ($oldcourse->format !== $course->format) {
2601          // Remove all options stored for the previous format
2602          // We assume that new course format migrated everything it needed watching trigger
2603          // 'course_updated' and in method format_XXX::update_course_format_options()
2604          $DB->delete_records('course_format_options',
2605                  array('courseid' => $course->id, 'format' => $oldcourse->format));
2606      }
2607  }
2608  
2609  /**
2610   * Calculate the average number of enrolled participants per course.
2611   *
2612   * This is intended for statistics purposes during the site registration. Only visible courses are taken into account.
2613   * Front page enrolments are excluded.
2614   *
2615   * @param bool $onlyactive Consider only active enrolments in enabled plugins and obey the enrolment time restrictions.
2616   * @param int $lastloginsince If specified, count only users who logged in after this timestamp.
2617   * @return float
2618   */
2619  function average_number_of_participants(bool $onlyactive = false, int $lastloginsince = null): float {
2620      global $DB;
2621  
2622      $params = [
2623          'siteid' => SITEID,
2624      ];
2625  
2626      $sql = "SELECT DISTINCT ue.userid, e.courseid
2627                FROM {user_enrolments} ue
2628                JOIN {enrol} e ON e.id = ue.enrolid
2629                JOIN {course} c ON c.id = e.courseid ";
2630  
2631      if ($onlyactive || $lastloginsince) {
2632          $sql .= "JOIN {user} u ON u.id = ue.userid ";
2633      }
2634  
2635      $sql .= "WHERE e.courseid <> :siteid
2636                 AND c.visible = 1 ";
2637  
2638      if ($onlyactive) {
2639          $sql .= "AND ue.status = :active
2640                   AND e.status = :enabled
2641                   AND ue.timestart < :now1
2642                   AND (ue.timeend = 0 OR ue.timeend > :now2) ";
2643  
2644          // Same as in the enrollib - the rounding should help caching in the database.
2645          $now = round(time(), -2);
2646  
2647          $params += [
2648              'active' => ENROL_USER_ACTIVE,
2649              'enabled' => ENROL_INSTANCE_ENABLED,
2650              'now1' => $now,
2651              'now2' => $now,
2652          ];
2653      }
2654  
2655      if ($lastloginsince) {
2656          $sql .= "AND u.lastlogin > :lastlogin ";
2657          $params['lastlogin'] = $lastloginsince;
2658      }
2659  
2660      $sql = "SELECT COUNT(*)
2661                FROM ($sql) total";
2662  
2663      $enrolmenttotal = $DB->count_records_sql($sql, $params);
2664  
2665      // Get the number of visible courses (exclude the front page).
2666      $coursetotal = $DB->count_records('course', ['visible' => 1]);
2667      $coursetotal = $coursetotal - 1;
2668  
2669      if (empty($coursetotal)) {
2670          $participantaverage = 0;
2671  
2672      } else {
2673          $participantaverage = $enrolmenttotal / $coursetotal;
2674      }
2675  
2676      return $participantaverage;
2677  }
2678  
2679  /**
2680   * Average number of course modules
2681   * @return integer
2682   */
2683  function average_number_of_courses_modules() {
2684      global $DB, $SITE;
2685  
2686      //count total of visible course module (except front page)
2687      $sql = 'SELECT COUNT(*) FROM (
2688          SELECT cm.course, cm.module
2689          FROM {course} c, {course_modules} cm
2690          WHERE c.id = cm.course
2691              AND c.id <> :siteid
2692              AND cm.visible = 1
2693              AND c.visible = 1) total';
2694      $params = array('siteid' => $SITE->id);
2695      $moduletotal = $DB->count_records_sql($sql, $params);
2696  
2697  
2698      //count total of visible courses (minus front page)
2699      $coursetotal = $DB->count_records('course', array('visible' => 1));
2700      $coursetotal = $coursetotal - 1 ;
2701  
2702      //average of course module
2703      if (empty($coursetotal)) {
2704          $coursemoduleaverage = 0;
2705      } else {
2706          $coursemoduleaverage = $moduletotal / $coursetotal;
2707      }
2708  
2709      return $coursemoduleaverage;
2710  }
2711  
2712  /**
2713   * This class pertains to course requests and contains methods associated with
2714   * create, approving, and removing course requests.
2715   *
2716   * Please note we do not allow embedded images here because there is no context
2717   * to store them with proper access control.
2718   *
2719   * @copyright 2009 Sam Hemelryk
2720   * @license   http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
2721   * @since Moodle 2.0
2722   *
2723   * @property-read int $id
2724   * @property-read string $fullname
2725   * @property-read string $shortname
2726   * @property-read string $summary
2727   * @property-read int $summaryformat
2728   * @property-read int $summarytrust
2729   * @property-read string $reason
2730   * @property-read int $requester
2731   */
2732  class course_request {
2733  
2734      /**
2735       * This is the stdClass that stores the properties for the course request
2736       * and is externally accessed through the __get magic method
2737       * @var stdClass
2738       */
2739      protected $properties;
2740  
2741      /**
2742       * An array of options for the summary editor used by course request forms.
2743       * This is initially set by {@link summary_editor_options()}
2744       * @var array
2745       * @static
2746       */
2747      protected static $summaryeditoroptions;
2748  
2749      /**
2750       * Static function to prepare the summary editor for working with a course
2751       * request.
2752       *
2753       * @static
2754       * @param null|stdClass $data Optional, an object containing the default values
2755       *                       for the form, these may be modified when preparing the
2756       *                       editor so this should be called before creating the form
2757       * @return stdClass An object that can be used to set the default values for
2758       *                   an mforms form
2759       */
2760      public static function prepare($data=null) {
2761          if ($data === null) {
2762              $data = new stdClass;
2763          }
2764          $data = file_prepare_standard_editor($data, 'summary', self::summary_editor_options());
2765          return $data;
2766      }
2767  
2768      /**
2769       * Static function to create a new course request when passed an array of properties
2770       * for it.
2771       *
2772       * This function also handles saving any files that may have been used in the editor
2773       *
2774       * @static
2775       * @param stdClass $data
2776       * @return course_request The newly created course request
2777       */
2778      public static function create($data) {
2779          global $USER, $DB, $CFG;
2780          $data->requester = $USER->id;
2781  
2782          // Setting the default category if none set.
2783          if (empty($data->category) || !empty($CFG->lockrequestcategory)) {
2784              $data->category = $CFG->defaultrequestcategory;
2785          }
2786  
2787          // Summary is a required field so copy the text over
2788          $data->summary       = $data->summary_editor['text'];
2789          $data->summaryformat = $data->summary_editor['format'];
2790  
2791          $data->id = $DB->insert_record('course_request', $data);
2792  
2793          // Create a new course_request object and return it
2794          $request = new course_request($data);
2795  
2796          // Notify the admin if required.
2797          if ($users = get_users_from_config($CFG->courserequestnotify, 'moodle/site:approvecourse')) {
2798  
2799              $a = new stdClass;
2800              $a->link = "$CFG->wwwroot/course/pending.php";
2801              $a->user = fullname($USER);
2802              $subject = get_string('courserequest');
2803              $message = get_string('courserequestnotifyemail', 'admin', $a);
2804              foreach ($users as $user) {
2805                  $request->notify($user, $USER, 'courserequested', $subject, $message);
2806              }
2807          }
2808  
2809          return $request;
2810      }
2811  
2812      /**
2813       * Returns an array of options to use with a summary editor
2814       *
2815       * @uses course_request::$summaryeditoroptions
2816       * @return array An array of options to use with the editor
2817       */
2818      public static function summary_editor_options() {
2819          global $CFG;
2820          if (self::$summaryeditoroptions === null) {
2821              self::$summaryeditoroptions = array('maxfiles' => 0, 'maxbytes'=>0);
2822          }
2823          return self::$summaryeditoroptions;
2824      }
2825  
2826      /**
2827       * Loads the properties for this course request object. Id is required and if
2828       * only id is provided then we load the rest of the properties from the database
2829       *
2830       * @param stdClass|int $properties Either an object containing properties
2831       *                      or the course_request id to load
2832       */
2833      public function __construct($properties) {
2834          global $DB;
2835          if (empty($properties->id)) {
2836              if (empty($properties)) {
2837                  throw new coding_exception('You must provide a course request id when creating a course_request object');
2838              }
2839              $id = $properties;
2840              $properties = new stdClass;
2841              $properties->id = (int)$id;
2842              unset($id);
2843          }
2844          if (empty($properties->requester)) {
2845              if (!($this->properties = $DB->get_record('course_request', array('id' => $properties->id)))) {
2846                  print_error('unknowncourserequest');
2847              }
2848          } else {
2849              $this->properties = $properties;
2850          }
2851          $this->properties->collision = null;
2852      }
2853  
2854      /**
2855       * Returns the requested property
2856       *
2857       * @param string $key
2858       * @return mixed
2859       */
2860      public function __get($key) {
2861          return $this->properties->$key;
2862      }
2863  
2864      /**
2865       * Override this to ensure empty($request->blah) calls return a reliable answer...
2866       *
2867       * This is required because we define the __get method
2868       *
2869       * @param mixed $key
2870       * @return bool True is it not empty, false otherwise
2871       */
2872      public function __isset($key) {
2873          return (!empty($this->properties->$key));
2874      }
2875  
2876      /**
2877       * Returns the user who requested this course
2878       *
2879       * Uses a static var to cache the results and cut down the number of db queries
2880       *
2881       * @staticvar array $requesters An array of cached users
2882       * @return stdClass The user who requested the course
2883       */
2884      public function get_requester() {
2885          global $DB;
2886          static $requesters= array();
2887          if (!array_key_exists($this->properties->requester, $requesters)) {
2888              $requesters[$this->properties->requester] = $DB->get_record('user', array('id'=>$this->properties->requester));
2889          }
2890          return $requesters[$this->properties->requester];
2891      }
2892  
2893      /**
2894       * Checks that the shortname used by the course does not conflict with any other
2895       * courses that exist
2896       *
2897       * @param string|null $shortnamemark The string to append to the requests shortname
2898       *                     should a conflict be found
2899       * @return bool true is there is a conflict, false otherwise
2900       */
2901      public function check_shortname_collision($shortnamemark = '[*]') {
2902          global $DB;
2903  
2904          if ($this->properties->collision !== null) {
2905              return $this->properties->collision;
2906          }
2907  
2908          if (empty($this->properties->shortname)) {
2909              debugging('Attempting to check a course request shortname before it has been set', DEBUG_DEVELOPER);
2910              $this->properties->collision = false;
2911          } else if ($DB->record_exists('course', array('shortname' => $this->properties->shortname))) {
2912              if (!empty($shortnamemark)) {
2913                  $this->properties->shortname .= ' '.$shortnamemark;
2914              }
2915              $this->properties->collision = true;
2916          } else {
2917              $this->properties->collision = false;
2918          }
2919          return $this->properties->collision;
2920      }
2921  
2922      /**
2923       * Checks user capability to approve a requested course
2924       *
2925       * If course was requested without category for some reason (might happen if $CFG->defaultrequestcategory is
2926       * misconfigured), we check capabilities 'moodle/site:approvecourse' and 'moodle/course:changecategory'.
2927       *
2928       * @return bool
2929       */
2930      public function can_approve() {
2931          global $CFG;
2932          $category = null;
2933          if ($this->properties->category) {
2934              $category = core_course_category::get($this->properties->category, IGNORE_MISSING);
2935          } else if ($CFG->defaultrequestcategory) {
2936              $category = core_course_category::get($CFG->defaultrequestcategory, IGNORE_MISSING);
2937          }
2938          if ($category) {
2939              return has_capability('moodle/site:approvecourse', $category->get_context());
2940          }
2941  
2942          // We can not determine the context where the course should be created. The approver should have
2943          // both capabilities to approve courses and change course category in the system context.
