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Developer Documentation
See Release Notes
Long Term Support Release
- Bug fixes for general core bugs in 3.9.x will end* 10 May 2021 (12 months).
- Bug fixes for security issues in 3.9.x will end* 8 May 2023 (36 months).
- PHP version: minimum PHP 7.2.0 Note: minimum PHP version has increased since Moodle 3.8. PHP 7.3.x and 7.4.x are supported too.
/mod/quiz/ -> locallib.php (source)
<?php
// This file is part of Moodle - http://moodle.org/
//
// Moodle is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
//
// Moodle is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
// GNU General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
// along with Moodle. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
/**
* Library of functions used by the quiz module.
*
* This contains functions that are called from within the quiz module only
* Functions that are also called by core Moodle are in {@link lib.php}
* This script also loads the code in {@link questionlib.php} which holds
* the module-indpendent code for handling questions and which in turn
* initialises all the questiontype classes.
*
* @package mod_quiz
* @copyright 1999 onwards Martin Dougiamas and others {@link http://moodle.com}
* @license http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
*/
defined('MOODLE_INTERNAL') || die();
require_once($CFG->dirroot . '/mod/quiz/lib.php');
require_once($CFG->dirroot . '/mod/quiz/accessmanager.php');
require_once($CFG->dirroot . '/mod/quiz/accessmanager_form.php');
require_once($CFG->dirroot . '/mod/quiz/renderer.php');
require_once($CFG->dirroot . '/mod/quiz/attemptlib.php');
require_once($CFG->libdir . '/completionlib.php');
require_once($CFG->libdir . '/filelib.php');
require_once($CFG->libdir . '/questionlib.php');
/**
* @var int We show the countdown timer if there is less than this amount of time left before the
* the quiz close date. (1 hour)
*/
define('QUIZ_SHOW_TIME_BEFORE_DEADLINE', '3600');
/**
* @var int If there are fewer than this many seconds left when the student submits
* a page of the quiz, then do not take them to the next page of the quiz. Instead
* close the quiz immediately.
*/
define('QUIZ_MIN_TIME_TO_CONTINUE', '2');
/**
* @var int We show no image when user selects No image from dropdown menu in quiz settings.
*/
define('QUIZ_SHOWIMAGE_NONE', 0);
/**
* @var int We show small image when user selects small image from dropdown menu in quiz settings.
*/
define('QUIZ_SHOWIMAGE_SMALL', 1);
/**
* @var int We show Large image when user selects Large image from dropdown menu in quiz settings.
*/
define('QUIZ_SHOWIMAGE_LARGE', 2);
// Functions related to attempts ///////////////////////////////////////////////
/**
* Creates an object to represent a new attempt at a quiz
*
* Creates an attempt object to represent an attempt at the quiz by the current
* user starting at the current time. The ->id field is not set. The object is
* NOT written to the database.
*
* @param object $quizobj the quiz object to create an attempt for.
* @param int $attemptnumber the sequence number for the attempt.
* @param object $lastattempt the previous attempt by this user, if any. Only needed
* if $attemptnumber > 1 and $quiz->attemptonlast is true.
* @param int $timenow the time the attempt was started at.
* @param bool $ispreview whether this new attempt is a preview.
* @param int $userid the id of the user attempting this quiz.
*
* @return object the newly created attempt object.
*/
function quiz_create_attempt(quiz $quizobj, $attemptnumber, $lastattempt, $timenow, $ispreview = false, $userid = null) {
global $USER;
if ($userid === null) {
$userid = $USER->id;
}
$quiz = $quizobj->get_quiz();
if ($quiz->sumgrades < 0.000005 && $quiz->grade > 0.000005) {
throw new moodle_exception('cannotstartgradesmismatch', 'quiz',
new moodle_url('/mod/quiz/view.php', array('q' => $quiz->id)),
array('grade' => quiz_format_grade($quiz, $quiz->grade)));
}
if ($attemptnumber == 1 || !$quiz->attemptonlast) {
// We are not building on last attempt so create a new attempt.
$attempt = new stdClass();
$attempt->quiz = $quiz->id;
$attempt->userid = $userid;
$attempt->preview = 0;
$attempt->layout = '';
} else {
// Build on last attempt.
if (empty($lastattempt)) {
print_error('cannotfindprevattempt', 'quiz');
}
$attempt = $lastattempt;
}
$attempt->attempt = $attemptnumber;
$attempt->timestart = $timenow;
$attempt->timefinish = 0;
$attempt->timemodified = $timenow;
$attempt->timemodifiedoffline = 0;
$attempt->state = quiz_attempt::IN_PROGRESS;
$attempt->currentpage = 0;
$attempt->sumgrades = null;
// If this is a preview, mark it as such.
if ($ispreview) {
$attempt->preview = 1;
}
$timeclose = $quizobj->get_access_manager($timenow)->get_end_time($attempt);
if ($timeclose === false || $ispreview) {
$attempt->timecheckstate = null;
} else {
$attempt->timecheckstate = $timeclose;
}
return $attempt;
}
/**
* Start a normal, new, quiz attempt.
*
* @param quiz $quizobj the quiz object to start an attempt for.
* @param question_usage_by_activity $quba
* @param object $attempt
* @param integer $attemptnumber starting from 1
* @param integer $timenow the attempt start time
* @param array $questionids slot number => question id. Used for random questions, to force the choice
* of a particular actual question. Intended for testing purposes only.
* @param array $forcedvariantsbyslot slot number => variant. Used for questions with variants,
* to force the choice of a particular variant. Intended for testing
* purposes only.
* @throws moodle_exception
* @return object modified attempt object
*/
function quiz_start_new_attempt($quizobj, $quba, $attempt, $attemptnumber, $timenow,
$questionids = array(), $forcedvariantsbyslot = array()) {
// Usages for this user's previous quiz attempts.
$qubaids = new \mod_quiz\question\qubaids_for_users_attempts(
$quizobj->get_quizid(), $attempt->userid);
// Fully load all the questions in this quiz.
$quizobj->preload_questions();
$quizobj->load_questions();
// First load all the non-random questions.
$randomfound = false;
$slot = 0;
$questions = array();
$maxmark = array();
$page = array();
foreach ($quizobj->get_questions() as $questiondata) {
$slot += 1;
$maxmark[$slot] = $questiondata->maxmark;
$page[$slot] = $questiondata->page;
if ($questiondata->qtype == 'random') {
$randomfound = true;
continue;
}
if (!$quizobj->get_quiz()->shuffleanswers) {
$questiondata->options->shuffleanswers = false;
}
$questions[$slot] = question_bank::make_question($questiondata);
}
// Then find a question to go in place of each random question.
if ($randomfound) {
$slot = 0;
$usedquestionids = array();
foreach ($questions as $question) {
if (isset($usedquestions[$question->id])) {
$usedquestionids[$question->id] += 1;
} else {
$usedquestionids[$question->id] = 1;
}
}
$randomloader = new \core_question\bank\random_question_loader($qubaids, $usedquestionids);
foreach ($quizobj->get_questions() as $questiondata) {
$slot += 1;
if ($questiondata->qtype != 'random') {
continue;
}
$tagids = quiz_retrieve_slot_tag_ids($questiondata->slotid);
// Deal with fixed random choices for testing.
if (isset($questionids[$quba->next_slot_number()])) {
if ($randomloader->is_question_available($questiondata->category,
(bool) $questiondata->questiontext, $questionids[$quba->next_slot_number()], $tagids)) {
$questions[$slot] = question_bank::load_question(
$questionids[$quba->next_slot_number()], $quizobj->get_quiz()->shuffleanswers);
continue;
} else {
throw new coding_exception('Forced question id not available.');
}
}
// Normal case, pick one at random.
$questionid = $randomloader->get_next_question_id($questiondata->randomfromcategory,
$questiondata->randomincludingsubcategories, $tagids);
if ($questionid === null) {
throw new moodle_exception('notenoughrandomquestions', 'quiz',
$quizobj->view_url(), $questiondata);
}
$questions[$slot] = question_bank::load_question($questionid,
$quizobj->get_quiz()->shuffleanswers);
}
}
// Finally add them all to the usage.
ksort($questions);
foreach ($questions as $slot => $question) {
$newslot = $quba->add_question($question, $maxmark[$slot]);
if ($newslot != $slot) {
throw new coding_exception('Slot numbers have got confused.');
}
}
// Start all the questions.
$variantstrategy = new core_question\engine\variants\least_used_strategy($quba, $qubaids);
if (!empty($forcedvariantsbyslot)) {
$forcedvariantsbyseed = question_variant_forced_choices_selection_strategy::prepare_forced_choices_array(
$forcedvariantsbyslot, $quba);
$variantstrategy = new question_variant_forced_choices_selection_strategy(
$forcedvariantsbyseed, $variantstrategy);
}
$quba->start_all_questions($variantstrategy, $timenow, $attempt->userid);
// Work out the attempt layout.
$sections = $quizobj->get_sections();
foreach ($sections as $i => $section) {
if (isset($sections[$i + 1])) {
$sections[$i]->lastslot = $sections[$i + 1]->firstslot - 1;
} else {
$sections[$i]->lastslot = count($questions);
}
}
$layout = array();
foreach ($sections as $section) {
if ($section->shufflequestions) {
$questionsinthissection = array();
for ($slot = $section->firstslot; $slot <= $section->lastslot; $slot += 1) {
$questionsinthissection[] = $slot;
}
shuffle($questionsinthissection);
$questionsonthispage = 0;
foreach ($questionsinthissection as $slot) {
if ($questionsonthispage && $questionsonthispage == $quizobj->get_quiz()->questionsperpage) {
$layout[] = 0;
$questionsonthispage = 0;
}
$layout[] = $slot;
$questionsonthispage += 1;
}
} else {
$currentpage = $page[$section->firstslot];
for ($slot = $section->firstslot; $slot <= $section->lastslot; $slot += 1) {
if ($currentpage !== null && $page[$slot] != $currentpage) {
$layout[] = 0;
}
$layout[] = $slot;
$currentpage = $page[$slot];
}
}
// Each section ends with a page break.
$layout[] = 0;
}
$attempt->layout = implode(',', $layout);
return $attempt;
}
/**
* Start a subsequent new attempt, in each attempt builds on last mode.
*
* @param question_usage_by_activity $quba this question usage
* @param object $attempt this attempt
* @param object $lastattempt last attempt
* @return object modified attempt object
*
*/
function quiz_start_attempt_built_on_last($quba, $attempt, $lastattempt) {
$oldquba = question_engine::load_questions_usage_by_activity($lastattempt->uniqueid);
$oldnumberstonew = array();
foreach ($oldquba->get_attempt_iterator() as $oldslot => $oldqa) {
$newslot = $quba->add_question($oldqa->get_question(false), $oldqa->get_max_mark());
$quba->start_question_based_on($newslot, $oldqa);
$oldnumberstonew[$oldslot] = $newslot;
}
// Update attempt layout.
$newlayout = array();
foreach (explode(',', $lastattempt->layout) as $oldslot) {
if ($oldslot != 0) {
$newlayout[] = $oldnumberstonew[$oldslot];
} else {
$newlayout[] = 0;
}
}
$attempt->layout = implode(',', $newlayout);
return $attempt;
}
/**
* The save started question usage and quiz attempt in db and log the started attempt.
*
* @param quiz $quizobj
* @param question_usage_by_activity $quba
* @param object $attempt
* @return object attempt object with uniqueid and id set.
*/
function quiz_attempt_save_started($quizobj, $quba, $attempt) {
global $DB;
// Save the attempt in the database.
question_engine::save_questions_usage_by_activity($quba);
$attempt->uniqueid = $quba->get_id();
$attempt->id = $DB->insert_record('quiz_attempts', $attempt);
// Params used by the events below.
