<?php
// This file is part of Moodle - http://moodle.org/
//
// Moodle is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
//
// Moodle is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
// GNU General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
// along with Moodle.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.


> namespace core;
/**
> 
 * Unit tests for /lib/externallib.php.
> defined('MOODLE_INTERNAL') || die();
 *
> 
 * @package    core
> global $CFG;
 * @subpackage phpunit
> require_once($CFG->libdir . '/externallib.php');
 * @copyright  2009 Petr Skoda {@link http://skodak.org}
> 


 * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
 */

< 
< defined('MOODLE_INTERNAL') || die();
< 
< global $CFG;
< require_once($CFG->libdir . '/externallib.php');
< 
< 
< class core_externallib_testcase extends advanced_testcase {



> class externallib_test extends \advanced_testcase {


    protected $DB;

    public function setUp(): void {
        $this->DB = null;
    }

    public function tearDown(): void {
        global $DB;
        if ($this->DB !== null) {
            $DB = $this->DB;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Tests for external_settings class.
     */
    public function test_external_settings() {

        $settings = \external_settings::get_instance();
        $currentraw = $settings->get_raw();
        $currentfilter = $settings->get_filter();
        $currentfile = $settings->get_file();
        $currentfileurl = $settings->get_fileurl();


<         $this->assertInstanceOf('external_settings', $settings);



>         $this->assertInstanceOf(\external_settings::class, $settings);



        // Check apis.
        $settings->set_file('plugin.php');
        $this->assertEquals('plugin.php', $settings->get_file());
        $settings->set_filter(false);
        $this->assertFalse($settings->get_filter());
        $settings->set_fileurl(false);
        $this->assertFalse($settings->get_fileurl());
        $settings->set_raw(true);
        $this->assertTrue($settings->get_raw());

        // Restore original values.
        $settings->set_file($currentfile);
        $settings->set_filter($currentfilter);
        $settings->set_fileurl($currentfileurl);
        $settings->set_raw($currentraw);
    }

    public function test_validate_params() {
        $params = array('text'=>'aaa', 'someid'=>'6');

<         $description = new external_function_parameters(array('someid' => new external_value(PARAM_INT, 'Some int value'),
<             'text'   => new external_value(PARAM_ALPHA, 'Some text value')));
<         $result = external_api::validate_parameters($description, $params);



>         $description = new \external_function_parameters(array('someid' => new \external_value(PARAM_INT, 'Some int value'),
>             'text'   => new \external_value(PARAM_ALPHA, 'Some text value')));
>         $result = \external_api::validate_parameters($description, $params);


        $this->assertCount(2, $result);
        reset($result);
        $this->assertSame('someid', key($result));
        $this->assertSame(6, $result['someid']);
        $this->assertSame('aaa', $result['text']);

        $params = array('someids'=>array('1', 2, 'a'=>'3'), 'scalar'=>666);

<         $description = new external_function_parameters(array('someids' => new external_multiple_structure(new external_value(PARAM_INT, 'Some ID')),
<             'scalar'  => new external_value(PARAM_ALPHANUM, 'Some text value')));
<         $result = external_api::validate_parameters($description, $params);



>         $description = new \external_function_parameters(array('someids' => new \external_multiple_structure(new \external_value(PARAM_INT, 'Some ID')),
>             'scalar'  => new \external_value(PARAM_ALPHANUM, 'Some text value')));
>         $result = \external_api::validate_parameters($description, $params);


        $this->assertCount(2, $result);
        reset($result);
        $this->assertSame('someids', key($result));
        $this->assertEquals(array(0=>1, 1=>2, 2=>3), $result['someids']);
        $this->assertSame('666', $result['scalar']);

        $params = array('text'=>'aaa');

<         $description = new external_function_parameters(array('someid' => new external_value(PARAM_INT, 'Some int value', false),
<             'text'   => new external_value(PARAM_ALPHA, 'Some text value')));
<         $result = external_api::validate_parameters($description, $params);



>         $description = new \external_function_parameters(array(
>             'someid' => new \external_value(PARAM_INT, 'Some int value', VALUE_DEFAULT),
>             'text'   => new \external_value(PARAM_ALPHA, 'Some text value')));
>         $result = \external_api::validate_parameters($description, $params);


        $this->assertCount(2, $result);
        reset($result);
        $this->assertSame('someid', key($result));
        $this->assertNull($result['someid']);
        $this->assertSame('aaa', $result['text']);

        $params = array('text'=>'aaa');