2944          return has_all_capabilities(['moodle/site:approvecourse', 'moodle/course:changecategory'], context_system::instance());
2945      }
2946  
2947      /**
2948       * Returns the category where this course request should be created
2949       *
2950       * Note that we don't check here that user has a capability to view
2951       * hidden categories if he has capabilities 'moodle/site:approvecourse' and
2952       * 'moodle/course:changecategory'
2953       *
2954       * @return core_course_category
2955       */
2956      public function get_category() {
2957          global $CFG;
2958          if ($this->properties->category && ($category = core_course_category::get($this->properties->category, IGNORE_MISSING))) {
2959              return $category;
2960          } else if ($CFG->defaultrequestcategory &&
2961                  ($category = core_course_category::get($CFG->defaultrequestcategory, IGNORE_MISSING))) {
2962              return $category;
2963          } else {
2964              return core_course_category::get_default();
2965          }
2966      }
2967  
2968      /**
2969       * This function approves the request turning it into a course
2970       *
2971       * This function converts the course request into a course, at the same time
2972       * transferring any files used in the summary to the new course and then removing
2973       * the course request and the files associated with it.
2974       *
2975       * @return int The id of the course that was created from this request
2976       */
2977      public function approve() {
2978          global $CFG, $DB, $USER;
2979  
2980          require_once($CFG->dirroot . '/backup/util/includes/restore_includes.php');
2981  
2982          $user = $DB->get_record('user', array('id' => $this->properties->requester, 'deleted'=>0), '*', MUST_EXIST);
2983  
2984          $courseconfig = get_config('moodlecourse');
2985  
2986          // Transfer appropriate settings
2987          $data = clone($this->properties);
2988          unset($data->id);
2989          unset($data->reason);
2990          unset($data->requester);
2991  
2992          // Set category
2993          $category = $this->get_category();
2994          $data->category = $category->id;
2995          // Set misc settings
2996          $data->requested = 1;
2997  
2998          // Apply course default settings
2999          $data->format             = $courseconfig->format;
3000          $data->newsitems          = $courseconfig->newsitems;
3001          $data->showgrades         = $courseconfig->showgrades;
3002          $data->showreports        = $courseconfig->showreports;
3003          $data->maxbytes           = $courseconfig->maxbytes;
3004          $data->groupmode          = $courseconfig->groupmode;
3005          $data->groupmodeforce     = $courseconfig->groupmodeforce;
3006          $data->visible            = $courseconfig->visible;
3007          $data->visibleold         = $data->visible;
3008          $data->lang               = $courseconfig->lang;
3009          $data->enablecompletion   = $courseconfig->enablecompletion;
3010          $data->numsections        = $courseconfig->numsections;
3011          $data->startdate          = usergetmidnight(time());
3012          if ($courseconfig->courseenddateenabled) {
3013              $data->enddate        = usergetmidnight(time()) + $courseconfig->courseduration;
3014          }
3015  
3016          list($data->fullname, $data->shortname) = restore_dbops::calculate_course_names(0, $data->fullname, $data->shortname);
3017  
3018          $course = create_course($data);
3019          $context = context_course::instance($course->id, MUST_EXIST);
3020  
3021          // add enrol instances
3022          if (!$DB->record_exists('enrol', array('courseid'=>$course->id, 'enrol'=>'manual'))) {
3023              if ($manual = enrol_get_plugin('manual')) {
3024                  $manual->add_default_instance($course);
3025              }
3026          }
3027  
3028          // enrol the requester as teacher if necessary
3029          if (!empty($CFG->creatornewroleid) and !is_viewing($context, $user, 'moodle/role:assign') and !is_enrolled($context, $user, 'moodle/role:assign')) {
3030              enrol_try_internal_enrol($course->id, $user->id, $CFG->creatornewroleid);
3031          }
3032  
3033          $this->delete();
3034  
3035          $a = new stdClass();
3036          $a->name = format_string($course->fullname, true, array('context' => context_course::instance($course->id)));
3037          $a->url = $CFG->wwwroot.'/course/view.php?id=' . $course->id;
3038          $this->notify($user, $USER, 'courserequestapproved', get_string('courseapprovedsubject'), get_string('courseapprovedemail2', 'moodle', $a), $course->id);
3039  
3040          return $course->id;
3041      }
3042  
3043      /**
3044       * Reject a course request
3045       *
3046       * This function rejects a course request, emailing the requesting user the
3047       * provided notice and then removing the request from the database
3048       *
3049       * @param string $notice The message to display to the user
3050       */
3051      public function reject($notice) {
3052          global $USER, $DB;
3053          $user = $DB->get_record('user', array('id' => $this->properties->requester), '*', MUST_EXIST);
3054          $this->notify($user, $USER, 'courserequestrejected', get_string('courserejectsubject'), get_string('courserejectemail', 'moodle', $notice));
3055          $this->delete();
3056      }
3057  
3058      /**
3059       * Deletes the course request and any associated files
3060       */
3061      public function delete() {
3062          global $DB;
3063          $DB->delete_records('course_request', array('id' => $this->properties->id));
3064      }
3065  
3066      /**
3067       * Send a message from one user to another using events_trigger
3068       *
3069       * @param object $touser
3070       * @param object $fromuser
3071       * @param string $name
3072       * @param string $subject
3073       * @param string $message
3074       * @param int|null $courseid
3075       */
3076      protected function notify($touser, $fromuser, $name='courserequested', $subject, $message, $courseid = null) {
3077          $eventdata = new \core\message\message();
3078          $eventdata->courseid          = empty($courseid) ? SITEID : $courseid;
3079          $eventdata->component         = 'moodle';
3080          $eventdata->name              = $name;
3081          $eventdata->userfrom          = $fromuser;
3082          $eventdata->userto            = $touser;
3083          $eventdata->subject           = $subject;
3084          $eventdata->fullmessage       = $message;
3085          $eventdata->fullmessageformat = FORMAT_PLAIN;
3086          $eventdata->fullmessagehtml   = '';
3087          $eventdata->smallmessage      = '';
3088          $eventdata->notification      = 1;
3089          message_send($eventdata);
3090      }
3091  
3092      /**
3093       * Checks if current user can request a course in this context
3094       *
3095       * @param context $context
3096       * @return bool
3097       */
3098      public static function can_request(context $context) {
3099          global $CFG;
3100          if (empty($CFG->enablecourserequests)) {
3101              return false;
3102          }
3103          if (has_capability('moodle/course:create', $context)) {
3104              return false;
3105          }
3106  
3107          if ($context instanceof context_system) {
3108              $defaultcontext = context_coursecat::instance($CFG->defaultrequestcategory, IGNORE_MISSING);
3109              return $defaultcontext &&
3110                  has_capability('moodle/course:request', $defaultcontext);
3111          } else if ($context instanceof context_coursecat) {
3112              if (!$CFG->lockrequestcategory || $CFG->defaultrequestcategory == $context->instanceid) {
3113                  return has_capability('moodle/course:request', $context);
3114              }
3115          }
3116          return false;
3117      }
3118  }
3119  
3120  /**
3121   * Return a list of page types
3122   * @param string $pagetype current page type
3123   * @param context $parentcontext Block's parent context
3124   * @param context $currentcontext Current context of block
3125   * @return array array of page types
3126   */
3127  function course_page_type_list($pagetype, $parentcontext, $currentcontext) {
3128      if ($pagetype === 'course-index' || $pagetype === 'course-index-category') {
3129          // For courses and categories browsing pages (/course/index.php) add option to show on ANY category page
3130          $pagetypes = array('*' => get_string('page-x', 'pagetype'),
3131              'course-index-*' => get_string('page-course-index-x', 'pagetype'),
3132          );
3133      } else if ($currentcontext && (!($coursecontext = $currentcontext->get_course_context(false)) || $coursecontext->instanceid == SITEID)) {
3134          // We know for sure that despite pagetype starts with 'course-' this is not a page in course context (i.e. /course/search.php, etc.)
3135          $pagetypes = array('*' => get_string('page-x', 'pagetype'));
3136      } else {
3137          // Otherwise consider it a page inside a course even if $currentcontext is null
3138          $pagetypes = array('*' => get_string('page-x', 'pagetype'),
3139              'course-*' => get_string('page-course-x', 'pagetype'),
3140              'course-view-*' => get_string('page-course-view-x', 'pagetype')
3141          );
3142      }
3143      return $pagetypes;
3144  }
3145  
3146  /**
3147   * Determine whether course ajax should be enabled for the specified course
3148   *
3149   * @param stdClass $course The course to test against
3150   * @return boolean Whether course ajax is enabled or note
3151   */
3152  function course_ajax_enabled($course) {
3153      global $CFG, $PAGE, $SITE;
3154  
3155      // The user must be editing for AJAX to be included
3156      if (!$PAGE->user_is_editing()) {
3157          return false;
3158      }
3159  
3160      // Check that the theme suports
3161      if (!$PAGE->theme->enablecourseajax) {
3162          return false;
3163      }
3164  
3165      // Check that the course format supports ajax functionality
3166      // The site 'format' doesn't have information on course format support
3167      if ($SITE->id !== $course->id) {
3168          $courseformatajaxsupport = course_format_ajax_support($course->format);
3169          if (!$courseformatajaxsupport->capable) {
3170              return false;
3171          }
3172      }
3173  
3174      // All conditions have been met so course ajax should be enabled
3175      return true;
3176  }
3177  
3178  /**
3179   * Include the relevant javascript and language strings for the resource
3180   * toolbox YUI module
3181   *
3182   * @param integer $id The ID of the course being applied to
3183   * @param array $usedmodules An array containing the names of the modules in use on the page
3184   * @param array $enabledmodules An array containing the names of the enabled (visible) modules on this site
3185   * @param stdClass $config An object containing configuration parameters for ajax modules including:
3186   *          * resourceurl   The URL to post changes to for resource changes
3187   *          * sectionurl    The URL to post changes to for section changes
3188   *          * pageparams    Additional parameters to pass through in the post
3189   * @return bool
3190   */
3191  function include_course_ajax($course, $usedmodules = array(), $enabledmodules = null, $config = null) {
3192      global $CFG, $PAGE, $SITE;
3193  
3194      // Ensure that ajax should be included
3195      if (!course_ajax_enabled($course)) {
3196          return false;
3197      }
3198  
3199      if (!$config) {
3200          $config = new stdClass();
3201      }
3202  
3203      // The URL to use for resource changes
3204      if (!isset($config->resourceurl)) {
3205          $config->resourceurl = '/course/rest.php';
3206      }
3207  
3208      // The URL to use for section changes
3209      if (!isset($config->sectionurl)) {
3210          $config->sectionurl = '/course/rest.php';
3211      }
3212  
3213      // Any additional parameters which need to be included on page submission
3214      if (!isset($config->pageparams)) {
3215          $config->pageparams = array();
3216      }
3217  
3218      // Include course dragdrop
3219      if (course_format_uses_sections($course->format)) {
3220          $PAGE->requires->yui_module('moodle-course-dragdrop', 'M.course.init_section_dragdrop',
3221              array(array(
3222                  'courseid' => $course->id,
3223                  'ajaxurl' => $config->sectionurl,
3224                  'config' => $config,
3225              )), null, true);
3226  
3227          $PAGE->requires->yui_module('moodle-course-dragdrop', 'M.course.init_resource_dragdrop',
3228              array(array(
3229                  'courseid' => $course->id,
3230                  'ajaxurl' => $config->resourceurl,
3231                  'config' => $config,
3232              )), null, true);
3233      }
3234  
3235      // Require various strings for the command toolbox
3236      $PAGE->requires->strings_for_js(array(
3237              'moveleft',
3238              'deletechecktype',
3239              'deletechecktypename',
3240              'edittitle',
3241              'edittitleinstructions',
3242              'show',
3243              'hide',
3244              'highlight',
3245              'highlightoff',
3246              'groupsnone',
3247              'groupsvisible',
3248              'groupsseparate',
3249              'clicktochangeinbrackets',
3250              'markthistopic',
3251              'markedthistopic',
3252              'movesection',
3253              'movecoursemodule',
3254              'movecoursesection',
3255              'movecontent',
3256              'tocontent',
3257              'emptydragdropregion',
3258              'afterresource',
3259              'aftersection',
3260              'totopofsection',
3261          ), 'moodle');
3262  
3263      // Include section-specific strings for formats which support sections.