$params = array(
'objectid' => $attempt->id,
'relateduserid' => $attempt->userid,
'courseid' => $quizobj->get_courseid(),
'context' => $quizobj->get_context()
);
// Decide which event we are using.
if ($attempt->preview) {
$params['other'] = array(
'quizid' => $quizobj->get_quizid()
);
$event = \mod_quiz\event\attempt_preview_started::create($params);
} else {
$event = \mod_quiz\event\attempt_started::create($params);
}
// Trigger the event.
$event->add_record_snapshot('quiz', $quizobj->get_quiz());
$event->add_record_snapshot('quiz_attempts', $attempt);
$event->trigger();
return $attempt;
}
/**
* Returns an unfinished attempt (if there is one) for the given
* user on the given quiz. This function does not return preview attempts.
*
* @param int $quizid the id of the quiz.
* @param int $userid the id of the user.
*
* @return mixed the unfinished attempt if there is one, false if not.
*/
function quiz_get_user_attempt_unfinished($quizid, $userid) {
$attempts = quiz_get_user_attempts($quizid, $userid, 'unfinished', true);
if ($attempts) {
return array_shift($attempts);
} else {
return false;
}
}
/**
* Delete a quiz attempt.
* @param mixed $attempt an integer attempt id or an attempt object
* (row of the quiz_attempts table).
* @param object $quiz the quiz object.
*/
function quiz_delete_attempt($attempt, $quiz) {
global $DB;
if (is_numeric($attempt)) {
if (!$attempt = $DB->get_record('quiz_attempts', array('id' => $attempt))) {
return;
}
}
if ($attempt->quiz != $quiz->id) {
debugging("Trying to delete attempt $attempt->id which belongs to quiz $attempt->quiz " .
"but was passed quiz $quiz->id.");
return;
}
if (!isset($quiz->cmid)) {
$cm = get_coursemodule_from_instance('quiz', $quiz->id, $quiz->course);
$quiz->cmid = $cm->id;
}
question_engine::delete_questions_usage_by_activity($attempt->uniqueid);
$DB->delete_records('quiz_attempts', array('id' => $attempt->id));
// Log the deletion of the attempt if not a preview.
if (!$attempt->preview) {
$params = array(
'objectid' => $attempt->id,
'relateduserid' => $attempt->userid,
'context' => context_module::instance($quiz->cmid),
'other' => array(
'quizid' => $quiz->id
)
);
$event = \mod_quiz\event\attempt_deleted::create($params);
$event->add_record_snapshot('quiz_attempts', $attempt);
$event->trigger();
}
// Search quiz_attempts for other instances by this user.
// If none, then delete record for this quiz, this user from quiz_grades
// else recalculate best grade.
$userid = $attempt->userid;
if (!$DB->record_exists('quiz_attempts', array('userid' => $userid, 'quiz' => $quiz->id))) {
$DB->delete_records('quiz_grades', array('userid' => $userid, 'quiz' => $quiz->id));
} else {
quiz_save_best_grade($quiz, $userid);
}
quiz_update_grades($quiz, $userid);
}
/**
* Delete all the preview attempts at a quiz, or possibly all the attempts belonging
* to one user.
* @param object $quiz the quiz object.
* @param int $userid (optional) if given, only delete the previews belonging to this user.
*/
function quiz_delete_previews($quiz, $userid = null) {
global $DB;
$conditions = array('quiz' => $quiz->id, 'preview' => 1);
if (!empty($userid)) {
$conditions['userid'] = $userid;
}
$previewattempts = $DB->get_records('quiz_attempts', $conditions);
foreach ($previewattempts as $attempt) {
quiz_delete_attempt($attempt, $quiz);
}
}
/**
* @param int $quizid The quiz id.
* @return bool whether this quiz has any (non-preview) attempts.
*/
function quiz_has_attempts($quizid) {
global $DB;
return $DB->record_exists('quiz_attempts', array('quiz' => $quizid, 'preview' => 0));
}
// Functions to do with quiz layout and pages //////////////////////////////////
/**
* Repaginate the questions in a quiz
* @param int $quizid the id of the quiz to repaginate.
* @param int $slotsperpage number of items to put on each page. 0 means unlimited.
*/
function quiz_repaginate_questions($quizid, $slotsperpage) {
global $DB;
$trans = $DB->start_delegated_transaction();
$sections = $DB->get_records('quiz_sections', array('quizid' => $quizid), 'firstslot ASC');
$firstslots = array();
foreach ($sections as $section) {
if ((int)$section->firstslot === 1) {
continue;
}
$firstslots[] = $section->firstslot;
}
$slots = $DB->get_records('quiz_slots', array('quizid' => $quizid),
'slot');
$currentpage = 1;
$slotsonthispage = 0;
foreach ($slots as $slot) {
if (($firstslots && in_array($slot->slot, $firstslots)) ||
($slotsonthispage && $slotsonthispage == $slotsperpage)) {
$currentpage += 1;
$slotsonthispage = 0;
}
if ($slot->page != $currentpage) {
$DB->set_field('quiz_slots', 'page', $currentpage, array('id' => $slot->id));
}
$slotsonthispage += 1;
}
$trans->allow_commit();
}
// Functions to do with quiz grades ////////////////////////////////////////////
/**
* Convert the raw grade stored in $attempt into a grade out of the maximum
* grade for this quiz.
*
* @param float $rawgrade the unadjusted grade, fof example $attempt->sumgrades
* @param object $quiz the quiz object. Only the fields grade, sumgrades and decimalpoints are used.
* @param bool|string $format whether to format the results for display
* or 'question' to format a question grade (different number of decimal places.
* @return float|string the rescaled grade, or null/the lang string 'notyetgraded'
* if the $grade is null.
*/
function quiz_rescale_grade($rawgrade, $quiz, $format = true) {
if (is_null($rawgrade)) {
$grade = null;
} else if ($quiz->sumgrades >= 0.000005) {
$grade = $rawgrade * $quiz->grade / $quiz->sumgrades;
} else {
$grade = 0;
}
if ($format === 'question') {
$grade = quiz_format_question_grade($quiz, $grade);
} else if ($format) {
$grade = quiz_format_grade($quiz, $grade);
}
return $grade;
}
/**
* Get the feedback object for this grade on this quiz.
*
* @param float $grade a grade on this quiz.
* @param object $quiz the quiz settings.
* @return false|stdClass the record object or false if there is not feedback for the given grade
* @since Moodle 3.1
*/
function quiz_feedback_record_for_grade($grade, $quiz) {
global $DB;
// With CBM etc, it is possible to get -ve grades, which would then not match
// any feedback. Therefore, we replace -ve grades with 0.
$grade = max($grade, 0);
$feedback = $DB->get_record_select('quiz_feedback',
'quizid = ? AND mingrade <= ? AND ? < maxgrade', array($quiz->id, $grade, $grade));
return $feedback;
}
/**
* Get the feedback text that should be show to a student who
* got this grade on this quiz. The feedback is processed ready for diplay.
*
* @param float $grade a grade on this quiz.
* @param object $quiz the quiz settings.
* @param object $context the quiz context.
* @return string the comment that corresponds to this grade (empty string if there is not one.
*/
function quiz_feedback_for_grade($grade, $quiz, $context) {
if (is_null($grade)) {
return '';
}
$feedback = quiz_feedback_record_for_grade($grade, $quiz);
if (empty($feedback->feedbacktext)) {
return '';
}
// Clean the text, ready for display.
$formatoptions = new stdClass();
$formatoptions->noclean = true;
$feedbacktext = file_rewrite_pluginfile_urls($feedback->feedbacktext, 'pluginfile.php',
$context->id, 'mod_quiz', 'feedback', $feedback->id);
$feedbacktext = format_text($feedbacktext, $feedback->feedbacktextformat, $formatoptions);
return $feedbacktext;
}
/**
* @param object $quiz the quiz database row.
* @return bool Whether this quiz has any non-blank feedback text.
*/
function quiz_has_feedback($quiz) {
global $DB;
static $cache = array();
if (!array_key_exists($quiz->id, $cache)) {
$cache[$quiz->id] = quiz_has_grades($quiz) &&
$DB->record_exists_select('quiz_feedback', "quizid = ? AND " .
$DB->sql_isnotempty('quiz_feedback', 'feedbacktext', false, true),
array($quiz->id));
}
return $cache[$quiz->id];
}
/**
* Update the sumgrades field of the quiz. This needs to be called whenever
* the grading structure of the quiz is changed. For example if a question is
* added or removed, or a question weight is changed.
*
* You should call {@link quiz_delete_previews()} before you call this function.
*
* @param object $quiz a quiz.
*/
function quiz_update_sumgrades($quiz) {
global $DB;
$sql = 'UPDATE {quiz}
SET sumgrades = COALESCE((
SELECT SUM(maxmark)
FROM {quiz_slots}
WHERE quizid = {quiz}.id
), 0)
WHERE id = ?';
$DB->execute($sql, array($quiz->id));
$quiz->sumgrades = $DB->get_field('quiz', 'sumgrades', array('id' => $quiz->id));
if ($quiz->sumgrades < 0.000005 && quiz_has_attempts($quiz->id)) {
// If the quiz has been attempted, and the sumgrades has been
// set to 0, then we must also set the maximum possible grade to 0, or
// we will get a divide by zero error.
quiz_set_grade(0, $quiz);
}
}
/**
* Update the sumgrades field of the attempts at a quiz.
*
* @param object $quiz a quiz.
*/
function quiz_update_all_attempt_sumgrades($quiz) {
global $DB;
$dm = new question_engine_data_mapper();
$timenow = time();
$sql = "UPDATE {quiz_attempts}
SET
timemodified = :timenow,
sumgrades = (
{$dm->sum_usage_marks_subquery('uniqueid')}
)
WHERE quiz = :quizid AND state = :finishedstate";
$DB->execute($sql, array('timenow' => $timenow, 'quizid' => $quiz->id,
'finishedstate' => quiz_attempt::FINISHED));
}
/**
* The quiz grade is the maximum that student's results are marked out of. When it
* changes, the corresponding data in quiz_grades and quiz_feedback needs to be
* rescaled. After calling this function, you probably need to call
* quiz_update_all_attempt_sumgrades, quiz_update_all_final_grades and
* quiz_update_grades.
*
* @param float $newgrade the new maximum grade for the quiz.
* @param object $quiz the quiz we are updating. Passed by reference so its
* grade field can be updated too.
* @return bool indicating success or failure.
*/
function quiz_set_grade($newgrade, $quiz) {
global $DB;
// This is potentially expensive, so only do it if necessary.
if (abs($quiz->grade - $newgrade) < 1e-7) {
// Nothing to do.
return true;
}
$oldgrade = $quiz->grade;
$quiz->grade = $newgrade;
// Use a transaction, so that on those databases that support it, this is safer.
$transaction = $DB->start_delegated_transaction();
// Update the quiz table.
$DB->set_field('quiz', 'grade', $newgrade, array('id' => $quiz->instance));
if ($oldgrade < 1) {
// If the old grade was zero, we cannot rescale, we have to recompute.
// We also recompute if the old grade was too small to avoid underflow problems.
quiz_update_all_final_grades($quiz);
} else {
// We can rescale the grades efficiently.
$timemodified = time();
$DB->execute("
UPDATE {quiz_grades}
SET grade = ? * grade, timemodified = ?
WHERE quiz = ?
", array($newgrade/$oldgrade, $timemodified, $quiz->id));
}
if ($oldgrade > 1e-7) {
// Update the quiz_feedback table.
$factor = $newgrade/$oldgrade;
$DB->execute("
UPDATE {quiz_feedback}
SET mingrade = ? * mingrade, maxgrade = ? * maxgrade
WHERE quizid = ?
", array($factor, $factor, $quiz->id));
}
// Update grade item and send all grades to gradebook.
quiz_grade_item_update($quiz);
quiz_update_grades($quiz);
$transaction->allow_commit();
return true;
}
/**
* Save the overall grade for a user at a quiz in the quiz_grades table
*
* @param object $quiz The quiz for which the best grade is to be calculated and then saved.