<         $description = new external_function_parameters(array('someid' => new external_value(PARAM_INT, 'Some int value', false, 6),
<             'text'   => new external_value(PARAM_ALPHA, 'Some text value')));
<         $result = external_api::validate_parameters($description, $params);



>         $description = new \external_function_parameters(array(
>             'someid' => new \external_value(PARAM_INT, 'Some int value', VALUE_DEFAULT, 6),
>             'text'   => new \external_value(PARAM_ALPHA, 'Some text value')));
>         $result = \external_api::validate_parameters($description, $params);


        $this->assertCount(2, $result);
        reset($result);
        $this->assertSame('someid', key($result));
        $this->assertSame(6, $result['someid']);
        $this->assertSame('aaa', $result['text']);
    }

    public function test_external_format_text() {

<         $settings = external_settings::get_instance();



>         $settings = \external_settings::get_instance();



        $currentraw = $settings->get_raw();
        $currentfilter = $settings->get_filter();

        $settings->set_raw(true);
        $settings->set_filter(false);

<         $context = context_system::instance();



>         $context = \context_system::instance();



        $test = '$$ \pi $$';
        $testformat = FORMAT_MARKDOWN;
        $correct = array($test, $testformat);
        // Function external_format_text should work with context id or context instance.
        $this->assertSame(external_format_text($test, $testformat, $context->id, 'core', '', 0), $correct);
        $this->assertSame(external_format_text($test, $testformat, $context, 'core', '', 0), $correct);

        $settings->set_raw(false);
        $settings->set_filter(true);

        $test = '$$ \pi $$';
        $testformat = FORMAT_MARKDOWN;
        $correct = array('<span class="filter_mathjaxloader_equation"><p><span class="nolink">$$ \pi $$</span></p>
</span>', FORMAT_HTML);
        // Function external_format_text should work with context id or context instance.
        $this->assertSame(external_format_text($test, $testformat, $context->id, 'core', '', 0), $correct);
        $this->assertSame(external_format_text($test, $testformat, $context, 'core', '', 0), $correct);

        // Filters can be opted out from by the developer.
        $test = '$$ \pi $$';
        $testformat = FORMAT_MARKDOWN;
        $correct = array('<p>$$ \pi $$</p>
', FORMAT_HTML);
        // Function external_format_text should work with context id or context instance.
        $this->assertSame(external_format_text($test, $testformat, $context->id, 'core', '', 0, ['filter' => false]), $correct);
        $this->assertSame(external_format_text($test, $testformat, $context, 'core', '', 0, ['filter' => false]), $correct);

        $test = '<p><a id="test"></a><a href="#test">Text</a></p>';
        $testformat = FORMAT_HTML;
        $correct = array($test, FORMAT_HTML);
        $options = array('allowid' => true);
        // Function external_format_text should work with context id or context instance.
        $this->assertSame(external_format_text($test, $testformat, $context->id, 'core', '', 0, $options), $correct);
        $this->assertSame(external_format_text($test, $testformat, $context, 'core', '', 0, $options), $correct);

        $test = '<p><a id="test"></a><a href="#test">Text</a></p>';
        $testformat = FORMAT_HTML;
        $correct = array('<p><a></a><a href="#test">Text</a></p>', FORMAT_HTML);

<         $options = new StdClass();



>         $options = new \stdClass();


        $options->allowid = false;
        // Function external_format_text should work with context id or context instance.
        $this->assertSame(external_format_text($test, $testformat, $context->id, 'core', '', 0, $options), $correct);
        $this->assertSame(external_format_text($test, $testformat, $context, 'core', '', 0, $options), $correct);

        $test = '<p><a id="test"></a><a href="#test">Text</a></p>'."\n".'Newline';
        $testformat = FORMAT_MOODLE;
        $correct = array('<p><a id="test"></a><a href="#test">Text</a></p> Newline', FORMAT_HTML);

<         $options = new StdClass();



>         $options = new \stdClass();


        $options->newlines = false;
        // Function external_format_text should work with context id or context instance.
        $this->assertSame(external_format_text($test, $testformat, $context->id, 'core', '', 0, $options), $correct);
        $this->assertSame(external_format_text($test, $testformat, $context, 'core', '', 0, $options), $correct);

        $test = '<p><a id="test"></a><a href="#test">Text</a></p>';
        $testformat = FORMAT_MOODLE;
        $correct = array('<div class="text_to_html">'.$test.'</div>', FORMAT_HTML);

<         $options = new StdClass();



>         $options = new \stdClass();