3264      if (course_format_uses_sections($course->format)) {
3265          $PAGE->requires->strings_for_js(array(
3266                  'showfromothers',
3267                  'hidefromothers',
3268              ), 'format_' . $course->format);
3269      }
3270  
3271      // For confirming resource deletion we need the name of the module in question
3272      foreach ($usedmodules as $module => $modname) {
3273          $PAGE->requires->string_for_js('pluginname', $module);
3274      }
3275  
3276      // Load drag and drop upload AJAX.
3277      require_once($CFG->dirroot.'/course/dnduploadlib.php');
3278      dndupload_add_to_course($course, $enabledmodules);
3279  
3280      $PAGE->requires->js_call_amd('core_course/actions', 'initCoursePage', array($course->format));
3281  
3282      return true;
3283  }
3284  
3285  /**
3286   * Returns the sorted list of available course formats, filtered by enabled if necessary
3287   *
3288   * @param bool $enabledonly return only formats that are enabled
3289   * @return array array of sorted format names
3290   */
3291  function get_sorted_course_formats($enabledonly = false) {
3292      global $CFG;
3293      $formats = core_component::get_plugin_list('format');
3294  
3295      if (!empty($CFG->format_plugins_sortorder)) {
3296          $order = explode(',', $CFG->format_plugins_sortorder);
3297          $order = array_merge(array_intersect($order, array_keys($formats)),
3298                      array_diff(array_keys($formats), $order));
3299      } else {
3300          $order = array_keys($formats);
3301      }
3302      if (!$enabledonly) {
3303          return $order;
3304      }
3305      $sortedformats = array();
3306      foreach ($order as $formatname) {
3307          if (!get_config('format_'.$formatname, 'disabled')) {
3308              $sortedformats[] = $formatname;
3309          }
3310      }
3311      return $sortedformats;
3312  }
3313  
3314  /**
3315   * The URL to use for the specified course (with section)
3316   *
3317   * @param int|stdClass $courseorid The course to get the section name for (either object or just course id)
3318   * @param int|stdClass $section Section object from database or just field course_sections.section
3319   *     if omitted the course view page is returned
3320   * @param array $options options for view URL. At the moment core uses:
3321   *     'navigation' (bool) if true and section has no separate page, the function returns null
3322   *     'sr' (int) used by multipage formats to specify to which section to return
3323   * @return moodle_url The url of course
3324   */
3325  function course_get_url($courseorid, $section = null, $options = array()) {
3326      return course_get_format($courseorid)->get_view_url($section, $options);
3327  }
3328  
3329  /**
3330   * Create a module.
3331   *
3332   * It includes:
3333   *      - capability checks and other checks
3334   *      - create the module from the module info
3335   *
3336   * @param object $module
3337   * @return object the created module info
3338   * @throws moodle_exception if user is not allowed to perform the action or module is not allowed in this course
3339   */
3340  function create_module($moduleinfo) {
3341      global $DB, $CFG;
3342  
3343      require_once($CFG->dirroot . '/course/modlib.php');
3344  
3345      // Check manadatory attributs.
3346      $mandatoryfields = array('modulename', 'course', 'section', 'visible');
3347      if (plugin_supports('mod', $moduleinfo->modulename, FEATURE_MOD_INTRO, true)) {
3348          $mandatoryfields[] = 'introeditor';
3349      }
3350      foreach($mandatoryfields as $mandatoryfield) {
3351          if (!isset($moduleinfo->{$mandatoryfield})) {
3352              throw new moodle_exception('createmodulemissingattribut', '', '', $mandatoryfield);
3353          }
3354      }
3355  
3356      // Some additional checks (capability / existing instances).
3357      $course = $DB->get_record('course', array('id'=>$moduleinfo->course), '*', MUST_EXIST);
3358      list($module, $context, $cw) = can_add_moduleinfo($course, $moduleinfo->modulename, $moduleinfo->section);
3359  
3360      // Add the module.
3361      $moduleinfo->module = $module->id;
3362      $moduleinfo = add_moduleinfo($moduleinfo, $course, null);
3363  
3364      return $moduleinfo;
3365  }
3366  
3367  /**
3368   * Update a module.
3369   *
3370   * It includes:
3371   *      - capability and other checks
3372   *      - update the module
3373   *
3374   * @param object $module
3375   * @return object the updated module info
3376   * @throws moodle_exception if current user is not allowed to update the module
3377   */
3378  function update_module($moduleinfo) {
3379      global $DB, $CFG;
3380  
3381      require_once($CFG->dirroot . '/course/modlib.php');
3382  
3383      // Check the course module exists.
3384      $cm = get_coursemodule_from_id('', $moduleinfo->coursemodule, 0, false, MUST_EXIST);
3385  
3386      // Check the course exists.
3387      $course = $DB->get_record('course', array('id'=>$cm->course), '*', MUST_EXIST);
3388  
3389      // Some checks (capaibility / existing instances).
3390      list($cm, $context, $module, $data, $cw) = can_update_moduleinfo($cm);
3391  
3392      // Retrieve few information needed by update_moduleinfo.
3393      $moduleinfo->modulename = $cm->modname;
3394      if (!isset($moduleinfo->scale)) {
3395          $moduleinfo->scale = 0;
3396      }
3397      $moduleinfo->type = 'mod';
3398  
3399      // Update the module.
3400      list($cm, $moduleinfo) = update_moduleinfo($cm, $moduleinfo, $course, null);
3401  
3402      return $moduleinfo;
3403  }
3404  
3405  /**
3406   * Duplicate a module on the course for ajax.
3407   *
3408   * @see mod_duplicate_module()
3409   * @param object $course The course
3410   * @param object $cm The course module to duplicate
3411   * @param int $sr The section to link back to (used for creating the links)
3412   * @throws moodle_exception if the plugin doesn't support duplication
3413   * @return Object containing:
3414   * - fullcontent: The HTML markup for the created CM
3415   * - cmid: The CMID of the newly created CM
3416   * - redirect: Whether to trigger a redirect following this change
3417   */
3418  function mod_duplicate_activity($course, $cm, $sr = null) {
3419      global $PAGE;
3420  
3421      $newcm = duplicate_module($course, $cm);
3422  
3423      $resp = new stdClass();
3424      if ($newcm) {
3425          $courserenderer = $PAGE->get_renderer('core', 'course');
3426          $completioninfo = new completion_info($course);
3427          $modulehtml = $courserenderer->course_section_cm($course, $completioninfo,
3428                  $newcm, null, array());
3429  
3430          $resp->fullcontent = $courserenderer->course_section_cm_list_item($course, $completioninfo, $newcm, $sr);
3431          $resp->cmid = $newcm->id;
3432      } else {
3433          // Trigger a redirect.
3434          $resp->redirect = true;
3435      }
3436      return $resp;
3437  }
3438  
3439  /**
3440   * Api to duplicate a module.
3441   *
3442   * @param object $course course object.
3443   * @param object $cm course module object to be duplicated.
3444   * @since Moodle 2.8
3445   *
3446   * @throws Exception
3447   * @throws coding_exception
3448   * @throws moodle_exception
3449   * @throws restore_controller_exception
3450   *
3451   * @return cm_info|null cminfo object if we sucessfully duplicated the mod and found the new cm.
3452   */
3453  function duplicate_module($course, $cm) {
3454      global $CFG, $DB, $USER;
3455      require_once($CFG->dirroot . '/backup/util/includes/backup_includes.php');
3456      require_once($CFG->dirroot . '/backup/util/includes/restore_includes.php');
3457      require_once($CFG->libdir . '/filelib.php');
3458  
3459      $a          = new stdClass();
3460      $a->modtype = get_string('modulename', $cm->modname);
3461      $a->modname = format_string($cm->name);
3462  
3463      if (!plugin_supports('mod', $cm->modname, FEATURE_BACKUP_MOODLE2)) {
3464          throw new moodle_exception('duplicatenosupport', 'error', '', $a);
3465      }
3466  
3467      // Backup the activity.
3468  
3469      $bc = new backup_controller(backup::TYPE_1ACTIVITY, $cm->id, backup::FORMAT_MOODLE,
3470              backup::INTERACTIVE_NO, backup::MODE_IMPORT, $USER->id);
3471  
3472      $backupid       = $bc->get_backupid();
3473      $backupbasepath = $bc->get_plan()->get_basepath();
3474  
3475      $bc->execute_plan();
3476  
3477      $bc->destroy();
3478  
3479      // Restore the backup immediately.
3480  
3481      $rc = new restore_controller($backupid, $course->id,
3482              backup::INTERACTIVE_NO, backup::MODE_IMPORT, $USER->id, backup::TARGET_CURRENT_ADDING);
3483  
3484      // Make sure that the restore_general_groups setting is always enabled when duplicating an activity.
3485      $plan = $rc->get_plan();
3486      $groupsetting = $plan->get_setting('groups');
3487      if (empty($groupsetting->get_value())) {
3488          $groupsetting->set_value(true);
3489      }
3490  
3491      $cmcontext = context_module::instance($cm->id);
3492      if (!$rc->execute_precheck()) {
3493          $precheckresults = $rc->get_precheck_results();
3494          if (is_array($precheckresults) && !empty($precheckresults['errors'])) {
3495              if (empty($CFG->keeptempdirectoriesonbackup)) {
3496                  fulldelete($backupbasepath);
3497              }
3498          }
3499      }
3500  
3501      $rc->execute_plan();
3502  
3503      // Now a bit hacky part follows - we try to get the cmid of the newly
3504      // restored copy of the module.
3505      $newcmid = null;
3506      $tasks = $rc->get_plan()->get_tasks();
3507      foreach ($tasks as $task) {
3508          if (is_subclass_of($task, 'restore_activity_task')) {
3509              if ($task->get_old_contextid() == $cmcontext->id) {
3510                  $newcmid = $task->get_moduleid();
3511                  break;
3512              }
3513          }
3514      }
3515  
3516      $rc->destroy();
3517  
3518      if (empty($CFG->keeptempdirectoriesonbackup)) {
3519          fulldelete($backupbasepath);
3520      }
3521  
3522      // If we know the cmid of the new course module, let us move it
3523      // right below the original one. otherwise it will stay at the
3524      // end of the section.
3525      if ($newcmid) {
3526          // Proceed with activity renaming before everything else. We don't use APIs here to avoid
3527          // triggering a lot of create/update duplicated events.
3528          $newcm = get_coursemodule_from_id($cm->modname, $newcmid, $cm->course);
3529          // Add ' (copy)' to duplicates. Note we don't cleanup or validate lengths here. It comes
3530          // from original name that was valid, so the copy should be too.
3531          $newname = get_string('duplicatedmodule', 'moodle', $newcm->name);
3532          $DB->set_field($cm->modname, 'name', $newname, ['id' => $newcm->instance]);
3533  
3534          $section = $DB->get_record('course_sections', array('id' => $cm->section, 'course' => $cm->course));
3535          $modarray = explode(",", trim($section->sequence));
3536          $cmindex = array_search($cm->id, $modarray);
3537          if ($cmindex !== false && $cmindex < count($modarray) - 1) {
3538              moveto_module($newcm, $section, $modarray[$cmindex + 1]);
3539          }
3540  
3541          // Update calendar events with the duplicated module.
3542          // The following line is to be removed in MDL-58906.
3543          course_module_update_calendar_events($newcm->modname, null, $newcm);
3544  
3545          // Trigger course module created event. We can trigger the event only if we know the newcmid.
3546          $newcm = get_fast_modinfo($cm->course)->get_cm($newcmid);
3547          $event = \core\event\course_module_created::create_from_cm($newcm);
3548          $event->trigger();
3549      }
3550  
3551      return isset($newcm) ? $newcm : null;
3552  }
3553  
3554  /**
3555   * Compare two objects to find out their correct order based on timestamp (to be used by usort).
3556   * Sorts by descending order of time.
3557   *
3558   * @param stdClass $a First object
3559   * @param stdClass $b Second object
3560   * @return int 0,1,-1 representing the order
3561   */
3562  function compare_activities_by_time_desc($a, $b) {
3563      // Make sure the activities actually have a timestamp property.