* @param int $userid The userid to calculate the grade for. Defaults to the current user.
* @param array $attempts The attempts of this user. Useful if you are
* looping through many users. Attempts can be fetched in one master query to
* avoid repeated querying.
* @return bool Indicates success or failure.
*/
function quiz_save_best_grade($quiz, $userid = null, $attempts = array()) {
global $DB, $OUTPUT, $USER;
if (empty($userid)) {
$userid = $USER->id;
}
if (!$attempts) {
// Get all the attempts made by the user.
$attempts = quiz_get_user_attempts($quiz->id, $userid);
}
// Calculate the best grade.
$bestgrade = quiz_calculate_best_grade($quiz, $attempts);
$bestgrade = quiz_rescale_grade($bestgrade, $quiz, false);
// Save the best grade in the database.
if (is_null($bestgrade)) {
$DB->delete_records('quiz_grades', array('quiz' => $quiz->id, 'userid' => $userid));
} else if ($grade = $DB->get_record('quiz_grades',
array('quiz' => $quiz->id, 'userid' => $userid))) {
$grade->grade = $bestgrade;
$grade->timemodified = time();
$DB->update_record('quiz_grades', $grade);
} else {
$grade = new stdClass();
$grade->quiz = $quiz->id;
$grade->userid = $userid;
$grade->grade = $bestgrade;
$grade->timemodified = time();
$DB->insert_record('quiz_grades', $grade);
}
quiz_update_grades($quiz, $userid);
}
/**
* Calculate the overall grade for a quiz given a number of attempts by a particular user.
*
* @param object $quiz the quiz settings object.
* @param array $attempts an array of all the user's attempts at this quiz in order.
* @return float the overall grade
*/
function quiz_calculate_best_grade($quiz, $attempts) {
switch ($quiz->grademethod) {
case QUIZ_ATTEMPTFIRST:
$firstattempt = reset($attempts);
return $firstattempt->sumgrades;
case QUIZ_ATTEMPTLAST:
$lastattempt = end($attempts);
return $lastattempt->sumgrades;
case QUIZ_GRADEAVERAGE:
$sum = 0;
$count = 0;
foreach ($attempts as $attempt) {
if (!is_null($attempt->sumgrades)) {
$sum += $attempt->sumgrades;
$count++;
}
}
if ($count == 0) {
return null;
}
return $sum / $count;
case QUIZ_GRADEHIGHEST:
default:
$max = null;
foreach ($attempts as $attempt) {
if ($attempt->sumgrades > $max) {
$max = $attempt->sumgrades;
}
}
return $max;
}
}
/**
* Update the final grade at this quiz for all students.
*
* This function is equivalent to calling quiz_save_best_grade for all
* users, but much more efficient.
*
* @param object $quiz the quiz settings.
*/
function quiz_update_all_final_grades($quiz) {
global $DB;
if (!$quiz->sumgrades) {
return;
}
$param = array('iquizid' => $quiz->id, 'istatefinished' => quiz_attempt::FINISHED);
$firstlastattemptjoin = "JOIN (
SELECT
iquiza.userid,
MIN(attempt) AS firstattempt,
MAX(attempt) AS lastattempt
FROM {quiz_attempts} iquiza
WHERE
iquiza.state = :istatefinished AND
iquiza.preview = 0 AND
iquiza.quiz = :iquizid
GROUP BY iquiza.userid
) first_last_attempts ON first_last_attempts.userid = quiza.userid";
switch ($quiz->grademethod) {
case QUIZ_ATTEMPTFIRST:
// Because of the where clause, there will only be one row, but we
// must still use an aggregate function.
$select = 'MAX(quiza.sumgrades)';
$join = $firstlastattemptjoin;
$where = 'quiza.attempt = first_last_attempts.firstattempt AND';
break;
case QUIZ_ATTEMPTLAST:
// Because of the where clause, there will only be one row, but we
// must still use an aggregate function.
$select = 'MAX(quiza.sumgrades)';
$join = $firstlastattemptjoin;
$where = 'quiza.attempt = first_last_attempts.lastattempt AND';
break;
case QUIZ_GRADEAVERAGE:
$select = 'AVG(quiza.sumgrades)';
$join = '';
$where = '';
break;
default:
case QUIZ_GRADEHIGHEST:
$select = 'MAX(quiza.sumgrades)';
$join = '';
$where = '';
break;
}
if ($quiz->sumgrades >= 0.000005) {
$finalgrade = $select . ' * ' . ($quiz->grade / $quiz->sumgrades);
} else {
$finalgrade = '0';
}
$param['quizid'] = $quiz->id;
$param['quizid2'] = $quiz->id;
$param['quizid3'] = $quiz->id;
$param['quizid4'] = $quiz->id;
$param['statefinished'] = quiz_attempt::FINISHED;
$param['statefinished2'] = quiz_attempt::FINISHED;
$finalgradesubquery = "
SELECT quiza.userid, $finalgrade AS newgrade
FROM {quiz_attempts} quiza
$join
WHERE
$where
quiza.state = :statefinished AND
quiza.preview = 0 AND
quiza.quiz = :quizid3
GROUP BY quiza.userid";
$changedgrades = $DB->get_records_sql("
SELECT users.userid, qg.id, qg.grade, newgrades.newgrade
FROM (
SELECT userid
FROM {quiz_grades} qg
WHERE quiz = :quizid
UNION
SELECT DISTINCT userid
FROM {quiz_attempts} quiza2
WHERE
quiza2.state = :statefinished2 AND
quiza2.preview = 0 AND
quiza2.quiz = :quizid2
) users
LEFT JOIN {quiz_grades} qg ON qg.userid = users.userid AND qg.quiz = :quizid4
LEFT JOIN (
$finalgradesubquery
) newgrades ON newgrades.userid = users.userid
WHERE
ABS(newgrades.newgrade - qg.grade) > 0.000005 OR
((newgrades.newgrade IS NULL OR qg.grade IS NULL) AND NOT
(newgrades.newgrade IS NULL AND qg.grade IS NULL))",
// The mess on the previous line is detecting where the value is
// NULL in one column, and NOT NULL in the other, but SQL does
// not have an XOR operator, and MS SQL server can't cope with
// (newgrades.newgrade IS NULL) <> (qg.grade IS NULL).
$param);
$timenow = time();
$todelete = array();
foreach ($changedgrades as $changedgrade) {
if (is_null($changedgrade->newgrade)) {
$todelete[] = $changedgrade->userid;
} else if (is_null($changedgrade->grade)) {
$toinsert = new stdClass();
$toinsert->quiz = $quiz->id;
$toinsert->userid = $changedgrade->userid;
$toinsert->timemodified = $timenow;
$toinsert->grade = $changedgrade->newgrade;
$DB->insert_record('quiz_grades', $toinsert);
} else {
$toupdate = new stdClass();
$toupdate->id = $changedgrade->id;
$toupdate->grade = $changedgrade->newgrade;
$toupdate->timemodified = $timenow;
$DB->update_record('quiz_grades', $toupdate);
}
}
if (!empty($todelete)) {
list($test, $params) = $DB->get_in_or_equal($todelete);
$DB->delete_records_select('quiz_grades', 'quiz = ? AND userid ' . $test,
array_merge(array($quiz->id), $params));
}
}
/**
> * Return summary of the number of settings override that exist.
* Efficiently update check state time on all open attempts
> *
*
> * To get a nice display of this, see the quiz_override_summary_links()
* @param array $conditions optional restrictions on which attempts to update
> * quiz renderer method.
* Allowed conditions:
> *
* courseid => (array|int) attempts in given course(s)
> * @param stdClass $quiz the quiz settings. Only $quiz->id is used at the moment.
* userid => (array|int) attempts for given user(s)
> * @param stdClass|cm_info $cm the cm object. Only $cm->course, $cm->groupmode and
* quizid => (array|int) attempts in given quiz(s)
> * $cm->groupingid fields are used at the moment.
* groupid => (array|int) quizzes with some override for given group(s)
> * @param int $currentgroup if there is a concept of current group where this method is being called
*
> * (e.g. a report) pass it in here. Default 0 which means no current group.
*/
> * @return array like 'group' => 3, 'user' => 12] where 3 is the number of group overrides,
function quiz_update_open_attempts(array $conditions) {
> * and 12 is the number of user ones.
global $DB;
> */
> function quiz_override_summary(stdClass $quiz, stdClass $cm, int $currentgroup = 0): array {
foreach ($conditions as &$value) {
> global $DB;
if (!is_array($value)) {
>
$value = array($value);
> if ($currentgroup) {
}
> // Currently only interested in one group.
}
> $groupcount = $DB->count_records('quiz_overrides', ['quiz' => $quiz->id, 'groupid' => $currentgroup]);
> $usercount = $DB->count_records_sql("
$params = array();
> SELECT COUNT(1)
$wheres = array("quiza.state IN ('inprogress', 'overdue')");
> FROM {quiz_overrides} o
$iwheres = array("iquiza.state IN ('inprogress', 'overdue')");
> JOIN {groups_members} gm ON o.userid = gm.userid
> WHERE o.quiz = ?
if (isset($conditions['courseid'])) {
> AND gm.groupid = ?
list ($incond, $inparams) = $DB->get_in_or_equal($conditions['courseid'], SQL_PARAMS_NAMED, 'cid');
> ", [$quiz->id, $currentgroup]);
$params = array_merge($params, $inparams);
> return ['group' => $groupcount, 'user' => $usercount, 'mode' => 'onegroup'];
$wheres[] = "quiza.quiz IN (SELECT q.id FROM {quiz} q WHERE q.course $incond)";
> }
list ($incond, $inparams) = $DB->get_in_or_equal($conditions['courseid'], SQL_PARAMS_NAMED, 'icid');
>
$params = array_merge($params, $inparams);
> $quizgroupmode = groups_get_activity_groupmode($cm);
$iwheres[] = "iquiza.quiz IN (SELECT q.id FROM {quiz} q WHERE q.course $incond)";
> $accessallgroups = ($quizgroupmode == NOGROUPS) ||
}
> has_capability('moodle/site:accessallgroups', context_module::instance($cm->id));
>
if (isset($conditions['userid'])) {
> if ($accessallgroups) {
list ($incond, $inparams) = $DB->get_in_or_equal($conditions['userid'], SQL_PARAMS_NAMED, 'uid');
> // User can see all groups.
$params = array_merge($params, $inparams);
> $groupcount = $DB->count_records_select('quiz_overrides',
$wheres[] = "quiza.userid $incond";
> 'quiz = ? AND groupid IS NOT NULL', [$quiz->id]);
list ($incond, $inparams) = $DB->get_in_or_equal($conditions['userid'], SQL_PARAMS_NAMED, 'iuid');
> $usercount = $DB->count_records_select('quiz_overrides',
$params = array_merge($params, $inparams);
> 'quiz = ? AND userid IS NOT NULL', [$quiz->id]);
$iwheres[] = "iquiza.userid $incond";
> return ['group' => $groupcount, 'user' => $usercount, 'mode' => 'allgroups'];
}
>
> } else {
if (isset($conditions['quizid'])) {
> // User can only see groups they are in.
list ($incond, $inparams) = $DB->get_in_or_equal($conditions['quizid'], SQL_PARAMS_NAMED, 'qid');
> $groups = groups_get_activity_allowed_groups($cm);
$params = array_merge($params, $inparams);
> if (!$groups) {
$wheres[] = "quiza.quiz $incond";
> return ['group' => 0, 'user' => 0, 'mode' => 'somegroups'];
list ($incond, $inparams) = $DB->get_in_or_equal($conditions['quizid'], SQL_PARAMS_NAMED, 'iqid');
> }
$params = array_merge($params, $inparams);
>
$iwheres[] = "iquiza.quiz $incond";
> list($groupidtest, $params) = $DB->get_in_or_equal(array_keys($groups));
}
> $params[] = $quiz->id;
>
if (isset($conditions['groupid'])) {
> $groupcount = $DB->count_records_select('quiz_overrides',
list ($incond, $inparams) = $DB->get_in_or_equal($conditions['groupid'], SQL_PARAMS_NAMED, 'gid');
> "groupid $groupidtest AND quiz = ?", $params);
$params = array_merge($params, $inparams);
> $usercount = $DB->count_records_sql("
$wheres[] = "quiza.quiz IN (SELECT qo.quiz FROM {quiz_overrides} qo WHERE qo.groupid $incond)";
> SELECT COUNT(1)
list ($incond, $inparams) = $DB->get_in_or_equal($conditions['groupid'], SQL_PARAMS_NAMED, 'igid');
> FROM {quiz_overrides} o
$params = array_merge($params, $inparams);
> JOIN {groups_members} gm ON o.userid = gm.userid
$iwheres[] = "iquiza.quiz IN (SELECT qo.quiz FROM {quiz_overrides} qo WHERE qo.groupid $incond)";
> WHERE gm.groupid $groupidtest
}
> AND o.quiz = ?
> ", $params);
// SQL to compute timeclose and timelimit for each attempt:
>
$quizausersql = quiz_get_attempt_usertime_sql(
> return ['group' => $groupcount, 'user' => $usercount, 'mode' => 'somegroups'];
implode("\n AND ", $iwheres));
> }
> }
// SQL to compute the new timecheckstate
>
$timecheckstatesql = "
> /**
CASE WHEN quizauser.usertimelimit = 0 AND quizauser.usertimeclose = 0 THEN NULL
WHEN quizauser.usertimelimit = 0 THEN quizauser.usertimeclose
WHEN quizauser.usertimeclose = 0 THEN quiza.timestart + quizauser.usertimelimit
WHEN quiza.timestart + quizauser.usertimelimit < quizauser.usertimeclose THEN quiza.timestart + quizauser.usertimelimit
ELSE quizauser.usertimeclose END +
CASE WHEN quiza.state = 'overdue' THEN quiz.graceperiod ELSE 0 END";
// SQL to select which attempts to process
$attemptselect = implode("\n AND ", $wheres);
/*
* Each database handles updates with inner joins differently:
* - mysql does not allow a FROM clause
* - postgres and mssql allow FROM but handle table aliases differently
* - oracle requires a subquery
*
* Different code for each database.
*/
$dbfamily = $DB->get_dbfamily();
if ($dbfamily == 'mysql') {
$updatesql = "UPDATE {quiz_attempts} quiza
JOIN {quiz} quiz ON quiz.id = quiza.quiz
JOIN ( $quizausersql ) quizauser ON quizauser.id = quiza.id
SET quiza.timecheckstate = $timecheckstatesql
WHERE $attemptselect";
} else if ($dbfamily == 'postgres') {
$updatesql = "UPDATE {quiz_attempts} quiza
SET timecheckstate = $timecheckstatesql
FROM {quiz} quiz, ( $quizausersql ) quizauser
WHERE quiz.id = quiza.quiz
AND quizauser.id = quiza.id
AND $attemptselect";
} else if ($dbfamily == 'mssql') {
$updatesql = "UPDATE quiza
SET timecheckstate = $timecheckstatesql
FROM {quiz_attempts} quiza
JOIN {quiz} quiz ON quiz.id = quiza.quiz
JOIN ( $quizausersql ) quizauser ON quizauser.id = quiza.id
WHERE $attemptselect";
} else {
// oracle, sqlite and others
$updatesql = "UPDATE {quiz_attempts} quiza
SET timecheckstate = (
SELECT $timecheckstatesql
FROM {quiz} quiz, ( $quizausersql ) quizauser
WHERE quiz.id = quiza.quiz
AND quizauser.id = quiza.id
)
WHERE $attemptselect";
}
$DB->execute($updatesql, $params);
}
/**
* Returns SQL to compute timeclose and timelimit for every attempt, taking into account user and group overrides.
* The query used herein is very similar to the one in function quiz_get_user_timeclose, so, in case you
* would change either one of them, make sure to apply your changes to both.
*
* @param string $redundantwhereclauses extra where clauses to add to the subquery
* for performance. These can use the table alias iquiza for the quiz attempts table.
* @return string SQL select with columns attempt.id, usertimeclose, usertimelimit.
*/
function quiz_get_attempt_usertime_sql($redundantwhereclauses = '') {
if ($redundantwhereclauses) {
$redundantwhereclauses = 'WHERE ' . $redundantwhereclauses;
}
// The multiple qgo JOINS are necessary because we want timeclose/timelimit = 0 (unlimited) to supercede
// any other group override
$quizausersql = "
SELECT iquiza.id,
COALESCE(MAX(quo.timeclose), MAX(qgo1.timeclose), MAX(qgo2.timeclose), iquiz.timeclose) AS usertimeclose,
COALESCE(MAX(quo.timelimit), MAX(qgo3.timelimit), MAX(qgo4.timelimit), iquiz.timelimit) AS usertimelimit
FROM {quiz_attempts} iquiza
JOIN {quiz} iquiz ON iquiz.id = iquiza.quiz
LEFT JOIN {quiz_overrides} quo ON quo.quiz = iquiza.quiz AND quo.userid = iquiza.userid
LEFT JOIN {groups_members} gm ON gm.userid = iquiza.userid
LEFT JOIN {quiz_overrides} qgo1 ON qgo1.quiz = iquiza.quiz AND qgo1.groupid = gm.groupid AND qgo1.timeclose = 0
LEFT JOIN {quiz_overrides} qgo2 ON qgo2.quiz = iquiza.quiz AND qgo2.groupid = gm.groupid AND qgo2.timeclose > 0
LEFT JOIN {quiz_overrides} qgo3 ON qgo3.quiz = iquiza.quiz AND qgo3.groupid = gm.groupid AND qgo3.timelimit = 0
LEFT JOIN {quiz_overrides} qgo4 ON qgo4.quiz = iquiza.quiz AND qgo4.groupid = gm.groupid AND qgo4.timelimit > 0
$redundantwhereclauses
GROUP BY iquiza.id, iquiz.id, iquiz.timeclose, iquiz.timelimit";
return $quizausersql;
}
/**
* Return the attempt with the best grade for a quiz
*
* Which attempt is the best depends on $quiz->grademethod. If the grade
* method is GRADEAVERAGE then this function simply returns the last attempt.
* @return object The attempt with the best grade
* @param object $quiz The quiz for which the best grade is to be calculated
* @param array $attempts An array of all the attempts of the user at the quiz
*/
function quiz_calculate_best_attempt($quiz, $attempts) {
switch ($quiz->grademethod) {
case QUIZ_ATTEMPTFIRST:
foreach ($attempts as $attempt) {
return $attempt;
}
break;
case QUIZ_GRADEAVERAGE: // We need to do something with it.
case QUIZ_ATTEMPTLAST:
foreach ($attempts as $attempt) {
$final = $attempt;
}
return $final;
default:
case QUIZ_GRADEHIGHEST:
$max = -1;
foreach ($attempts as $attempt) {
if ($attempt->sumgrades > $max) {
$max = $attempt->sumgrades;
$maxattempt = $attempt;
}
}
return $maxattempt;
}
}
/**
* @return array int => lang string the options for calculating the quiz grade
* from the individual attempt grades.
*/
function quiz_get_grading_options() {
return array(
QUIZ_GRADEHIGHEST => get_string('gradehighest', 'quiz'),
QUIZ_GRADEAVERAGE => get_string('gradeaverage', 'quiz'),
QUIZ_ATTEMPTFIRST => get_string('attemptfirst', 'quiz'),
QUIZ_ATTEMPTLAST => get_string('attemptlast', 'quiz')
);
}
/**
* @param int $option one of the values QUIZ_GRADEHIGHEST, QUIZ_GRADEAVERAGE,
* QUIZ_ATTEMPTFIRST or QUIZ_ATTEMPTLAST.
* @return the lang string for that option.
*/
function quiz_get_grading_option_name($option) {
$strings = quiz_get_grading_options();
return $strings[$option];
}
/**
* @return array string => lang string the options for handling overdue quiz
* attempts.
*/
function quiz_get_overdue_handling_options() {
return array(
'autosubmit' => get_string('overduehandlingautosubmit', 'quiz'),
'graceperiod' => get_string('overduehandlinggraceperiod', 'quiz'),
'autoabandon' => get_string('overduehandlingautoabandon', 'quiz'),
);
}
/**
* Get the choices for what size user picture to show.
* @return array string => lang string the options for whether to display the user's picture.
*/
function quiz_get_user_image_options() {
return array(
QUIZ_SHOWIMAGE_NONE => get_string('shownoimage', 'quiz'),
QUIZ_SHOWIMAGE_SMALL => get_string('showsmallimage', 'quiz'),
QUIZ_SHOWIMAGE_LARGE => get_string('showlargeimage', 'quiz'),
);
}
/**
* Return an user's timeclose for all quizzes in a course, hereby taking into account group and user overrides.
*
* @param int $courseid the course id.
* @return object An object with of all quizids and close unixdates in this course, taking into account the most lenient
* overrides, if existing and 0 if no close date is set.
*/
function quiz_get_user_timeclose($courseid) {
global $DB, $USER;
// For teacher and manager/admins return timeclose.
if (has_capability('moodle/course:update', context_course::instance($courseid))) {
$sql = "SELECT quiz.id, quiz.timeclose AS usertimeclose
FROM {quiz} quiz
WHERE quiz.course = :courseid";
$results = $DB->get_records_sql($sql, array('courseid' => $courseid));
return $results;
}
$sql = "SELECT q.id,
COALESCE(v.userclose, v.groupclose, q.timeclose, 0) AS usertimeclose
FROM (
SELECT quiz.id as quizid,
MAX(quo.timeclose) AS userclose, MAX(qgo.timeclose) AS groupclose
FROM {quiz} quiz
LEFT JOIN {quiz_overrides} quo on quiz.id = quo.quiz AND quo.userid = :userid
LEFT JOIN {groups_members} gm ON gm.userid = :useringroupid
LEFT JOIN {quiz_overrides} qgo on quiz.id = qgo.quiz AND qgo.groupid = gm.groupid
WHERE quiz.course = :courseid
GROUP BY quiz.id) v
JOIN {quiz} q ON q.id = v.quizid";
$results = $DB->get_records_sql($sql, array('userid' => $USER->id, 'useringroupid' => $USER->id, 'courseid' => $courseid));
return $results;
}
/**
* Get the choices to offer for the 'Questions per page' option.
* @return array int => string.
*/
function quiz_questions_per_page_options() {
$pageoptions = array();
$pageoptions[0] = get_string('neverallononepage', 'quiz');
$pageoptions[1] = get_string('everyquestion', 'quiz');
for ($i = 2; $i <= QUIZ_MAX_QPP_OPTION; ++$i) {
$pageoptions[$i] = get_string('everynquestions', 'quiz', $i);
}
return $pageoptions;
}
/**
* Get the human-readable name for a quiz attempt state.
* @param string $state one of the state constants like {@link quiz_attempt::IN_PROGRESS}.
* @return string The lang string to describe that state.
*/
function quiz_attempt_state_name($state) {
switch ($state) {
case quiz_attempt::IN_PROGRESS:
return get_string('stateinprogress', 'quiz');
case quiz_attempt::OVERDUE:
return get_string('stateoverdue', 'quiz');
case quiz_attempt::FINISHED:
return get_string('statefinished', 'quiz');
case quiz_attempt::ABANDONED:
return get_string('stateabandoned', 'quiz');
default:
throw new coding_exception('Unknown quiz attempt state.');
}
}
// Other quiz functions ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/**
* @param object $quiz the quiz.
* @param int $cmid the course_module object for this quiz.
* @param object $question the question.
* @param string $returnurl url to return to after action is done.
* @param int $variant which question variant to preview (optional).
* @return string html for a number of icons linked to action pages for a
* question - preview and edit / view icons depending on user capabilities.