3564      if ((!property_exists($a, 'timestamp')) && (!property_exists($b, 'timestamp'))) {
3565          return 0;
3566      }
3567      // We treat instances without timestamp as if they have a timestamp of 0.
3568      if ((!property_exists($a, 'timestamp')) && (property_exists($b,'timestamp'))) {
3569          return 1;
3570      }
3571      if ((property_exists($a, 'timestamp')) && (!property_exists($b, 'timestamp'))) {
3572          return -1;
3573      }
3574      if ($a->timestamp == $b->timestamp) {
3575          return 0;
3576      }
3577      return ($a->timestamp > $b->timestamp) ? -1 : 1;
3578  }
3579  
3580  /**
3581   * Compare two objects to find out their correct order based on timestamp (to be used by usort).
3582   * Sorts by ascending order of time.
3583   *
3584   * @param stdClass $a First object
3585   * @param stdClass $b Second object
3586   * @return int 0,1,-1 representing the order
3587   */
3588  function compare_activities_by_time_asc($a, $b) {
3589      // Make sure the activities actually have a timestamp property.
3590      if ((!property_exists($a, 'timestamp')) && (!property_exists($b, 'timestamp'))) {
3591        return 0;
3592      }
3593      // We treat instances without timestamp as if they have a timestamp of 0.
3594      if ((!property_exists($a, 'timestamp')) && (property_exists($b, 'timestamp'))) {
3595          return -1;
3596      }
3597      if ((property_exists($a, 'timestamp')) && (!property_exists($b, 'timestamp'))) {
3598          return 1;
3599      }
3600      if ($a->timestamp == $b->timestamp) {
3601          return 0;
3602      }
3603      return ($a->timestamp < $b->timestamp) ? -1 : 1;
3604  }
3605  
3606  /**
3607   * Changes the visibility of a course.
3608   *
3609   * @param int $courseid The course to change.
3610   * @param bool $show True to make it visible, false otherwise.
3611   * @return bool
3612   */
3613  function course_change_visibility($courseid, $show = true) {
3614      $course = new stdClass;
3615      $course->id = $courseid;
3616      $course->visible = ($show) ? '1' : '0';
3617      $course->visibleold = $course->visible;
3618      update_course($course);
3619      return true;
3620  }
3621  
3622  /**
3623   * Changes the course sortorder by one, moving it up or down one in respect to sort order.
3624   *
3625   * @param stdClass|core_course_list_element $course
3626   * @param bool $up If set to true the course will be moved up one. Otherwise down one.
3627   * @return bool
3628   */
3629  function course_change_sortorder_by_one($course, $up) {
3630      global $DB;
3631      $params = array($course->sortorder, $course->category);
3632      if ($up) {
3633          $select = 'sortorder < ? AND category = ?';
3634          $sort = 'sortorder DESC';
3635      } else {
3636          $select = 'sortorder > ? AND category = ?';
3637          $sort = 'sortorder ASC';
3638      }
3639      fix_course_sortorder();
3640      $swapcourse = $DB->get_records_select('course', $select, $params, $sort, '*', 0, 1);
3641      if ($swapcourse) {
3642          $swapcourse = reset($swapcourse);
3643          $DB->set_field('course', 'sortorder', $swapcourse->sortorder, array('id' => $course->id));
3644          $DB->set_field('course', 'sortorder', $course->sortorder, array('id' => $swapcourse->id));
3645          // Finally reorder courses.
3646          fix_course_sortorder();
3647          cache_helper::purge_by_event('changesincourse');
3648          return true;
3649      }
3650      return false;
3651  }
3652  
3653  /**
3654   * Changes the sort order of courses in a category so that the first course appears after the second.
3655   *
3656   * @param int|stdClass $courseorid The course to focus on.
3657   * @param int $moveaftercourseid The course to shifter after or 0 if you want it to be the first course in the category.
3658   * @return bool
3659   */
3660  function course_change_sortorder_after_course($courseorid, $moveaftercourseid) {
3661      global $DB;
3662  
3663      if (!is_object($courseorid)) {
3664          $course = get_course($courseorid);
3665      } else {
3666          $course = $courseorid;
3667      }
3668  
3669      if ((int)$moveaftercourseid === 0) {
3670          // We've moving the course to the start of the queue.
3671          $sql = 'SELECT sortorder
3672                        FROM {course}
3673                       WHERE category = :categoryid
3674                    ORDER BY sortorder';
3675          $params = array(
3676              'categoryid' => $course->category
3677          );
3678          $sortorder = $DB->get_field_sql($sql, $params, IGNORE_MULTIPLE);
3679  
3680          $sql = 'UPDATE {course}
3681                     SET sortorder = sortorder + 1
3682                   WHERE category = :categoryid
3683                     AND id <> :id';
3684          $params = array(
3685              'categoryid' => $course->category,
3686              'id' => $course->id,
3687          );
3688          $DB->execute($sql, $params);
3689          $DB->set_field('course', 'sortorder', $sortorder, array('id' => $course->id));
3690      } else if ($course->id === $moveaftercourseid) {
3691          // They're the same - moronic.
3692          debugging("Invalid move after course given.", DEBUG_DEVELOPER);
3693          return false;
3694      } else {
3695          // Moving this course after the given course. It could be before it could be after.
3696          $moveaftercourse = get_course($moveaftercourseid);
3697          if ($course->category !== $moveaftercourse->category) {
3698              debugging("Cannot re-order courses. The given courses do not belong to the same category.", DEBUG_DEVELOPER);
3699              return false;
3700          }
3701          // Increment all courses in the same category that are ordered after the moveafter course.
3702          // This makes a space for the course we're moving.
3703          $sql = 'UPDATE {course}
3704                         SET sortorder = sortorder + 1
3705                       WHERE category = :categoryid
3706                         AND sortorder > :sortorder';
3707          $params = array(
3708              'categoryid' => $moveaftercourse->category,
3709              'sortorder' => $moveaftercourse->sortorder
3710          );
3711          $DB->execute($sql, $params);
3712          $DB->set_field('course', 'sortorder', $moveaftercourse->sortorder + 1, array('id' => $course->id));
3713      }
3714      fix_course_sortorder();
3715      cache_helper::purge_by_event('changesincourse');
3716      return true;
3717  }
3718  
3719  /**
3720   * Trigger course viewed event. This API function is used when course view actions happens,
3721   * usually in course/view.php but also in external functions.
3722   *
3723   * @param stdClass  $context course context object
3724   * @param int $sectionnumber section number
3725   * @since Moodle 2.9
3726   */
3727  function course_view($context, $sectionnumber = 0) {
3728  
3729      $eventdata = array('context' => $context);
3730  
3731      if (!empty($sectionnumber)) {
3732          $eventdata['other']['coursesectionnumber'] = $sectionnumber;
3733      }
3734  
3735      $event = \core\event\course_viewed::create($eventdata);
3736      $event->trigger();
3737  
3738      user_accesstime_log($context->instanceid);
3739  }
3740  
3741  /**
3742   * Returns courses tagged with a specified tag.
3743   *
3744   * @param core_tag_tag $tag
3745   * @param bool $exclusivemode if set to true it means that no other entities tagged with this tag
3746   *             are displayed on the page and the per-page limit may be bigger
3747   * @param int $fromctx context id where the link was displayed, may be used by callbacks
3748   *            to display items in the same context first
3749   * @param int $ctx context id where to search for records
3750   * @param bool $rec search in subcontexts as well
3751   * @param int $page 0-based number of page being displayed
3752   * @return \core_tag\output\tagindex
3753   */
3754  function course_get_tagged_courses($tag, $exclusivemode = false, $fromctx = 0, $ctx = 0, $rec = 1, $page = 0) {
3755      global $CFG, $PAGE;
3756  
3757      $perpage = $exclusivemode ? $CFG->coursesperpage : 5;
3758      $displayoptions = array(
3759          'limit' => $perpage,
3760          'offset' => $page * $perpage,
3761          'viewmoreurl' => null,
3762      );
3763  
3764      $courserenderer = $PAGE->get_renderer('core', 'course');
3765      $totalcount = core_course_category::search_courses_count(array('tagid' => $tag->id, 'ctx' => $ctx, 'rec' => $rec));
3766      $content = $courserenderer->tagged_courses($tag->id, $exclusivemode, $ctx, $rec, $displayoptions);
3767      $totalpages = ceil($totalcount / $perpage);
3768  
3769      return new core_tag\output\tagindex($tag, 'core', 'course', $content,
3770              $exclusivemode, $fromctx, $ctx, $rec, $page, $totalpages);
3771  }
3772  
3773  /**
3774   * Implements callback inplace_editable() allowing to edit values in-place
3775   *
3776   * @param string $itemtype
3777   * @param int $itemid
3778   * @param mixed $newvalue
3779   * @return \core\output\inplace_editable
3780   */
3781  function core_course_inplace_editable($itemtype, $itemid, $newvalue) {
3782      if ($itemtype === 'activityname') {
3783          return \core_course\output\course_module_name::update($itemid, $newvalue);
3784      }
3785  }
3786  
3787  /**
3788   * This function calculates the minimum and maximum cutoff values for the timestart of
3789   * the given event.
3790   *
3791   * It will return an array with two values, the first being the minimum cutoff value and
3792   * the second being the maximum cutoff value. Either or both values can be null, which
3793   * indicates there is no minimum or maximum, respectively.
3794   *
3795   * If a cutoff is required then the function must return an array containing the cutoff
3796   * timestamp and error string to display to the user if the cutoff value is violated.
3797   *
3798   * A minimum and maximum cutoff return value will look like:
3799   * [
3800   *     [1505704373, 'The date must be after this date'],
3801   *     [1506741172, 'The date must be before this date']
3802   * ]
3803   *
3804   * @param calendar_event $event The calendar event to get the time range for
3805   * @param stdClass $course The course object to get the range from
3806   * @return array Returns an array with min and max date.
3807   */
3808  function core_course_core_calendar_get_valid_event_timestart_range(\calendar_event $event, $course) {
3809      $mindate = null;
3810      $maxdate = null;
3811  
3812      if ($course->startdate) {
3813          $mindate = [
3814              $course->startdate,
3815              get_string('errorbeforecoursestart', 'calendar')
3816          ];
3817      }
3818  
3819      return [$mindate, $maxdate];
3820  }
3821  
3822  /**
3823   * Returns course modules tagged with a specified tag ready for output on tag/index.php page
3824   *
3825   * This is a callback used by the tag area core/course_modules to search for course modules
3826   * tagged with a specific tag.
3827   *
3828   * @param core_tag_tag $tag
3829   * @param bool $exclusivemode if set to true it means that no other entities tagged with this tag
3830   *             are displayed on the page and the per-page limit may be bigger
3831   * @param int $fromcontextid context id where the link was displayed, may be used by callbacks
3832   *            to display items in the same context first
3833   * @param int $contextid context id where to search for records
3834   * @param bool $recursivecontext search in subcontexts as well
3835   * @param int $page 0-based number of page being displayed
3836   * @return \core_tag\output\tagindex
3837   */
3838  function course_get_tagged_course_modules($tag, $exclusivemode = false, $fromcontextid = 0, $contextid = 0,
3839                                            $recursivecontext = 1, $page = 0) {
3840      global $OUTPUT;
3841      $perpage = $exclusivemode ? 20 : 5;
3842  
3843      // Build select query.
3844      $ctxselect = context_helper::get_preload_record_columns_sql('ctx');
3845      $query = "SELECT cm.id AS cmid, c.id AS courseid, $ctxselect
3846                  FROM {course_modules} cm
3847                  JOIN {tag_instance} tt ON cm.id = tt.itemid
3848                  JOIN {course} c ON cm.course = c.id
3849                  JOIN {context} ctx ON ctx.instanceid = cm.id AND ctx.contextlevel = :coursemodulecontextlevel
3850                 WHERE tt.itemtype = :itemtype AND tt.tagid = :tagid AND tt.component = :component
3851                  AND cm.deletioninprogress = 0
3852                  AND c.id %COURSEFILTER% AND cm.id %ITEMFILTER%";
3853  
3854      $params = array('itemtype' => 'course_modules', 'tagid' => $tag->id, 'component' => 'core',
3855          'coursemodulecontextlevel' => CONTEXT_MODULE);
3856      if ($contextid) {
3857          $context = context::instance_by_id($contextid);
3858          $query .= $recursivecontext ? ' AND (ctx.id = :contextid OR ctx.path LIKE :path)' : ' AND ctx.id = :contextid';
3859          $params['contextid'] = $context->id;
3860          $params['path'] = $context->path.'/%';
3861      }
3862  
3863      $query .= ' ORDER BY';
3864      if ($fromcontextid) {
3865          // In order-clause specify that modules from inside "fromctx" context should be returned first.