*/
function quiz_question_action_icons($quiz, $cmid, $question, $returnurl, $variant = null) {
$html = quiz_question_preview_button($quiz, $question, false, $variant) . ' ' .
quiz_question_edit_button($cmid, $question, $returnurl);
return $html;
}
/**
* @param int $cmid the course_module.id for this quiz.
* @param object $question the question.
* @param string $returnurl url to return to after action is done.
* @param string $contentbeforeicon some HTML content to be added inside the link, before the icon.
* @return the HTML for an edit icon, view icon, or nothing for a question
* (depending on permissions).
*/
function quiz_question_edit_button($cmid, $question, $returnurl, $contentaftericon = '') {
global $CFG, $OUTPUT;
// Minor efficiency saving. Only get strings once, even if there are a lot of icons on one page.
static $stredit = null;
static $strview = null;
if ($stredit === null) {
$stredit = get_string('edit');
$strview = get_string('view');
}
// What sort of icon should we show?
$action = '';
if (!empty($question->id) &&
(question_has_capability_on($question, 'edit') ||
question_has_capability_on($question, 'move'))) {
$action = $stredit;
$icon = 't/edit';
} else if (!empty($question->id) &&
question_has_capability_on($question, 'view')) {
$action = $strview;
$icon = 'i/info';
}
// Build the icon.
if ($action) {
if ($returnurl instanceof moodle_url) {
$returnurl = $returnurl->out_as_local_url(false);
}
$questionparams = array('returnurl' => $returnurl, 'cmid' => $cmid, 'id' => $question->id);
$questionurl = new moodle_url("$CFG->wwwroot/question/question.php", $questionparams);
return '<a title="' . $action . '" href="' . $questionurl->out() . '" class="questioneditbutton">' .
$OUTPUT->pix_icon($icon, $action) . $contentaftericon .
'</a>';
} else if ($contentaftericon) {
return '<span class="questioneditbutton">' . $contentaftericon . '</span>';
} else {
return '';
}
}
/**
* @param object $quiz the quiz settings
* @param object $question the question
* @param int $variant which question variant to preview (optional).
* @return moodle_url to preview this question with the options from this quiz.
*/
function quiz_question_preview_url($quiz, $question, $variant = null) {
// Get the appropriate display options.
$displayoptions = mod_quiz_display_options::make_from_quiz($quiz,
mod_quiz_display_options::DURING);
$maxmark = null;
if (isset($question->maxmark)) {
$maxmark = $question->maxmark;
}
// Work out the correcte preview URL.
return question_preview_url($question->id, $quiz->preferredbehaviour,
$maxmark, $displayoptions, $variant);
}
/**
* @param object $quiz the quiz settings
* @param object $question the question
* @param bool $label if true, show the preview question label after the icon
* @param int $variant which question variant to preview (optional).
* @return the HTML for a preview question icon.
*/
function quiz_question_preview_button($quiz, $question, $label = false, $variant = null) {
global $PAGE;
if (!question_has_capability_on($question, 'use')) {
return '';
}
return $PAGE->get_renderer('mod_quiz', 'edit')->question_preview_icon($quiz, $question, $label, $variant);
}
/**
* @param object $attempt the attempt.
* @param object $context the quiz context.
* @return int whether flags should be shown/editable to the current user for this attempt.
*/
function quiz_get_flag_option($attempt, $context) {
global $USER;
if (!has_capability('moodle/question:flag', $context)) {
return question_display_options::HIDDEN;
} else if ($attempt->userid == $USER->id) {
return question_display_options::EDITABLE;
} else {
return question_display_options::VISIBLE;
}
}
/**
* Work out what state this quiz attempt is in - in the sense used by
* quiz_get_review_options, not in the sense of $attempt->state.
* @param object $quiz the quiz settings
* @param object $attempt the quiz_attempt database row.
* @return int one of the mod_quiz_display_options::DURING,
* IMMEDIATELY_AFTER, LATER_WHILE_OPEN or AFTER_CLOSE constants.
*/
function quiz_attempt_state($quiz, $attempt) {
if ($attempt->state == quiz_attempt::IN_PROGRESS) {
return mod_quiz_display_options::DURING;
} else if ($quiz->timeclose && time() >= $quiz->timeclose) {
return mod_quiz_display_options::AFTER_CLOSE;
} else if (time() < $attempt->timefinish + 120) {
return mod_quiz_display_options::IMMEDIATELY_AFTER;
} else {
return mod_quiz_display_options::LATER_WHILE_OPEN;
}
}
/**
* The the appropraite mod_quiz_display_options object for this attempt at this
* quiz right now.
*
* @param stdClass $quiz the quiz instance.
* @param stdClass $attempt the attempt in question.
* @param context $context the quiz context.
*
* @return mod_quiz_display_options
*/
function quiz_get_review_options($quiz, $attempt, $context) {
$options = mod_quiz_display_options::make_from_quiz($quiz, quiz_attempt_state($quiz, $attempt));
$options->readonly = true;
$options->flags = quiz_get_flag_option($attempt, $context);
if (!empty($attempt->id)) {
$options->questionreviewlink = new moodle_url('/mod/quiz/reviewquestion.php',
array('attempt' => $attempt->id));
}
// Show a link to the comment box only for closed attempts.
if (!empty($attempt->id) && $attempt->state == quiz_attempt::FINISHED && !$attempt->preview &&
!is_null($context) && has_capability('mod/quiz:grade', $context)) {
$options->manualcomment = question_display_options::VISIBLE;
$options->manualcommentlink = new moodle_url('/mod/quiz/comment.php',
array('attempt' => $attempt->id));
}
if (!is_null($context) && !$attempt->preview &&
has_capability('mod/quiz:viewreports', $context) &&
has_capability('moodle/grade:viewhidden', $context)) {
// People who can see reports and hidden grades should be shown everything,
// except during preview when teachers want to see what students see.
$options->attempt = question_display_options::VISIBLE;
$options->correctness = question_display_options::VISIBLE;
$options->marks = question_display_options::MARK_AND_MAX;
$options->feedback = question_display_options::VISIBLE;
$options->numpartscorrect = question_display_options::VISIBLE;
$options->manualcomment = question_display_options::VISIBLE;
$options->generalfeedback = question_display_options::VISIBLE;
$options->rightanswer = question_display_options::VISIBLE;
$options->overallfeedback = question_display_options::VISIBLE;
$options->history = question_display_options::VISIBLE;
> $options->userinfoinhistory = $attempt->userid;
}
return $options;
}
/**
* Combines the review options from a number of different quiz attempts.
* Returns an array of two ojects, so the suggested way of calling this
* funciton is:
* list($someoptions, $alloptions) = quiz_get_combined_reviewoptions(...)
*
* @param object $quiz the quiz instance.
* @param array $attempts an array of attempt objects.
*
* @return array of two options objects, one showing which options are true for
* at least one of the attempts, the other showing which options are true
* for all attempts.
*/
function quiz_get_combined_reviewoptions($quiz, $attempts) {
$fields = array('feedback', 'generalfeedback', 'rightanswer', 'overallfeedback');
$someoptions = new stdClass();
$alloptions = new stdClass();
foreach ($fields as $field) {
$someoptions->$field = false;
$alloptions->$field = true;
}
$someoptions->marks = question_display_options::HIDDEN;
$alloptions->marks = question_display_options::MARK_AND_MAX;
// This shouldn't happen, but we need to prevent reveal information.
if (empty($attempts)) {
return array($someoptions, $someoptions);
}
foreach ($attempts as $attempt) {
$attemptoptions = mod_quiz_display_options::make_from_quiz($quiz,
quiz_attempt_state($quiz, $attempt));
foreach ($fields as $field) {
$someoptions->$field = $someoptions->$field || $attemptoptions->$field;
$alloptions->$field = $alloptions->$field && $attemptoptions->$field;
}
$someoptions->marks = max($someoptions->marks, $attemptoptions->marks);
$alloptions->marks = min($alloptions->marks, $attemptoptions->marks);
}
return array($someoptions, $alloptions);
}
// Functions for sending notification messages /////////////////////////////////
/**
* Sends a confirmation message to the student confirming that the attempt was processed.
*
* @param object $a lots of useful information that can be used in the message
* subject and body.
*
* @return int|false as for {@link message_send()}.
*/
function quiz_send_confirmation($recipient, $a) {
// Add information about the recipient to $a.
// Don't do idnumber. we want idnumber to be the submitter's idnumber.
$a->username = fullname($recipient);
$a->userusername = $recipient->username;
// Prepare the message.
$eventdata = new \core\message\message();
$eventdata->courseid = $a->courseid;
$eventdata->component = 'mod_quiz';
$eventdata->name = 'confirmation';
$eventdata->notification = 1;
$eventdata->userfrom = core_user::get_noreply_user();
$eventdata->userto = $recipient;
$eventdata->subject = get_string('emailconfirmsubject', 'quiz', $a);
$eventdata->fullmessage = get_string('emailconfirmbody', 'quiz', $a);
$eventdata->fullmessageformat = FORMAT_PLAIN;
$eventdata->fullmessagehtml = '';
$eventdata->smallmessage = get_string('emailconfirmsmall', 'quiz', $a);
$eventdata->contexturl = $a->quizurl;
$eventdata->contexturlname = $a->quizname;
$eventdata->customdata = [
'cmid' => $a->quizcmid,
'instance' => $a->quizid,
'attemptid' => $a->attemptid,
];
// ... and send it.
return message_send($eventdata);
}
/**
* Sends notification messages to the interested parties that assign the role capability
*
* @param object $recipient user object of the intended recipient
* @param object $a associative array of replaceable fields for the templates
*
* @return int|false as for {@link message_send()}.
*/
function quiz_send_notification($recipient, $submitter, $a) {
global $PAGE;
// Recipient info for template.
$a->useridnumber = $recipient->idnumber;
$a->username = fullname($recipient);
$a->userusername = $recipient->username;
// Prepare the message.
$eventdata = new \core\message\message();
$eventdata->courseid = $a->courseid;
$eventdata->component = 'mod_quiz';
$eventdata->name = 'submission';
$eventdata->notification = 1;
$eventdata->userfrom = $submitter;
$eventdata->userto = $recipient;
$eventdata->subject = get_string('emailnotifysubject', 'quiz', $a);
$eventdata->fullmessage = get_string('emailnotifybody', 'quiz', $a);
$eventdata->fullmessageformat = FORMAT_PLAIN;
$eventdata->fullmessagehtml = '';
$eventdata->smallmessage = get_string('emailnotifysmall', 'quiz', $a);
$eventdata->contexturl = $a->quizreviewurl;
$eventdata->contexturlname = $a->quizname;
$userpicture = new user_picture($submitter);
$userpicture->size = 1; // Use f1 size.
$userpicture->includetoken = $recipient->id; // Generate an out-of-session token for the user receiving the message.
$eventdata->customdata = [
'cmid' => $a->quizcmid,
'instance' => $a->quizid,
'attemptid' => $a->attemptid,
'notificationiconurl' => $userpicture->get_url($PAGE)->out(false),
];
// ... and send it.
return message_send($eventdata);
}
/**
* Send all the requried messages when a quiz attempt is submitted.
*
* @param object $course the course
* @param object $quiz the quiz
* @param object $attempt this attempt just finished
* @param object $context the quiz context
* @param object $cm the coursemodule for this quiz
*
* @return bool true if all necessary messages were sent successfully, else false.
*/
function quiz_send_notification_messages($course, $quiz, $attempt, $context, $cm) {
global $CFG, $DB;
// Do nothing if required objects not present.
if (empty($course) or empty($quiz) or empty($attempt) or empty($context)) {
throw new coding_exception('$course, $quiz, $attempt, $context and $cm must all be set.');
}
$submitter = $DB->get_record('user', array('id' => $attempt->userid), '*', MUST_EXIST);
// Check for confirmation required.
$sendconfirm = false;
$notifyexcludeusers = '';
if (has_capability('mod/quiz:emailconfirmsubmission', $context, $submitter, false)) {
$notifyexcludeusers = $submitter->id;
$sendconfirm = true;
}
// Check for notifications required.
$notifyfields = 'u.id, u.username, u.idnumber, u.email, u.emailstop, u.lang,
u.timezone, u.mailformat, u.maildisplay, u.auth, u.suspended, u.deleted, ';
< $notifyfields .= get_all_user_name_fields(true, 'u');
> $userfieldsapi = \core_user\fields::for_name();
> $notifyfields .= $userfieldsapi->get_sql('u', false, '', '', false)->selects;
$groups = groups_get_all_groups($course->id, $submitter->id, $cm->groupingid);
if (is_array($groups) && count($groups) > 0) {
$groups = array_keys($groups);
} else if (groups_get_activity_groupmode($cm, $course) != NOGROUPS) {
// If the user is not in a group, and the quiz is set to group mode,
// then set $groups to a non-existant id so that only users with
// 'moodle/site:accessallgroups' get notified.
$groups = -1;
} else {
$groups = '';
}
$userstonotify = get_users_by_capability($context, 'mod/quiz:emailnotifysubmission',
$notifyfields, '', '', '', $groups, $notifyexcludeusers, false, false, true);
if (empty($userstonotify) && !$sendconfirm) {
return true; // Nothing to do.
}
$a = new stdClass();
// Course info.
$a->courseid = $course->id;
$a->coursename = $course->fullname;
$a->courseshortname = $course->shortname;
// Quiz info.
$a->quizname = $quiz->name;
$a->quizreporturl = $CFG->wwwroot . '/mod/quiz/report.php?id=' . $cm->id;
$a->quizreportlink = '<a href="' . $a->quizreporturl . '">' .
format_string($quiz->name) . ' report</a>';
$a->quizurl = $CFG->wwwroot . '/mod/quiz/view.php?id=' . $cm->id;
$a->quizlink = '<a href="' . $a->quizurl . '">' . format_string($quiz->name) . '</a>';
$a->quizid = $quiz->id;
$a->quizcmid = $cm->id;
// Attempt info.
$a->submissiontime = userdate($attempt->timefinish);
$a->timetaken = format_time($attempt->timefinish - $attempt->timestart);
$a->quizreviewurl = $CFG->wwwroot . '/mod/quiz/review.php?attempt=' . $attempt->id;
$a->quizreviewlink = '<a href="' . $a->quizreviewurl . '">' .
format_string($quiz->name) . ' review</a>';
$a->attemptid = $attempt->id;
// Student who sat the quiz info.
$a->studentidnumber = $submitter->idnumber;
$a->studentname = fullname($submitter);
$a->studentusername = $submitter->username;
$allok = true;
// Send notifications if required.
if (!empty($userstonotify)) {
foreach ($userstonotify as $recipient) {
$allok = $allok && quiz_send_notification($recipient, $submitter, $a);
}
}
// Send confirmation if required. We send the student confirmation last, so
// that if message sending is being intermittently buggy, which means we send
// some but not all messages, and then try again later, then teachers may get
// duplicate messages, but the student will always get exactly one.
if ($sendconfirm) {
$allok = $allok && quiz_send_confirmation($submitter, $a);
}
return $allok;
}
/**
* Send the notification message when a quiz attempt becomes overdue.
*
* @param quiz_attempt $attemptobj all the data about the quiz attempt.
*/
function quiz_send_overdue_message($attemptobj) {
global $CFG, $DB;
$submitter = $DB->get_record('user', array('id' => $attemptobj->get_userid()), '*', MUST_EXIST);
if (!$attemptobj->has_capability('mod/quiz:emailwarnoverdue', $submitter->id, false)) {
return; // Message not required.
}
if (!$attemptobj->has_response_to_at_least_one_graded_question()) {
return; // Message not required.
}
// Prepare lots of useful information that admins might want to include in
// the email message.
$quizname = format_string($attemptobj->get_quiz_name());
$deadlines = array();
if ($attemptobj->get_quiz()->timelimit) {
$deadlines[] = $attemptobj->get_attempt()->timestart + $attemptobj->get_quiz()->timelimit;
}
if ($attemptobj->get_quiz()->timeclose) {
$deadlines[] = $attemptobj->get_quiz()->timeclose;
}
$duedate = min($deadlines);
$graceend = $duedate + $attemptobj->get_quiz()->graceperiod;
$a = new stdClass();
// Course info.
$a->courseid = $attemptobj->get_course()->id;
$a->coursename = format_string($attemptobj->get_course()->fullname);
$a->courseshortname = format_string($attemptobj->get_course()->shortname);
// Quiz info.
$a->quizname = $quizname;
$a->quizurl = $attemptobj->view_url();
$a->quizlink = '<a href="' . $a->quizurl . '">' . $quizname . '</a>';
// Attempt info.
$a->attemptduedate = userdate($duedate);
$a->attemptgraceend = userdate($graceend);
$a->attemptsummaryurl = $attemptobj->summary_url()->out(false);
$a->attemptsummarylink = '<a href="' . $a->attemptsummaryurl . '">' . $quizname . ' review</a>';
// Student's info.
$a->studentidnumber = $submitter->idnumber;
$a->studentname = fullname($submitter);
$a->studentusername = $submitter->username;
// Prepare the message.
$eventdata = new \core\message\message();
$eventdata->courseid = $a->courseid;
$eventdata->component = 'mod_quiz';
$eventdata->name = 'attempt_overdue';
$eventdata->notification = 1;
$eventdata->userfrom = core_user::get_noreply_user();
$eventdata->userto = $submitter;
$eventdata->subject = get_string('emailoverduesubject', 'quiz', $a);
$eventdata->fullmessage = get_string('emailoverduebody', 'quiz', $a);
$eventdata->fullmessageformat = FORMAT_PLAIN;
$eventdata->fullmessagehtml = '';
$eventdata->smallmessage = get_string('emailoverduesmall', 'quiz', $a);
$eventdata->contexturl = $a->quizurl;
$eventdata->contexturlname = $a->quizname;
$eventdata->customdata = [
'cmid' => $attemptobj->get_cmid(),
'instance' => $attemptobj->get_quizid(),
'attemptid' => $attemptobj->get_attemptid(),
];
// Send the message.
return message_send($eventdata);
}
/**
* Handle the quiz_attempt_submitted event.
*
* This sends the confirmation and notification messages, if required.
*
* @param object $event the event object.
*/
function quiz_attempt_submitted_handler($event) {
global $DB;
$course = $DB->get_record('course', array('id' => $event->courseid));
$attempt = $event->get_record_snapshot('quiz_attempts', $event->objectid);
$quiz = $event->get_record_snapshot('quiz', $attempt->quiz);
$cm = get_coursemodule_from_id('quiz', $event->get_context()->instanceid, $event->courseid);
if (!($course && $quiz && $cm && $attempt)) {
// Something has been deleted since the event was raised. Therefore, the
// event is no longer relevant.
return true;
}
// Update completion state.
$completion = new completion_info($course);
< if ($completion->is_enabled($cm) && ($quiz->completionattemptsexhausted || $quiz->completionpass)) {
> if ($completion->is_enabled($cm) &&
> ($quiz->completionattemptsexhausted || $quiz->completionpass || $quiz->completionminattempts)) {
$completion->update_state($cm, COMPLETION_COMPLETE, $event->userid);
}
return quiz_send_notification_messages($course, $quiz, $attempt,
context_module::instance($cm->id), $cm);
}
/**
* Handle groups_member_added event
*
* @param object $event the event object.
* @deprecated since 2.6, see {@link \mod_quiz\group_observers::group_member_added()}.
*/
function quiz_groups_member_added_handler($event) {
debugging('quiz_groups_member_added_handler() is deprecated, please use ' .
'\mod_quiz\group_observers::group_member_added() instead.', DEBUG_DEVELOPER);
quiz_update_open_attempts(array('userid'=>$event->userid, 'groupid'=>$event->groupid));
}
/**
* Handle groups_member_removed event
*
* @param object $event the event object.
* @deprecated since 2.6, see {@link \mod_quiz\group_observers::group_member_removed()}.
*/
function quiz_groups_member_removed_handler($event) {
debugging('quiz_groups_member_removed_handler() is deprecated, please use ' .
'\mod_quiz\group_observers::group_member_removed() instead.', DEBUG_DEVELOPER);
quiz_update_open_attempts(array('userid'=>$event->userid, 'groupid'=>$event->groupid));
}
/**
* Handle groups_group_deleted event
*
* @param object $event the event object.
* @deprecated since 2.6, see {@link \mod_quiz\group_observers::group_deleted()}.
*/
function quiz_groups_group_deleted_handler($event) {
global $DB;
debugging('quiz_groups_group_deleted_handler() is deprecated, please use ' .
'\mod_quiz\group_observers::group_deleted() instead.', DEBUG_DEVELOPER);
quiz_process_group_deleted_in_course($event->courseid);
}
/**
* Logic to happen when a/some group(s) has/have been deleted in a course.
*
* @param int $courseid The course ID.
* @return void
*/
function quiz_process_group_deleted_in_course($courseid) {
global $DB;
// It would be nice if we got the groupid that was deleted.
// Instead, we just update all quizzes with orphaned group overrides.
< $sql = "SELECT o.id, o.quiz
> $sql = "SELECT o.id, o.quiz, o.groupid
FROM {quiz_overrides} o
JOIN {quiz} quiz ON quiz.id = o.quiz
LEFT JOIN {groups} grp ON grp.id = o.groupid
WHERE quiz.course = :courseid
AND o.groupid IS NOT NULL
AND grp.id IS NULL";
$params = array('courseid' => $courseid);
< $records = $DB->get_records_sql_menu($sql, $params);
> $records = $DB->get_records_sql($sql, $params);
if (!$records) {
return; // Nothing to do.
}
$DB->delete_records_list('quiz_overrides', 'id', array_keys($records));
< quiz_update_open_attempts(array('quizid' => array_unique(array_values($records))));
> $cache = cache::make('mod_quiz', 'overrides');
> foreach ($records as $record) {
> $cache->delete("{$record->quiz}_g_{$record->groupid}");
> }
> quiz_update_open_attempts(['quizid' => array_unique(array_column($records, 'quiz'))]);
}
/**
* Handle groups_members_removed event
*
* @param object $event the event object.
* @deprecated since 2.6, see {@link \mod_quiz\group_observers::group_member_removed()}.
*/
function quiz_groups_members_removed_handler($event) {
debugging('quiz_groups_members_removed_handler() is deprecated, please use ' .
'\mod_quiz\group_observers::group_member_removed() instead.', DEBUG_DEVELOPER);
if ($event->userid == 0) {
quiz_update_open_attempts(array('courseid'=>$event->courseid));
} else {
quiz_update_open_attempts(array('courseid'=>$event->courseid, 'userid'=>$event->userid));
}
}
/**
* Get the information about the standard quiz JavaScript module.
* @return array a standard jsmodule structure.
*/
function quiz_get_js_module() {
global $PAGE;
return array(
'name' => 'mod_quiz',
'fullpath' => '/mod/quiz/module.js',
'requires' => array('base', 'dom', 'event-delegate', 'event-key',
'core_question_engine', 'moodle-core-formchangechecker'),
'strings' => array(
array('cancel', 'moodle'),
array('flagged', 'question'),
array('functiondisabledbysecuremode', 'quiz'),
array('startattempt', 'quiz'),
array('timesup', 'quiz'),
array('changesmadereallygoaway', 'moodle'),
),
);
}
/**
* An extension of question_display_options that includes the extra options used
* by the quiz.
*
* @copyright 2010 The Open University
* @license http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
*/
class mod_quiz_display_options extends question_display_options {
/**#@+
* @var integer bits used to indicate various times in relation to a
* quiz attempt.