3866          $fromcontext = context::instance_by_id($fromcontextid);
3867          $query .= ' (CASE WHEN ctx.id = :fromcontextid OR ctx.path LIKE :frompath THEN 0 ELSE 1 END),';
3868          $params['fromcontextid'] = $fromcontext->id;
3869          $params['frompath'] = $fromcontext->path.'/%';
3870      }
3871      $query .= ' c.sortorder, cm.id';
3872      $totalpages = $page + 1;
3873  
3874      // Use core_tag_index_builder to build and filter the list of items.
3875      // Request one item more than we need so we know if next page exists.
3876      $builder = new core_tag_index_builder('core', 'course_modules', $query, $params, $page * $perpage, $perpage + 1);
3877      while ($item = $builder->has_item_that_needs_access_check()) {
3878          context_helper::preload_from_record($item);
3879          $courseid = $item->courseid;
3880          if (!$builder->can_access_course($courseid)) {
3881              $builder->set_accessible($item, false);
3882              continue;
3883          }
3884          $modinfo = get_fast_modinfo($builder->get_course($courseid));
3885          // Set accessibility of this item and all other items in the same course.
3886          $builder->walk(function ($taggeditem) use ($courseid, $modinfo, $builder) {
3887              if ($taggeditem->courseid == $courseid) {
3888                  $cm = $modinfo->get_cm($taggeditem->cmid);
3889                  $builder->set_accessible($taggeditem, $cm->uservisible);
3890              }
3891          });
3892      }
3893  
3894      $items = $builder->get_items();
3895      if (count($items) > $perpage) {
3896          $totalpages = $page + 2; // We don't need exact page count, just indicate that the next page exists.
3897          array_pop($items);
3898      }
3899  
3900      // Build the display contents.
3901      if ($items) {
3902          $tagfeed = new core_tag\output\tagfeed();
3903          foreach ($items as $item) {
3904              context_helper::preload_from_record($item);
3905              $course = $builder->get_course($item->courseid);
3906              $modinfo = get_fast_modinfo($course);
3907              $cm = $modinfo->get_cm($item->cmid);
3908              $courseurl = course_get_url($item->courseid, $cm->sectionnum);
3909              $cmname = $cm->get_formatted_name();
3910              if (!$exclusivemode) {
3911                  $cmname = shorten_text($cmname, 100);
3912              }
3913              $cmname = html_writer::link($cm->url?:$courseurl, $cmname);
3914              $coursename = format_string($course->fullname, true,
3915                      array('context' => context_course::instance($item->courseid)));
3916              $coursename = html_writer::link($courseurl, $coursename);
3917              $icon = html_writer::empty_tag('img', array('src' => $cm->get_icon_url()));
3918              $tagfeed->add($icon, $cmname, $coursename);
3919          }
3920  
3921          $content = $OUTPUT->render_from_template('core_tag/tagfeed',
3922                  $tagfeed->export_for_template($OUTPUT));
3923  
3924          return new core_tag\output\tagindex($tag, 'core', 'course_modules', $content,
3925                  $exclusivemode, $fromcontextid, $contextid, $recursivecontext, $page, $totalpages);
3926      }
3927  }
3928  
3929  /**
3930   * Return an object with the list of navigation options in a course that are avaialable or not for the current user.
3931   * This function also handles the frontpage course.
3932   *
3933   * @param  stdClass $context context object (it can be a course context or the system context for frontpage settings)
3934   * @param  stdClass $course  the course where the settings are being rendered
3935   * @return stdClass          the navigation options in a course and their availability status
3936   * @since  Moodle 3.2
3937   */
3938  function course_get_user_navigation_options($context, $course = null) {
3939      global $CFG;
3940  
3941      $isloggedin = isloggedin();
3942      $isguestuser = isguestuser();
3943      $isfrontpage = $context->contextlevel == CONTEXT_SYSTEM;
3944  
3945      if ($isfrontpage) {
3946          $sitecontext = $context;
3947      } else {
3948          $sitecontext = context_system::instance();
3949      }
3950  
3951      // Sets defaults for all options.
3952      $options = (object) [
3953          'badges' => false,
3954          'blogs' => false,
3955          'calendar' => false,
3956          'competencies' => false,
3957          'grades' => false,
3958          'notes' => false,
3959          'participants' => false,
3960          'search' => false,
3961          'tags' => false,
3962      ];
3963  
3964      $options->blogs = !empty($CFG->enableblogs) &&
3965                          ($CFG->bloglevel == BLOG_GLOBAL_LEVEL ||
3966                          ($CFG->bloglevel == BLOG_SITE_LEVEL and ($isloggedin and !$isguestuser)))
3967                          && has_capability('moodle/blog:view', $sitecontext);
3968  
3969      $options->notes = !empty($CFG->enablenotes) && has_any_capability(array('moodle/notes:manage', 'moodle/notes:view'), $context);
3970  
3971      // Frontpage settings?
3972      if ($isfrontpage) {
3973          // We are on the front page, so make sure we use the proper capability (site:viewparticipants).
3974          $options->participants = course_can_view_participants($sitecontext);
3975          $options->badges = !empty($CFG->enablebadges) && has_capability('moodle/badges:viewbadges', $sitecontext);
3976          $options->tags = !empty($CFG->usetags) && $isloggedin;
3977          $options->search = !empty($CFG->enableglobalsearch) && has_capability('moodle/search:query', $sitecontext);
3978          $options->calendar = $isloggedin;
3979      } else {
3980          // We are in a course, so make sure we use the proper capability (course:viewparticipants).
3981          $options->participants = course_can_view_participants($context);
3982          $options->badges = !empty($CFG->enablebadges) && !empty($CFG->badges_allowcoursebadges) &&
3983                              has_capability('moodle/badges:viewbadges', $context);
3984          // Add view grade report is permitted.
3985          $grades = false;
3986  
3987          if (has_capability('moodle/grade:viewall', $context)) {
3988              $grades = true;
3989          } else if (!empty($course->showgrades)) {
3990              $reports = core_component::get_plugin_list('gradereport');
3991              if (is_array($reports) && count($reports) > 0) {  // Get all installed reports.
3992                  arsort($reports);   // User is last, we want to test it first.
3993                  foreach ($reports as $plugin => $plugindir) {
3994                      if (has_capability('gradereport/'.$plugin.':view', $context)) {
3995                          // Stop when the first visible plugin is found.
3996                          $grades = true;
3997                          break;
3998                      }
3999                  }
4000              }
4001          }
4002          $options->grades = $grades;
4003      }
4004  
4005      if (\core_competency\api::is_enabled()) {
4006          $capabilities = array('moodle/competency:coursecompetencyview', 'moodle/competency:coursecompetencymanage');
4007          $options->competencies = has_any_capability($capabilities, $context);
4008      }
4009      return $options;
4010  }
4011  
4012  /**
4013   * Return an object with the list of administration options in a course that are available or not for the current user.
4014   * This function also handles the frontpage settings.
4015   *
4016   * @param  stdClass $course  course object (for frontpage it should be a clone of $SITE)
4017   * @param  stdClass $context context object (course context)
4018   * @return stdClass          the administration options in a course and their availability status
4019   * @since  Moodle 3.2
4020   */
4021  function course_get_user_administration_options($course, $context) {
4022      global $CFG;
4023      $isfrontpage = $course->id == SITEID;
4024      $completionenabled = $CFG->enablecompletion && $course->enablecompletion;
4025      $hascompletiontabs = count(core_completion\manager::get_available_completion_tabs($course, $context)) > 0;
4026      $options = new stdClass;
4027      $options->update = has_capability('moodle/course:update', $context);
4028      $options->editcompletion = $CFG->enablecompletion &&
4029                                 $course->enablecompletion &&
4030                                 ($options->update || $hascompletiontabs);
4031      $options->filters = has_capability('moodle/filter:manage', $context) &&
4032                          count(filter_get_available_in_context($context)) > 0;
4033      $options->reports = has_capability('moodle/site:viewreports', $context);
4034      $options->backup = has_capability('moodle/backup:backupcourse', $context);
4035      $options->restore = has_capability('moodle/restore:restorecourse', $context);
4036      $options->copy = \core_course\management\helper::can_copy_course($course->id);
4037      $options->files = ($course->legacyfiles == 2 && has_capability('moodle/course:managefiles', $context));
4038  
4039      if (!$isfrontpage) {
4040          $options->tags = has_capability('moodle/course:tag', $context);
4041          $options->gradebook = has_capability('moodle/grade:manage', $context);
4042          $options->outcomes = !empty($CFG->enableoutcomes) && has_capability('moodle/course:update', $context);
4043          $options->badges = !empty($CFG->enablebadges);
4044          $options->import = has_capability('moodle/restore:restoretargetimport', $context);
4045          $options->reset = has_capability('moodle/course:reset', $context);
4046          $options->roles = has_capability('moodle/role:switchroles', $context);
4047      } else {
4048          // Set default options to false.
4049          $listofoptions = array('tags', 'gradebook', 'outcomes', 'badges', 'import', 'publish', 'reset', 'roles', 'grades');
4050  
4051          foreach ($listofoptions as $option) {
4052              $options->$option = false;
4053          }
4054      }
4055  
4056      return $options;
4057  }
4058  
4059  /**
4060   * Validates course start and end dates.
4061   *
4062   * Checks that the end course date is not greater than the start course date.
4063   *
4064   * $coursedata['startdate'] or $coursedata['enddate'] may not be set, it depends on the form and user input.
4065   *
4066   * @param array $coursedata May contain startdate and enddate timestamps, depends on the user input.
4067   * @return mixed False if everything alright, error codes otherwise.
4068   */
4069  function course_validate_dates($coursedata) {
4070  
4071      // If both start and end dates are set end date should be later than the start date.
4072      if (!empty($coursedata['startdate']) && !empty($coursedata['enddate']) &&
4073              ($coursedata['enddate'] < $coursedata['startdate'])) {
4074          return 'enddatebeforestartdate';
4075      }
4076  
4077      // If start date is not set end date can not be set.
4078      if (empty($coursedata['startdate']) && !empty($coursedata['enddate'])) {
4079          return 'nostartdatenoenddate';
4080      }
4081  
4082      return false;
4083  }
4084  
4085  /**
4086   * Check for course updates in the given context level instances (only modules supported right Now)
4087   *
4088   * @param  stdClass $course  course object
4089   * @param  array $tocheck    instances to check for updates
4090   * @param  array $filter check only for updates in these areas
4091   * @return array list of warnings and instances with updates information
4092   * @since  Moodle 3.2
4093   */
4094  function course_check_updates($course, $tocheck, $filter = array()) {
4095      global $CFG, $DB;
4096  
4097      $instances = array();
4098      $warnings = array();
4099      $modulescallbacksupport = array();
4100      $modinfo = get_fast_modinfo($course);
4101  
4102      $supportedplugins = get_plugin_list_with_function('mod', 'check_updates_since');
4103  
4104      // Check instances.
4105      foreach ($tocheck as $instance) {
4106          if ($instance['contextlevel'] == 'module') {
4107              // Check module visibility.
4108              try {
4109                  $cm = $modinfo->get_cm($instance['id']);
4110              } catch (Exception $e) {
4111                  $warnings[] = array(
4112                      'item' => 'module',
4113                      'itemid' => $instance['id'],
4114                      'warningcode' => 'cmidnotincourse',
4115                      'message' => 'This module id does not belong to this course.'