*/
const DURING = 0x10000;
const IMMEDIATELY_AFTER = 0x01000;
const LATER_WHILE_OPEN = 0x00100;
const AFTER_CLOSE = 0x00010;
/**#@-*/
/**
* @var boolean if this is false, then the student is not allowed to review
* anything about the attempt.
*/
public $attempt = true;
/**
* @var boolean if this is false, then the student is not allowed to review
* anything about the attempt.
*/
public $overallfeedback = self::VISIBLE;
/**
* Set up the various options from the quiz settings, and a time constant.
* @param object $quiz the quiz settings.
* @param int $one of the {@link DURING}, {@link IMMEDIATELY_AFTER},
* {@link LATER_WHILE_OPEN} or {@link AFTER_CLOSE} constants.
* @return mod_quiz_display_options set up appropriately.
*/
public static function make_from_quiz($quiz, $when) {
$options = new self();
$options->attempt = self::extract($quiz->reviewattempt, $when, true, false);
$options->correctness = self::extract($quiz->reviewcorrectness, $when);
$options->marks = self::extract($quiz->reviewmarks, $when,
self::MARK_AND_MAX, self::MAX_ONLY);
$options->feedback = self::extract($quiz->reviewspecificfeedback, $when);
$options->generalfeedback = self::extract($quiz->reviewgeneralfeedback, $when);
$options->rightanswer = self::extract($quiz->reviewrightanswer, $when);
$options->overallfeedback = self::extract($quiz->reviewoverallfeedback, $when);
$options->numpartscorrect = $options->feedback;
$options->manualcomment = $options->feedback;
if ($quiz->questiondecimalpoints != -1) {
$options->markdp = $quiz->questiondecimalpoints;
} else {
$options->markdp = $quiz->decimalpoints;
}
return $options;
}
protected static function extract($bitmask, $bit,
$whenset = self::VISIBLE, $whennotset = self::HIDDEN) {
if ($bitmask & $bit) {
return $whenset;
} else {
return $whennotset;
}
}
}
/**
* A {@link qubaid_condition} for finding all the question usages belonging to
* a particular quiz.
*
* @copyright 2010 The Open University
* @license http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
*/
class qubaids_for_quiz extends qubaid_join {
public function __construct($quizid, $includepreviews = true, $onlyfinished = false) {
$where = 'quiza.quiz = :quizaquiz';
$params = array('quizaquiz' => $quizid);
if (!$includepreviews) {
$where .= ' AND preview = 0';
}
if ($onlyfinished) {
$where .= ' AND state = :statefinished';
$params['statefinished'] = quiz_attempt::FINISHED;
}
parent::__construct('{quiz_attempts} quiza', 'quiza.uniqueid', $where, $params);
}
}
/**
* A {@link qubaid_condition} for finding all the question usages belonging to a particular user and quiz combination.
*
* @copyright 2018 Andrew Nicols <andrwe@nicols.co.uk>
* @license http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
*/
class qubaids_for_quiz_user extends qubaid_join {
/**
* Constructor for this qubaid.
*
* @param int $quizid The quiz to search.
* @param int $userid The user to filter on
* @param bool $includepreviews Whether to include preview attempts
* @param bool $onlyfinished Whether to only include finished attempts or not
*/
public function __construct($quizid, $userid, $includepreviews = true, $onlyfinished = false) {
$where = 'quiza.quiz = :quizaquiz AND quiza.userid = :quizauserid';
$params = [
'quizaquiz' => $quizid,
'quizauserid' => $userid,
];
if (!$includepreviews) {
$where .= ' AND preview = 0';
}
if ($onlyfinished) {
$where .= ' AND state = :statefinished';
$params['statefinished'] = quiz_attempt::FINISHED;
}
parent::__construct('{quiz_attempts} quiza', 'quiza.uniqueid', $where, $params);
}
}
/**
* Creates a textual representation of a question for display.
*
* @param object $question A question object from the database questions table
* @param bool $showicon If true, show the question's icon with the question. False by default.
* @param bool $showquestiontext If true (default), show question text after question name.
* If false, show only question name.
* @param bool $showidnumber If true, show the question's idnumber, if any. False by default.
* @param core_tag_tag[]|bool $showtags if array passed, show those tags. Else, if true, get and show tags,
* else, don't show tags (which is the default).
* @return string HTML fragment.
*/
function quiz_question_tostring($question, $showicon = false, $showquestiontext = true,
$showidnumber = false, $showtags = false) {
global $OUTPUT;
$result = '';
// Question name.
$name = shorten_text(format_string($question->name), 200);
if ($showicon) {
$name .= print_question_icon($question) . ' ' . $name;
}
$result .= html_writer::span($name, 'questionname');
// Question idnumber.
if ($showidnumber && $question->idnumber !== null && $question->idnumber !== '') {
$result .= ' ' . html_writer::span(
html_writer::span(get_string('idnumber', 'question'), 'accesshide') .
' ' . s($question->idnumber), 'badge badge-primary');
}
// Question tags.
if (is_array($showtags)) {
$tags = $showtags;
} else if ($showtags) {
$tags = core_tag_tag::get_item_tags('core_question', 'question', $question->id);
} else {
$tags = [];
}
if ($tags) {
$result .= $OUTPUT->tag_list($tags, null, 'd-inline', 0, null, true);
}
// Question text.
if ($showquestiontext) {
$questiontext = question_utils::to_plain_text($question->questiontext,
$question->questiontextformat, array('noclean' => true, 'para' => false));
$questiontext = shorten_text($questiontext, 200);
if ($questiontext) {
$result .= ' ' . html_writer::span(s($questiontext), 'questiontext');
}
}
return $result;
}
/**
* Verify that the question exists, and the user has permission to use it.
* Does not return. Throws an exception if the question cannot be used.
* @param int $questionid The id of the question.
*/
function quiz_require_question_use($questionid) {
global $DB;
$question = $DB->get_record('question', array('id' => $questionid), '*', MUST_EXIST);
question_require_capability_on($question, 'use');
}
/**
* Verify that the question exists, and the user has permission to use it.
* @param object $quiz the quiz settings.
* @param int $slot which question in the quiz to test.
* @return bool whether the user can use this question.
*/
function quiz_has_question_use($quiz, $slot) {
global $DB;
$question = $DB->get_record_sql("
SELECT q.*
FROM {quiz_slots} slot
JOIN {question} q ON q.id = slot.questionid
WHERE slot.quizid = ? AND slot.slot = ?", array($quiz->id, $slot));
if (!$question) {
return false;
}
return question_has_capability_on($question, 'use');
}
/**
* Add a question to a quiz
*
* Adds a question to a quiz by updating $quiz as well as the
* quiz and quiz_slots tables. It also adds a page break if required.
* @param int $questionid The id of the question to be added
* @param object $quiz The extended quiz object as used by edit.php
* This is updated by this function
* @param int $page Which page in quiz to add the question on. If 0 (default),
* add at the end
* @param float $maxmark The maximum mark to set for this question. (Optional,
* defaults to question.defaultmark.
* @return bool false if the question was already in the quiz
*/
function quiz_add_quiz_question($questionid, $quiz, $page = 0, $maxmark = null) {
global $DB;
// Make sue the question is not of the "random" type.
$questiontype = $DB->get_field('question', 'qtype', array('id' => $questionid));
if ($questiontype == 'random') {
throw new coding_exception(
'Adding "random" questions via quiz_add_quiz_question() is deprecated. Please use quiz_add_random_questions().'
);
}
$trans = $DB->start_delegated_transaction();
$slots = $DB->get_records('quiz_slots', array('quizid' => $quiz->id),
'slot', 'questionid, slot, page, id');
if (array_key_exists($questionid, $slots)) {
$trans->allow_commit();
return false;
}
$maxpage = 1;
$numonlastpage = 0;
foreach ($slots as $slot) {
if ($slot->page > $maxpage) {
$maxpage = $slot->page;
$numonlastpage = 1;
} else {
$numonlastpage += 1;
}
}
// Add the new question instance.
$slot = new stdClass();
$slot->quizid = $quiz->id;
$slot->questionid = $questionid;
if ($maxmark !== null) {
$slot->maxmark = $maxmark;
} else {
$slot->maxmark = $DB->get_field('question', 'defaultmark', array('id' => $questionid));
}
if (is_int($page) && $page >= 1) {
// Adding on a given page.
$lastslotbefore = 0;
foreach (array_reverse($slots) as $otherslot) {
if ($otherslot->page > $page) {
$DB->set_field('quiz_slots', 'slot', $otherslot->slot + 1, array('id' => $otherslot->id));
} else {
$lastslotbefore = $otherslot->slot;
break;
}
}
$slot->slot = $lastslotbefore + 1;
$slot->page = min($page, $maxpage + 1);
quiz_update_section_firstslots($quiz->id, 1, max($lastslotbefore, 1));
} else {
$lastslot = end($slots);
if ($lastslot) {
$slot->slot = $lastslot->slot + 1;
} else {
$slot->slot = 1;
}
if ($quiz->questionsperpage && $numonlastpage >= $quiz->questionsperpage) {
$slot->page = $maxpage + 1;
} else {
$slot->page = $maxpage;
}
}
$DB->insert_record('quiz_slots', $slot);
$trans->allow_commit();
}
/**
* Move all the section headings in a certain slot range by a certain offset.
*
* @param int $quizid the id of a quiz
* @param int $direction amount to adjust section heading positions. Normally +1 or -1.
* @param int $afterslot adjust headings that start after this slot.
* @param int|null $beforeslot optionally, only adjust headings before this slot.
*/
function quiz_update_section_firstslots($quizid, $direction, $afterslot, $beforeslot = null) {
global $DB;
$where = 'quizid = ? AND firstslot > ?';
$params = [$direction, $quizid, $afterslot];
if ($beforeslot) {
$where .= ' AND firstslot < ?';
$params[] = $beforeslot;
}
$firstslotschanges = $DB->get_records_select_menu('quiz_sections',
$where, $params, '', 'firstslot, firstslot + ?');
update_field_with_unique_index('quiz_sections', 'firstslot', $firstslotschanges, ['quizid' => $quizid]);
}
/**
* Add a random question to the quiz at a given point.
* @param stdClass $quiz the quiz settings.
* @param int $addonpage the page on which to add the question.
* @param int $categoryid the question category to add the question from.
* @param int $number the number of random questions to add.
* @param bool $includesubcategories whether to include questoins from subcategories.
* @param int[] $tagids Array of tagids. The question that will be picked randomly should be tagged with all these tags.
*/
function quiz_add_random_questions($quiz, $addonpage, $categoryid, $number,
$includesubcategories, $tagids = []) {
global $DB;
$category = $DB->get_record('question_categories', array('id' => $categoryid));
if (!$category) {
print_error('invalidcategoryid', 'error');
}
$catcontext = context::instance_by_id($category->contextid);
require_capability('moodle/question:useall', $catcontext);
$tags = \core_tag_tag::get_bulk($tagids, 'id, name');
$tagstrings = [];
foreach ($tags as $tag) {
$tagstrings[] = "{$tag->id},{$tag->name}";
}
// Find existing random questions in this category that are
// not used by any quiz.
$existingquestions = $DB->get_records_sql(
"SELECT q.id, q.qtype FROM {question} q
WHERE qtype = 'random'
AND category = ?
AND " . $DB->sql_compare_text('questiontext') . " = ?
AND NOT EXISTS (
SELECT *
FROM {quiz_slots}
WHERE questionid = q.id)
ORDER BY id", array($category->id, $includesubcategories ? '1' : '0'));
for ($i = 0; $i < $number; $i++) {
// Take as many of orphaned "random" questions as needed.
if (!$question = array_shift($existingquestions)) {
$form = new stdClass();
$form->category = $category->id . ',' . $category->contextid;
$form->includesubcategories = $includesubcategories;
$form->fromtags = $tagstrings;
$form->defaultmark = 1;
$form->hidden = 1;
$form->stamp = make_unique_id_code(); // Set the unique code (not to be changed).