4116                  );
4117                  continue;
4118              }
4119  
4120              if (!$cm->uservisible) {
4121                  $warnings[] = array(
4122                      'item' => 'module',
4123                      'itemid' => $instance['id'],
4124                      'warningcode' => 'nonuservisible',
4125                      'message' => 'You don\'t have access to this module.'
4126                  );
4127                  continue;
4128              }
4129              if (empty($supportedplugins['mod_' . $cm->modname])) {
4130                  $warnings[] = array(
4131                      'item' => 'module',
4132                      'itemid' => $instance['id'],
4133                      'warningcode' => 'missingcallback',
4134                      'message' => 'This module does not implement the check_updates_since callback: ' . $instance['contextlevel'],
4135                  );
4136                  continue;
4137              }
4138              // Retrieve the module instance.
4139              $instances[] = array(
4140                  'contextlevel' => $instance['contextlevel'],
4141                  'id' => $instance['id'],
4142                  'updates' => call_user_func($cm->modname . '_check_updates_since', $cm, $instance['since'], $filter)
4143              );
4144  
4145          } else {
4146              $warnings[] = array(
4147                  'item' => 'contextlevel',
4148                  'itemid' => $instance['id'],
4149                  'warningcode' => 'contextlevelnotsupported',
4150                  'message' => 'Context level not yet supported ' . $instance['contextlevel'],
4151              );
4152          }
4153      }
4154      return array($instances, $warnings);
4155  }
4156  
4157  /**
4158   * This function classifies a course as past, in progress or future.
4159   *
4160   * This function may incur a DB hit to calculate course completion.
4161   * @param stdClass $course Course record
4162   * @param stdClass $user User record (optional - defaults to $USER).
4163   * @param completion_info $completioninfo Completion record for the user (optional - will be fetched if required).
4164   * @return string (one of COURSE_TIMELINE_FUTURE, COURSE_TIMELINE_INPROGRESS or COURSE_TIMELINE_PAST)
4165   */
4166  function course_classify_for_timeline($course, $user = null, $completioninfo = null) {
4167      global $USER;
4168  
4169      if ($user == null) {
4170          $user = $USER;
4171      }
4172  
4173      $today = time();
4174      // End date past.
4175      if (!empty($course->enddate) && (course_classify_end_date($course) < $today)) {
4176          return COURSE_TIMELINE_PAST;
4177      }
4178  
4179      if ($completioninfo == null) {
4180          $completioninfo = new completion_info($course);
4181      }
4182  
4183      // Course was completed.
4184      if ($completioninfo->is_enabled() && $completioninfo->is_course_complete($user->id)) {
4185          return COURSE_TIMELINE_PAST;
4186      }
4187  
4188      // Start date not reached.
4189      if (!empty($course->startdate) && (course_classify_start_date($course) > $today)) {
4190          return COURSE_TIMELINE_FUTURE;
4191      }
4192  
4193      // Everything else is in progress.
4194      return COURSE_TIMELINE_INPROGRESS;
4195  }
4196  
4197  /**
4198   * This function calculates the end date to use for display classification purposes,
4199   * incorporating the grace period, if any.
4200   *
4201   * @param stdClass $course The course record.
4202   * @return int The new enddate.
4203   */
4204  function course_classify_end_date($course) {
4205      global $CFG;
4206      $coursegraceperiodafter = (empty($CFG->coursegraceperiodafter)) ? 0 : $CFG->coursegraceperiodafter;
4207      $enddate = (new \DateTimeImmutable())->setTimestamp($course->enddate)->modify("+{$coursegraceperiodafter} days");
4208      return $enddate->getTimestamp();
4209  }
4210  
4211  /**
4212   * This function calculates the start date to use for display classification purposes,
4213   * incorporating the grace period, if any.
4214   *
4215   * @param stdClass $course The course record.
4216   * @return int The new startdate.
4217   */
4218  function course_classify_start_date($course) {
4219      global $CFG;
4220      $coursegraceperiodbefore = (empty($CFG->coursegraceperiodbefore)) ? 0 : $CFG->coursegraceperiodbefore;
4221      $startdate = (new \DateTimeImmutable())->setTimestamp($course->startdate)->modify("-{$coursegraceperiodbefore} days");
4222      return $startdate->getTimestamp();
4223  }
4224  
4225  /**
4226   * Group a list of courses into either past, future, or in progress.
4227   *
4228   * The return value will be an array indexed by the COURSE_TIMELINE_* constants
4229   * with each value being an array of courses in that group.
4230   * E.g.
4231   * [
4232   *      COURSE_TIMELINE_PAST => [... list of past courses ...],
4233   *      COURSE_TIMELINE_FUTURE => [],
4234   *      COURSE_TIMELINE_INPROGRESS => []
4235   * ]
4236   *
4237   * @param array $courses List of courses to be grouped.
4238   * @return array
4239   */
4240  function course_classify_courses_for_timeline(array $courses) {
4241      return array_reduce($courses, function($carry, $course) {
4242          $classification = course_classify_for_timeline($course);
4243          array_push($carry[$classification], $course);
4244  
4245          return $carry;
4246      }, [
4247          COURSE_TIMELINE_PAST => [],
4248          COURSE_TIMELINE_FUTURE => [],
4249          COURSE_TIMELINE_INPROGRESS => []
4250      ]);
4251  }
4252  
4253  /**
4254   * Get the list of enrolled courses for the current user.
4255   *
4256   * This function returns a Generator. The courses will be loaded from the database
4257   * in chunks rather than a single query.
4258   *
4259   * @param int $limit Restrict result set to this amount
4260   * @param int $offset Skip this number of records from the start of the result set
4261   * @param string|null $sort SQL string for sorting
4262   * @param string|null $fields SQL string for fields to be returned
4263   * @param int $dbquerylimit The number of records to load per DB request
4264   * @param array $includecourses courses ids to be restricted
4265   * @param array $hiddencourses courses ids to be excluded
4266   * @return Generator
4267   */
4268  function course_get_enrolled_courses_for_logged_in_user(
4269      int $limit = 0,
4270      int $offset = 0,
4271      string $sort = null,
4272      string $fields = null,
4273      int $dbquerylimit = COURSE_DB_QUERY_LIMIT,
4274      array $includecourses = [],
4275      array $hiddencourses = []
4276  ) : Generator {
4277  
4278      $haslimit = !empty($limit);
4279      $recordsloaded = 0;
4280      $querylimit = (!$haslimit || $limit > $dbquerylimit) ? $dbquerylimit : $limit;
4281  
4282      while ($courses = enrol_get_my_courses($fields, $sort, $querylimit, $includecourses, false, $offset, $hiddencourses)) {
4283          yield from $courses;
4284  
4285          $recordsloaded += $querylimit;
4286  
4287          if (count($courses) < $querylimit) {
4288              break;
4289          }
4290          if ($haslimit && $recordsloaded >= $limit) {
4291              break;
4292          }
4293  
4294          $offset += $querylimit;
4295      }
4296  }
4297  
4298  /**
4299   * Search the given $courses for any that match the given $classification up to the specified
4300   * $limit.
4301   *
4302   * This function will return the subset of courses that match the classification as well as the
4303   * number of courses it had to process to build that subset.
4304   *
4305   * It is recommended that for larger sets of courses this function is given a Generator that loads
4306   * the courses from the database in chunks.
4307   *
4308   * @param array|Traversable $courses List of courses to process
4309   * @param string $classification One of the COURSE_TIMELINE_* constants
4310   * @param int $limit Limit the number of results to this amount
4311   * @return array First value is the filtered courses, second value is the number of courses processed
4312   */
4313  function course_filter_courses_by_timeline_classification(
4314      $courses,
4315      string $classification,
4316      int $limit = 0
4317  ) : array {
4318  
4319      if (!in_array($classification,
4320              [COURSE_TIMELINE_ALLINCLUDINGHIDDEN, COURSE_TIMELINE_ALL, COURSE_TIMELINE_PAST, COURSE_TIMELINE_INPROGRESS,
4321                  COURSE_TIMELINE_FUTURE, COURSE_TIMELINE_HIDDEN])) {
4322          $message = 'Classification must be one of COURSE_TIMELINE_ALLINCLUDINGHIDDEN, COURSE_TIMELINE_ALL, COURSE_TIMELINE_PAST, '
4323              . 'COURSE_TIMELINE_INPROGRESS or COURSE_TIMELINE_FUTURE';
4324          throw new moodle_exception($message);
4325      }
4326  
4327      $filteredcourses = [];
4328      $numberofcoursesprocessed = 0;
4329      $filtermatches = 0;
4330  
4331      foreach ($courses as $course) {
4332          $numberofcoursesprocessed++;
4333          $pref = get_user_preferences('block_myoverview_hidden_course_' . $course->id, 0);
4334  
4335          // Added as of MDL-63457 toggle viewability for each user.
4336          if ($classification == COURSE_TIMELINE_ALLINCLUDINGHIDDEN || ($classification == COURSE_TIMELINE_HIDDEN && $pref) ||
4337              (($classification == COURSE_TIMELINE_ALL || $classification == course_classify_for_timeline($course)) && !$pref)) {
4338              $filteredcourses[] = $course;
4339              $filtermatches++;
4340          }
4341  
4342          if ($limit && $filtermatches >= $limit) {
4343              // We've found the number of requested courses. No need to continue searching.
4344              break;
4345          }
4346      }
4347  
4348      // Return the number of filtered courses as well as the number of courses that were searched
4349      // in order to find the matching courses. This allows the calling code to do some kind of
4350      // pagination.
4351      return [$filteredcourses, $numberofcoursesprocessed];
4352  }
4353  
4354  /**
4355   * Search the given $courses for any that match the given $classification up to the specified
4356   * $limit.
4357   *
4358   * This function will return the subset of courses that are favourites as well as the
4359   * number of courses it had to process to build that subset.
4360   *
4361   * It is recommended that for larger sets of courses this function is given a Generator that loads
4362   * the courses from the database in chunks.
4363   *
4364   * @param array|Traversable $courses List of courses to process
4365   * @param array $favouritecourseids Array of favourite courses.
4366   * @param int $limit Limit the number of results to this amount
4367   * @return array First value is the filtered courses, second value is the number of courses processed
4368   */
4369  function course_filter_courses_by_favourites(
4370      $courses,
4371      $favouritecourseids,
4372      int $limit = 0
4373  ) : array {
4374  
4375      $filteredcourses = [];
4376      $numberofcoursesprocessed = 0;
4377      $filtermatches = 0;
4378  
4379      foreach ($courses as $course) {
4380          $numberofcoursesprocessed++;
4381  
4382          if (in_array($course->id, $favouritecourseids)) {
4383              $filteredcourses[] = $course;
4384              $filtermatches++;
4385          }
4386  
4387          if ($limit && $filtermatches >= $limit) {
4388              // We've found the number of requested courses. No need to continue searching.
4389              break;
4390          }
4391      }
4392  
4393      // Return the number of filtered courses as well as the number of courses that were searched
4394      // in order to find the matching courses. This allows the calling code to do some kind of
4395      // pagination.
4396      return [$filteredcourses, $numberofcoursesprocessed];
4397  }
4398  
4399  /**
4400   * Search the given $courses for any that have a $customfieldname value that matches the given
4401   * $customfieldvalue, up to the specified $limit.
4402   *
4403   * This function will return the subset of courses that matches the value as well as the
4404   * number of courses it had to process to build that subset.
4405   *
4406   * It is recommended that for larger sets of courses this function is given a Generator that loads
4407   * the courses from the database in chunks.
4408   *
4409   * @param array|Traversable $courses List of courses to process
4410   * @param string $customfieldname the shortname of the custom field to match against
4411   * @param string $customfieldvalue the value this custom field needs to match
4412   * @param int $limit Limit the number of results to this amount
4413   * @return array First value is the filtered courses, second value is the number of courses processed
4414   */
4415  function course_filter_courses_by_customfield(
4416      $courses,
4417      $customfieldname,
4418      $customfieldvalue,
4419      int $limit = 0
4420  ) : array {
4421      global $DB;
4422  
4423      if (!$courses) {
4424          return [[], 0];
4425      }
4426  
4427      // Prepare the list of courses to search through.