$question = new stdClass();
$question->qtype = 'random';
$question = question_bank::get_qtype('random')->save_question($question, $form);
if (!isset($question->id)) {
print_error('cannotinsertrandomquestion', 'quiz');
}
}
$randomslotdata = new stdClass();
$randomslotdata->quizid = $quiz->id;
$randomslotdata->questionid = $question->id;
$randomslotdata->questioncategoryid = $categoryid;
$randomslotdata->includingsubcategories = $includesubcategories ? 1 : 0;
$randomslotdata->maxmark = 1;
$randomslot = new \mod_quiz\local\structure\slot_random($randomslotdata);
$randomslot->set_quiz($quiz);
$randomslot->set_tags($tags);
$randomslot->insert($addonpage);
}
}
/**
* Mark the activity completed (if required) and trigger the course_module_viewed event.
*
* @param stdClass $quiz quiz object
* @param stdClass $course course object
* @param stdClass $cm course module object
* @param stdClass $context context object
* @since Moodle 3.1
*/
function quiz_view($quiz, $course, $cm, $context) {
$params = array(
'objectid' => $quiz->id,
'context' => $context
);
$event = \mod_quiz\event\course_module_viewed::create($params);
$event->add_record_snapshot('quiz', $quiz);
$event->trigger();
// Completion.
$completion = new completion_info($course);
$completion->set_module_viewed($cm);
}
/**
* Validate permissions for creating a new attempt and start a new preview attempt if required.
*
* @param quiz $quizobj quiz object
* @param quiz_access_manager $accessmanager quiz access manager
* @param bool $forcenew whether was required to start a new preview attempt
* @param int $page page to jump to in the attempt
* @param bool $redirect whether to redirect or throw exceptions (for web or ws usage)
* @return array an array containing the attempt information, access error messages and the page to jump to in the attempt
* @throws moodle_quiz_exception
* @since Moodle 3.1
*/
function quiz_validate_new_attempt(quiz $quizobj, quiz_access_manager $accessmanager, $forcenew, $page, $redirect) {
global $DB, $USER;
$timenow = time();
if ($quizobj->is_preview_user() && $forcenew) {
$accessmanager->current_attempt_finished();
}
// Check capabilities.
if (!$quizobj->is_preview_user()) {
$quizobj->require_capability('mod/quiz:attempt');
}
// Check to see if a new preview was requested.
if ($quizobj->is_preview_user() && $forcenew) {
// To force the creation of a new preview, we mark the current attempt (if any)
// as abandoned. It will then automatically be deleted below.
$DB->set_field('quiz_attempts', 'state', quiz_attempt::ABANDONED,
array('quiz' => $quizobj->get_quizid(), 'userid' => $USER->id));
}
// Look for an existing attempt.
$attempts = quiz_get_user_attempts($quizobj->get_quizid(), $USER->id, 'all', true);
$lastattempt = end($attempts);
$attemptnumber = null;
// If an in-progress attempt exists, check password then redirect to it.
if ($lastattempt && ($lastattempt->state == quiz_attempt::IN_PROGRESS ||
$lastattempt->state == quiz_attempt::OVERDUE)) {
$currentattemptid = $lastattempt->id;
$messages = $accessmanager->prevent_access();
// If the attempt is now overdue, deal with that.
$quizobj->create_attempt_object($lastattempt)->handle_if_time_expired($timenow, true);
// And, if the attempt is now no longer in progress, redirect to the appropriate place.
if ($lastattempt->state == quiz_attempt::ABANDONED || $lastattempt->state == quiz_attempt::FINISHED) {
if ($redirect) {
redirect($quizobj->review_url($lastattempt->id));
} else {
throw new moodle_quiz_exception($quizobj, 'attemptalreadyclosed');
}
}
// If the page number was not explicitly in the URL, go to the current page.
if ($page == -1) {
$page = $lastattempt->currentpage;
}
} else {
while ($lastattempt && $lastattempt->preview) {
$lastattempt = array_pop($attempts);
}
// Get number for the next or unfinished attempt.
if ($lastattempt) {
$attemptnumber = $lastattempt->attempt + 1;
} else {
$lastattempt = false;
$attemptnumber = 1;
}
$currentattemptid = null;
$messages = $accessmanager->prevent_access() +
$accessmanager->prevent_new_attempt(count($attempts), $lastattempt);
if ($page == -1) {
$page = 0;
}
}
return array($currentattemptid, $attemptnumber, $lastattempt, $messages, $page);
}
/**
* Prepare and start a new attempt deleting the previous preview attempts.
*
* @param quiz $quizobj quiz object
* @param int $attemptnumber the attempt number
* @param object $lastattempt last attempt object
* @param bool $offlineattempt whether is an offline attempt or not
* @param array $forcedrandomquestions slot number => question id. Used for random questions,
* to force the choice of a particular actual question. Intended for testing purposes only.
* @param array $forcedvariants slot number => variant. Used for questions with variants,
* to force the choice of a particular variant. Intended for testing purposes only.
* @param int $userid Specific user id to create an attempt for that user, null for current logged in user
* @return object the new attempt
* @since Moodle 3.1
*/
function quiz_prepare_and_start_new_attempt(quiz $quizobj, $attemptnumber, $lastattempt,
$offlineattempt = false, $forcedrandomquestions = [], $forcedvariants = [], $userid = null) {
global $DB, $USER;
if ($userid === null) {
$userid = $USER->id;
$ispreviewuser = $quizobj->is_preview_user();
} else {
$ispreviewuser = has_capability('mod/quiz:preview', $quizobj->get_context(), $userid);
}
// Delete any previous preview attempts belonging to this user.
quiz_delete_previews($quizobj->get_quiz(), $userid);
$quba = question_engine::make_questions_usage_by_activity('mod_quiz', $quizobj->get_context());
$quba->set_preferred_behaviour($quizobj->get_quiz()->preferredbehaviour);
// Create the new attempt and initialize the question sessions
$timenow = time(); // Update time now, in case the server is running really slowly.
$attempt = quiz_create_attempt($quizobj, $attemptnumber, $lastattempt, $timenow, $ispreviewuser, $userid);
if (!($quizobj->get_quiz()->attemptonlast && $lastattempt)) {
$attempt = quiz_start_new_attempt($quizobj, $quba, $attempt, $attemptnumber, $timenow,
$forcedrandomquestions, $forcedvariants);
} else {
$attempt = quiz_start_attempt_built_on_last($quba, $attempt, $lastattempt);
}
$transaction = $DB->start_delegated_transaction();
// Init the timemodifiedoffline for offline attempts.
if ($offlineattempt) {
$attempt->timemodifiedoffline = $attempt->timemodified;
}
$attempt = quiz_attempt_save_started($quizobj, $quba, $attempt);
$transaction->allow_commit();
return $attempt;
}
/**
* Check if the given calendar_event is either a user or group override
* event for quiz.
*
* @param calendar_event $event The calendar event to check
* @return bool
*/
function quiz_is_overriden_calendar_event(\calendar_event $event) {
global $DB;
if (!isset($event->modulename)) {
return false;
}
if ($event->modulename != 'quiz') {
return false;
}
if (!isset($event->instance)) {
return false;
}
if (!isset($event->userid) && !isset($event->groupid)) {
return false;
}
$overrideparams = [
'quiz' => $event->instance
];
if (isset($event->groupid)) {
$overrideparams['groupid'] = $event->groupid;
} else if (isset($event->userid)) {
$overrideparams['userid'] = $event->userid;
}
return $DB->record_exists('quiz_overrides', $overrideparams);
}
/**
* Retrieves tag information for the given list of quiz slot ids.
* Currently the only slots that have tags are random question slots.
*
* Example:
* If we have 3 slots with id 1, 2, and 3. The first slot has two tags, the second
* has one tag, and the third has zero tags. The return structure will look like:
* [
* 1 => [
* quiz_slot_tags.id => { ...tag data... },
* quiz_slot_tags.id => { ...tag data... },
* ],
* 2 => [
* quiz_slot_tags.id => { ...tag data... },
* ],
* 3 => [],
* ]
*
* @param int[] $slotids The list of id for the quiz slots.
* @return array[] List of quiz_slot_tags records indexed by slot id.
*/
function quiz_retrieve_tags_for_slot_ids($slotids) {
global $DB;
if (empty($slotids)) {
return [];
}
$slottags = $DB->get_records_list('quiz_slot_tags', 'slotid', $slotids);
$tagsbyid = core_tag_tag::get_bulk(array_filter(array_column($slottags, 'tagid')), 'id, name');
$tagsbyname = false; // It will be loaded later if required.
$emptytagids = array_reduce($slotids, function($carry, $slotid) {
$carry[$slotid] = [];
return $carry;
}, []);
return array_reduce(
$slottags,
function($carry, $slottag) use ($slottags, $tagsbyid, $tagsbyname) {
if (isset($tagsbyid[$slottag->tagid])) {
// Make sure that we're returning the most updated tag name.
$slottag->tagname = $tagsbyid[$slottag->tagid]->name;
} else {
if ($tagsbyname === false) {
// We were hoping that this query could be avoided, but life
// showed its other side to us!
$tagcollid = core_tag_area::get_collection('core', 'question');
$tagsbyname = core_tag_tag::get_by_name_bulk(
$tagcollid,
array_column($slottags, 'tagname'),
'id, name'
);
}
if (isset($tagsbyname[$slottag->tagname])) {
// Make sure that we're returning the current tag id that matches
// the given tag name.
$slottag->tagid = $tagsbyname[$slottag->tagname]->id;
} else {
// The tag does not exist anymore (neither the tag id nor the tag name
// matches an existing tag).
// We still need to include this row in the result as some callers might
// be interested in these rows. An example is the editing forms that still
// need to display tag names even if they don't exist anymore.
$slottag->tagid = null;
}
}
$carry[$slottag->slotid][$slottag->id] = $slottag;
return $carry;
},
$emptytagids
);
}
/**
* Retrieves tag information for the given quiz slot.
* A quiz slot have some tags if and only if it is representing a random question by tags.
*
* @param int $slotid The id of the quiz slot.
* @return stdClass[] List of quiz_slot_tags records.
*/
function quiz_retrieve_slot_tags($slotid) {
$slottags = quiz_retrieve_tags_for_slot_ids([$slotid]);
return $slottags[$slotid];
}
/**
* Retrieves tag ids for the given quiz slot.
* A quiz slot have some tags if and only if it is representing a random question by tags.
*
* @param int $slotid The id of the quiz slot.
* @return int[]
*/
function quiz_retrieve_slot_tag_ids($slotid) {
$tags = quiz_retrieve_slot_tags($slotid);
// Only work with tags that exist.
return array_filter(array_column($tags, 'tagid'));
}
/**
* Get quiz attempt and handling error.
*
* @param int $attemptid the id of the current attempt.
* @param int|null $cmid the course_module id for this quiz.
* @return quiz_attempt $attemptobj all the data about the quiz attempt.
* @throws moodle_exception
*/
function quiz_create_attempt_handling_errors($attemptid, $cmid = null) {
try {
$attempobj = quiz_attempt::create($attemptid);
} catch (moodle_exception $e) {
if (!empty($cmid)) {
list($course, $cm) = get_course_and_cm_from_cmid($cmid, 'quiz');
$continuelink = new moodle_url('/mod/quiz/view.php', array('id' => $cmid));
$context = context_module::instance($cm->id);
if (has_capability('mod/quiz:preview', $context)) {
throw new moodle_exception('attempterrorcontentchange', 'quiz', $continuelink);
} else {
throw new moodle_exception('attempterrorcontentchangeforuser', 'quiz', $continuelink);
}
} else {
throw new moodle_exception('attempterrorinvalid', 'quiz');
}
}
if (!empty($cmid) && $attempobj->get_cmid() != $cmid) {
throw new moodle_exception('invalidcoursemodule');
} else {
return $attempobj;
}
}