4428      $coursesbyid = [];
4429      foreach ($courses as $course) {
4430          $coursesbyid[$course->id] = $course;
4431      }
4432      if (!$coursesbyid) {
4433          return [[], 0];
4434      }
4435      list($csql, $params) = $DB->get_in_or_equal(array_keys($coursesbyid), SQL_PARAMS_NAMED);
4436  
4437      // Get the id of the custom field.
4438      $sql = "
4439         SELECT f.id
4440           FROM {customfield_field} f
4441           JOIN {customfield_category} cat ON cat.id = f.categoryid
4442          WHERE f.shortname = ?
4443            AND cat.component = 'core_course'
4444            AND cat.area = 'course'
4445      ";
4446      $fieldid = $DB->get_field_sql($sql, [$customfieldname]);
4447      if (!$fieldid) {
4448          return [[], 0];
4449      }
4450  
4451      // Get a list of courseids that match that custom field value.
4452      if ($customfieldvalue == COURSE_CUSTOMFIELD_EMPTY) {
4453          $comparevalue = $DB->sql_compare_text('cd.value');
4454          $sql = "
4455             SELECT c.id
4456               FROM {course} c
4457          LEFT JOIN {customfield_data} cd ON cd.instanceid = c.id AND cd.fieldid = :fieldid
4458              WHERE c.id $csql
4459                AND (cd.value IS NULL OR $comparevalue = '' OR $comparevalue = '0')
4460          ";
4461          $params['fieldid'] = $fieldid;
4462          $matchcourseids = $DB->get_fieldset_sql($sql, $params);
4463      } else {
4464          $comparevalue = $DB->sql_compare_text('value');
4465          $select = "fieldid = :fieldid AND $comparevalue = :customfieldvalue AND instanceid $csql";
4466          $params['fieldid'] = $fieldid;
4467          $params['customfieldvalue'] = $customfieldvalue;
4468          $matchcourseids = $DB->get_fieldset_select('customfield_data', 'instanceid', $select, $params);
4469      }
4470  
4471      // Prepare the list of courses to return.
4472      $filteredcourses = [];
4473      $numberofcoursesprocessed = 0;
4474      $filtermatches = 0;
4475  
4476      foreach ($coursesbyid as $course) {
4477          $numberofcoursesprocessed++;
4478  
4479          if (in_array($course->id, $matchcourseids)) {
4480              $filteredcourses[] = $course;
4481              $filtermatches++;
4482          }
4483  
4484          if ($limit && $filtermatches >= $limit) {
4485              // We've found the number of requested courses. No need to continue searching.
4486              break;
4487          }
4488      }
4489  
4490      // Return the number of filtered courses as well as the number of courses that were searched
4491      // in order to find the matching courses. This allows the calling code to do some kind of
4492      // pagination.
4493      return [$filteredcourses, $numberofcoursesprocessed];
4494  }
4495  
4496  /**
4497   * Check module updates since a given time.
4498   * This function checks for updates in the module config, file areas, completion, grades, comments and ratings.
4499   *
4500   * @param  cm_info $cm        course module data
4501   * @param  int $from          the time to check
4502   * @param  array $fileareas   additional file ares to check
4503   * @param  array $filter      if we need to filter and return only selected updates
4504   * @return stdClass object with the different updates
4505   * @since  Moodle 3.2
4506   */
4507  function course_check_module_updates_since($cm, $from, $fileareas = array(), $filter = array()) {
4508      global $DB, $CFG, $USER;
4509  
4510      $context = $cm->context;
4511      $mod = $DB->get_record($cm->modname, array('id' => $cm->instance), '*', MUST_EXIST);
4512  
4513      $updates = new stdClass();
4514      $course = get_course($cm->course);
4515      $component = 'mod_' . $cm->modname;
4516  
4517      // Check changes in the module configuration.
4518      if (isset($mod->timemodified) and (empty($filter) or in_array('configuration', $filter))) {
4519          $updates->configuration = (object) array('updated' => false);
4520          if ($updates->configuration->updated = $mod->timemodified > $from) {
4521              $updates->configuration->timeupdated = $mod->timemodified;
4522          }
4523      }
4524  
4525      // Check for updates in files.
4526      if (plugin_supports('mod', $cm->modname, FEATURE_MOD_INTRO)) {
4527          $fileareas[] = 'intro';
4528      }
4529      if (!empty($fileareas) and (empty($filter) or in_array('fileareas', $filter))) {
4530          $fs = get_file_storage();
4531          $files = $fs->get_area_files($context->id, $component, $fileareas, false, "filearea, timemodified DESC", false, $from);
4532          foreach ($fileareas as $filearea) {
4533              $updates->{$filearea . 'files'} = (object) array('updated' => false);
4534          }
4535          foreach ($files as $file) {
4536              $updates->{$file->get_filearea() . 'files'}->updated = true;
4537              $updates->{$file->get_filearea() . 'files'}->itemids[] = $file->get_id();
4538          }
4539      }
4540  
4541      // Check completion.
4542      $supportcompletion = plugin_supports('mod', $cm->modname, FEATURE_COMPLETION_HAS_RULES);
4543      $supportcompletion = $supportcompletion or plugin_supports('mod', $cm->modname, FEATURE_COMPLETION_TRACKS_VIEWS);
4544      if ($supportcompletion and (empty($filter) or in_array('completion', $filter))) {
4545          $updates->completion = (object) array('updated' => false);
4546          $completion = new completion_info($course);
4547          // Use wholecourse to cache all the modules the first time.
4548          $completiondata = $completion->get_data($cm, true);
4549          if ($updates->completion->updated = !empty($completiondata->timemodified) && $completiondata->timemodified > $from) {
4550              $updates->completion->timemodified = $completiondata->timemodified;
4551          }
4552      }
4553  
4554      // Check grades.
4555      $supportgrades = plugin_supports('mod', $cm->modname, FEATURE_GRADE_HAS_GRADE);
4556      $supportgrades = $supportgrades or plugin_supports('mod', $cm->modname, FEATURE_GRADE_OUTCOMES);
4557      if ($supportgrades and (empty($filter) or (in_array('gradeitems', $filter) or in_array('outcomes', $filter)))) {
4558          require_once($CFG->libdir . '/gradelib.php');
4559          $grades = grade_get_grades($course->id, 'mod', $cm->modname, $mod->id, $USER->id);
4560  
4561          if (empty($filter) or in_array('gradeitems', $filter)) {
4562              $updates->gradeitems = (object) array('updated' => false);
4563              foreach ($grades->items as $gradeitem) {
4564                  foreach ($gradeitem->grades as $grade) {
4565                      if ($grade->datesubmitted > $from or $grade->dategraded > $from) {
4566                          $updates->gradeitems->updated = true;
4567                          $updates->gradeitems->itemids[] = $gradeitem->id;
4568                      }
4569                  }
4570              }
4571          }
4572  
4573          if (empty($filter) or in_array('outcomes', $filter)) {
4574              $updates->outcomes = (object) array('updated' => false);
4575              foreach ($grades->outcomes as $outcome) {
4576                  foreach ($outcome->grades as $grade) {
4577                      if ($grade->datesubmitted > $from or $grade->dategraded > $from) {
4578                          $updates->outcomes->updated = true;
4579                          $updates->outcomes->itemids[] = $outcome->id;
4580                      }
4581                  }
4582              }
4583          }
4584      }
4585  
4586      // Check comments.
4587      if (plugin_supports('mod', $cm->modname, FEATURE_COMMENT) and (empty($filter) or in_array('comments', $filter))) {
4588          $updates->comments = (object) array('updated' => false);
4589          require_once($CFG->dirroot . '/comment/lib.php');
4590          require_once($CFG->dirroot . '/comment/locallib.php');
4591          $manager = new comment_manager();
4592          $comments = $manager->get_component_comments_since($course, $context, $component, $from, $cm);
4593          if (!empty($comments)) {
4594              $updates->comments->updated = true;
4595              $updates->comments->itemids = array_keys($comments);
4596          }
4597      }
4598  
4599      // Check ratings.
4600      if (plugin_supports('mod', $cm->modname, FEATURE_RATE) and (empty($filter) or in_array('ratings', $filter))) {
4601          $updates->ratings = (object) array('updated' => false);
4602          require_once($CFG->dirroot . '/rating/lib.php');
4603          $manager = new rating_manager();
4604          $ratings = $manager->get_component_ratings_since($context, $component, $from);
4605          if (!empty($ratings)) {
4606              $updates->ratings->updated = true;
4607              $updates->ratings->itemids = array_keys($ratings);
4608          }
4609      }
4610  
4611      return $updates;
4612  }
4613  
4614  /**
4615   * Returns true if the user can view the participant page, false otherwise,
4616   *
4617   * @param context $context The context we are checking.
4618   * @return bool
4619   */
4620  function course_can_view_participants($context) {
4621      $viewparticipantscap = 'moodle/course:viewparticipants';
4622      if ($context->contextlevel == CONTEXT_SYSTEM) {
4623          $viewparticipantscap = 'moodle/site:viewparticipants';
4624      }
4625  
4626      return has_any_capability([$viewparticipantscap, 'moodle/course:enrolreview'], $context);
4627  }
4628  
4629  /**
4630   * Checks if a user can view the participant page, if not throws an exception.
4631   *
4632   * @param context $context The context we are checking.
4633   * @throws required_capability_exception
4634   */
4635  function course_require_view_participants($context) {
4636      if (!course_can_view_participants($context)) {
4637          $viewparticipantscap = 'moodle/course:viewparticipants';
4638          if ($context->contextlevel == CONTEXT_SYSTEM) {
4639              $viewparticipantscap = 'moodle/site:viewparticipants';
4640          }
4641          throw new required_capability_exception($context, $viewparticipantscap, 'nopermissions', '');
4642      }
4643  }
4644  
4645  /**
4646   * Return whether the user can download from the specified backup file area in the given context.
4647   *
4648   * @param string $filearea the backup file area. E.g. 'course', 'backup' or 'automated'.
4649   * @param \context $context
4650   * @param stdClass $user the user object. If not provided, the current user will be checked.
4651   * @return bool true if the user is allowed to download in the context, false otherwise.
4652   */
4653  function can_download_from_backup_filearea($filearea, \context $context, stdClass $user = null) {
4654      $candownload = false;
4655      switch ($filearea) {
4656          case 'course':
4657          case 'backup':
4658              $candownload = has_capability('moodle/backup:downloadfile', $context, $user);
4659              break;
4660          case 'automated':
4661              // Given the automated backups may contain userinfo, we restrict access such that only users who are able to
4662              // restore with userinfo are able to download the file. Users can't create these backups, so checking 'backup:userinfo'
4663              // doesn't make sense here.
4664              $candownload = has_capability('moodle/backup:downloadfile', $context, $user) &&
4665                             has_capability('moodle/restore:userinfo', $context, $user);
4666              break;
4667          default:
4668              break;
4669  
4670      }
4671      return $candownload;
4672  }
4673  
4674  /**
4675   * Get a list of hidden courses
4676   *
4677   * @param int|object|null $user User override to get the filter from. Defaults to current user
4678   * @return array $ids List of hidden courses
4679   * @throws coding_exception
4680   */
4681  function get_hidden_courses_on_timeline($user = null) {
4682      global $USER;
4683  
4684      if (empty($user)) {
4685          $user = $USER->id;
4686      }
4687  
4688      $preferences = get_user_preferences(null, null, $user);
4689      $ids = [];
4690      foreach ($preferences as $key => $value) {
4691          if (preg_match('/block_myoverview_hidden_course_(\d)+/', $key)) {
4692              $id = preg_split('/block_myoverview_hidden_course_/', $key);
4693              $ids[] = $id[1];
4694          }
4695      }
4696  
4697      return $ids;
4698  }
4699  
4700  /**
4701   * Returns a list of the most recently courses accessed by a user
4702   *
4703   * @param int $userid User id from which the courses will be obtained
4704   * @param int $limit Restrict result set to this amount
4705   * @param int $offset Skip this number of records from the start of the result set
4706   * @param string|null $sort SQL string for sorting
4707   * @return array
4708   */
4709  function course_get_recent_courses(int $userid = null, int $limit = 0, int $offset = 0, string $sort = null) {
4710  
4711      global $CFG, $USER, $DB;
4712  
4713      if (empty($userid)) {
4714          $userid = $USER->id;
4715      }
4716  
4717      $basefields = array('id', 'idnumber', 'summary', 'summaryformat', 'startdate', 'enddate', 'category',
4718              'shortname', 'fullname', 'timeaccess', 'component', 'visible');
4719  
4720      if (empty($sort)) {
4721          $sort = 'timeaccess DESC';
4722      } else {
4723          // The SQL string for sorting can define sorting by multiple columns.
4724          $rawsorts = explode(',', $sort);
4725          $sorts = array();
4726          // Validate and trim the sort parameters in the SQL string for sorting.
4727          foreach ($rawsorts as $rawsort) {
4728              $sort = trim($rawsort);
4729              $sortparams = explode(' ', $sort);
4730              // A valid sort statement can not have more than 2 params (ex. 'summary desc' or 'timeaccess').
4731              if (count($sortparams) > 2) {
4732                  throw new invalid_parameter_exception(
4733                      'Invalid structure of the sort parameter, allowed structure: fieldname [ASC|DESC].');
4734              }
4735              $sortfield = trim($sortparams[0]);
4736              // Validate the value which defines the field to sort by.
4737              if (!in_array($sortfield, $basefields)) {
4738                  throw new invalid_parameter_exception('Invalid field in the sort parameter, allowed fields: ' .
4739                      implode(', ', $basefields) . '.');
4740              }
4741              $sortdirection = isset($sortparams[1]) ? trim($sortparams[1]) : '';
4742              // Validate the value which defines the sort direction (if present).
4743              $allowedsortdirections = ['asc', 'desc'];
4744              if (!empty($sortdirection) && !in_array(strtolower($sortdirection), $allowedsortdirections)) {
4745                  throw new invalid_parameter_exception('Invalid sort direction in the sort parameter, allowed values: ' .
4746                      implode(', ', $allowedsortdirections) . '.');
4747              }
4748              $sorts[] = $sort;
4749          }
4750          $sort = implode(',', $sorts);
4751      }
4752  
4753      $ctxfields = context_helper::get_preload_record_columns_sql('ctx');
4754  
4755      $coursefields = 'c.' .join(',', $basefields);
4756  
4757      // Ask the favourites service to give us the join SQL for favourited courses,
4758      // so we can include favourite information in the query.
4759      $usercontext = \context_user::instance($userid);
4760      $favservice = \core_favourites\service_factory::get_service_for_user_context($usercontext);
4761      list($favsql, $favparams) = $favservice->get_join_sql_by_type('core_course', 'courses', 'fav', 'ul.courseid');
4762  
4763      $sql = "SELECT $coursefields, $ctxfields
4764                FROM {course} c
4765                JOIN {context} ctx
4766                     ON ctx.contextlevel = :contextlevel
4767                     AND ctx.instanceid = c.id
4768                JOIN {user_lastaccess} ul
4769                     ON ul.courseid = c.id
4770              $favsql
4771           LEFT JOIN {enrol} eg ON eg.courseid = c.id AND eg.status = :statusenrolg AND eg.enrol = :guestenrol
4772               WHERE ul.userid = :userid
4773                 AND c.visible = :visible
4774                 AND (eg.id IS NOT NULL
4775                      OR EXISTS (SELECT e.id
4776                               FROM {enrol} e
4777                               JOIN {user_enrolments} ue ON ue.enrolid = e.id
4778                              WHERE e.courseid = c.id
4779                                AND e.status = :statusenrol
4780                                AND ue.status = :status
4781                                AND ue.userid = :userid2
4782                                AND ue.timestart < :now1
4783                                AND (ue.timeend = 0 OR ue.timeend > :now2)
4784                            ))
4785            ORDER BY $sort";
4786  
4787      $now = round(time(), -2); // Improves db caching.
4788      $params = ['userid' => $userid, 'contextlevel' => CONTEXT_COURSE, 'visible' => 1, 'status' => ENROL_USER_ACTIVE,
4789                 'statusenrol' => ENROL_INSTANCE_ENABLED, 'guestenrol' => 'guest', 'now1' => $now, 'now2' => $now,
4790                 'userid2' => $userid, 'statusenrolg' => ENROL_INSTANCE_ENABLED] + $favparams;
4791  
4792      $recentcourses = $DB->get_records_sql($sql, $params, $offset, $limit);
4793  
4794      // Filter courses if last access field is hidden.
4795      $hiddenfields = array_flip(explode(',', $CFG->hiddenuserfields));
4796  
4797      if ($userid != $USER->id && isset($hiddenfields['lastaccess'])) {
4798          $recentcourses = array_filter($recentcourses, function($course) {
4799              context_helper::preload_from_record($course);
4800              $context = context_course::instance($course->id, IGNORE_MISSING);
4801              // If last access was a hidden field, a user requesting info about another user would need permission to view hidden
4802              // fields.
4803              return has_capability('moodle/course:viewhiddenuserfields', $context);
4804          });
4805      }
4806  
4807      return $recentcourses;
4808  }
4809  
4810  /**
4811   * Calculate the course start date and offset for the given user ids.
4812   *
4813   * If the course is a fixed date course then the course start date will be returned.
4814   * If the course is a relative date course then the course date will be calculated and
4815   * and offset provided.
4816   *
4817   * The dates are returned as an array with the index being the user id. The array
4818   * contains the start date and start offset values for the user.
4819   *
4820   * If the user is not enrolled in the course then the course start date will be returned.
4821   *
4822   * If we have a course which starts on 1563244000 and 2 users, id 123 and 456, where the
4823   * former is enrolled in the course at 1563244693 and the latter is not enrolled then the
4824   * return value would look like:
4825   * [
4826   *      '123' => [
4827   *          'start' => 1563244693,
4828   *          'startoffset' => 693
4829   *      ],
4830   *      '456' => [
4831   *          'start' => 1563244000,
4832   *          'startoffset' => 0
4833   *      ]
4834   * ]
4835   *
4836   * @param stdClass $course The course to fetch dates for.
4837   * @param array $userids The list of user ids to get dates for.
4838   * @return array
4839   */
4840  function course_get_course_dates_for_user_ids(stdClass $course, array $userids): array {
4841      if (empty($course->relativedatesmode)) {
4842          // This course isn't set to relative dates so we can early return with the course
4843          // start date.
4844          return array_reduce($userids, function($carry, $userid) use ($course) {
4845              $carry[$userid] = [
4846                  'start' => $course->startdate,
4847                  'startoffset' => 0
4848              ];
4849              return $carry;
4850          }, []);
4851      }
4852  
4853      // We're dealing with a relative dates course now so we need to calculate some dates.
4854      $cache = cache::make('core', 'course_user_dates');
4855      $dates = [];
4856      $uncacheduserids = [];
4857  
4858      // Try fetching the values from the cache so that we don't need to do a DB request.
4859      foreach ($userids as $userid) {
4860          $cachekey = "{$course->id}_{$userid}";
4861          $cachedvalue = $cache->get($cachekey);
4862  
4863          if ($cachedvalue === false) {
4864              // Looks like we haven't seen this user for this course before so we'll have
4865              // to fetch it.
4866              $uncacheduserids[] = $userid;
4867          } else {
4868              [$start, $startoffset] = $cachedvalue;
4869              $dates[$userid] = [
4870                  'start' => $start,
4871                  'startoffset' => $startoffset
4872              ];
4873          }
4874      }
4875  
4876      if (!empty($uncacheduserids)) {
4877          // Load the enrolments for any users we haven't seen yet. Set the "onlyactive" param
4878          // to false because it filters out users with enrolment start times in the future which
4879          // we don't want.
4880          $enrolments = enrol_get_course_users($course->id, false, $uncacheduserids);
4881  
4882          foreach ($uncacheduserids as $userid) {
4883              // Find the user enrolment that has the earliest start date.
4884              $enrolment = array_reduce(array_values($enrolments), function($carry, $enrolment) use ($userid) {
4885                  // Only consider enrolments for this user if the user enrolment is active and the
4886                  // enrolment method is enabled.
4887                  if (
4888                      $enrolment->uestatus == ENROL_USER_ACTIVE &&
4889                      $enrolment->estatus == ENROL_INSTANCE_ENABLED &&
4890                      $enrolment->id == $userid
4891                  ) {
4892                      if (is_null($carry)) {
4893                          // Haven't found an enrolment yet for this user so use the one we just found.
4894                          $carry = $enrolment;
4895                      } else {
4896                          // We've already found an enrolment for this user so let's use which ever one
4897                          // has the earliest start time.
4898                          $carry = $carry->uetimestart < $enrolment->uetimestart ? $carry : $enrolment;
4899                      }
4900                  }
4901  
4902                  return $carry;
4903              }, null);
4904  
4905              if ($enrolment) {
4906                  // The course is in relative dates mode so we calculate the student's start
4907                  // date based on their enrolment start date.
4908                  $start = $course->startdate > $enrolment->uetimestart ? $course->startdate : $enrolment->uetimestart;
4909                  $startoffset = $start - $course->startdate;
4910              } else {
4911                  // The user is not enrolled in the course so default back to the course start date.
4912                  $start = $course->startdate;
4913                  $startoffset = 0;
4914              }
4915  
4916              $dates[$userid] = [
4917                  'start' => $start,
4918                  'startoffset' => $startoffset
4919              ];
4920  
4921              $cachekey = "{$course->id}_{$userid}";
4922              $cache->set($cachekey, [$start, $startoffset]);
4923          }
4924      }
4925  
4926      return $dates;
4927  }
4928  
4929  /**
4930   * Calculate the course start date and offset for the given user id.
4931   *
4932   * If the course is a fixed date course then the course start date will be returned.
4933   * If the course is a relative date course then the course date will be calculated and
4934   * and offset provided.
4935   *
4936   * The return array contains the start date and start offset values for the user.
4937   *
4938   * If the user is not enrolled in the course then the course start date will be returned.
4939   *
4940   * If we have a course which starts on 1563244000. If a user's enrolment starts on 1563244693
4941   * then the return would be:
4942   * [
4943   *      'start' => 1563244693,
4944   *      'startoffset' => 693
4945   * ]
4946   *
4947   * If the use was not enrolled then the return would be:
4948   * [
4949   *      'start' => 1563244000,
4950   *      'startoffset' => 0
4951   * ]
4952   *
4953   * @param stdClass $course The course to fetch dates for.
4954   * @param int $userid The user id to get dates for.
4955   * @return array
4956   */
4957  function course_get_course_dates_for_user_id(stdClass $course, int $userid): array {
4958      return (course_get_course_dates_for_user_ids($course, [$userid]))[$userid];
4959  }
4960  
4961  /**
4962   * Renders the course copy form for the modal on the course management screen.
4963   *
4964   * @param array $args
4965   * @return string $o Form HTML.
4966   */
4967  function course_output_fragment_new_base_form($args) {
4968  
4969      $serialiseddata = json_decode($args['jsonformdata'], true);
4970      $formdata = [];
4971      if (!empty($serialiseddata)) {
4972          parse_str($serialiseddata, $formdata);
4973      }
4974  
4975      $context = context_course::instance($args['courseid']);
4976      $copycaps = \core_course\management\helper::get_course_copy_capabilities();
4977      require_all_capabilities($copycaps, $context);
4978  
4979      $course = get_course($args['courseid']);
4980      $mform = new \core_backup\output\copy_form(
4981          null,
4982          array('course' => $course, 'returnto' => '', 'returnurl' => ''),
4983          'post', '', ['class' => 'ignoredirty'], true, $formdata);
4984  
4985      if (!empty($serialiseddata)) {
4986          // If we were passed non-empty form data we want the mform to call validation functions and show errors.
4987          $mform->is_validated();
4988      }
4989  
4990      ob_start();
4991      $mform->display();
4992      $o = ob_get_contents();
4993      ob_end_clean();
4994  
4995      return $o;
4996  }