        $options->para = true;
        // Function external_format_text should work with context id or context instance.
        $this->assertSame(external_format_text($test, $testformat, $context->id, 'core', '', 0, $options), $correct);
        $this->assertSame(external_format_text($test, $testformat, $context, 'core', '', 0, $options), $correct);

        $test = '<p><a id="test"></a><a href="#test">Text</a></p>';
        $testformat = FORMAT_MOODLE;
        $correct = array($test, FORMAT_HTML);

<         $options = new StdClass();



>         $options = new \stdClass();


        $options->context = $context;
        // Function external_format_text should work with context id or context instance.
        $this->assertSame(external_format_text($test, $testformat, $context->id, 'core', '', 0, $options), $correct);
        $this->assertSame(external_format_text($test, $testformat, $context, 'core', '', 0, $options), $correct);

        $settings->set_raw($currentraw);
        $settings->set_filter($currentfilter);
    }

    public function test_external_format_string() {
        $this->resetAfterTest();

<         $settings = external_settings::get_instance();



>         $settings = \external_settings::get_instance();


        $currentraw = $settings->get_raw();
        $currentfilter = $settings->get_filter();

        // Enable multilang filter to on content and heading.
        filter_set_global_state('multilang', TEXTFILTER_ON);
        filter_set_applies_to_strings('multilang', 1);

<         $filtermanager = filter_manager::instance();



>         $filtermanager = \filter_manager::instance();


        $filtermanager->reset_caches();

        $settings->set_raw(true);
        $settings->set_filter(true);

<         $context = context_system::instance();



>         $context = \context_system::instance();



        $test = '<span lang="en" class="multilang">EN</span><span lang="fr" class="multilang">FR</span> ' .
            '<script>hi</script> <h3>there</h3>!';
        $correct = $test;
        // Function external_format_string should work with context id or context instance.
        $this->assertSame($correct, external_format_string($test, $context->id));
        $this->assertSame($correct, external_format_string($test, $context));

        $settings->set_raw(false);
        $settings->set_filter(false);

        $test = '<span lang="en" class="multilang">EN</span><span lang="fr" class="multilang">FR</span> ' .
            '<script>hi</script> <h3>there</h3>?';
        $correct = 'ENFR hi there?';
        // Function external_format_string should work with context id or context instance.
        $this->assertSame($correct, external_format_string($test, $context->id));
        $this->assertSame($correct, external_format_string($test, $context));

        $settings->set_filter(true);

        $test = '<span lang="en" class="multilang">EN</span><span lang="fr" class="multilang">FR</span> ' .
            '<script>hi</script> <h3>there</h3>@';
        $correct = 'EN hi there@';
        // Function external_format_string should work with context id or context instance.
        $this->assertSame($correct, external_format_string($test, $context->id));
        $this->assertSame($correct, external_format_string($test, $context));

        // Filters can be opted out.
        $test = '<span lang="en" class="multilang">EN</span><span lang="fr" class="multilang">FR</span> ' .
            '<script>hi</script> <h3>there</h3>%';
        $correct = 'ENFR hi there%';
        // Function external_format_string should work with context id or context instance.
        $this->assertSame($correct, external_format_string($test, $context->id, false, ['filter' => false]));
        $this->assertSame($correct, external_format_string($test, $context, false, ['filter' => false]));

        $this->assertSame("& < > \" '", format_string("& < > \" '", true, ['escape' => false]));

        $settings->set_raw($currentraw);
        $settings->set_filter($currentfilter);
    }

    /**
     * Test for clean_returnvalue() for testing that returns the PHP type.
     */
    public function test_clean_returnvalue_return_php_type() {


<         $returndesc = new external_single_structure(



>         $returndesc = new \external_single_structure(


            array(

<                 'value' => new external_value(PARAM_RAW, 'Some text', VALUE_OPTIONAL, null, NULL_NOT_ALLOWED)



>                 'value' => new \external_value(PARAM_RAW, 'Some text', VALUE_OPTIONAL, null, NULL_NOT_ALLOWED)


            )
        );

        // Check return type on exception because the external values does not allow NULL values.
        $testdata = array('value' => null);
        try {

<             $cleanedvalue = external_api::clean_returnvalue($returndesc, $testdata);
<         } catch (moodle_exception $e) {
<             $this->assertInstanceOf('invalid_response_exception', $e);



>             $cleanedvalue = \external_api::clean_returnvalue($returndesc, $testdata);
>         } catch (\moodle_exception $e) {
>             $this->assertInstanceOf(\invalid_response_exception::class, $e);


            $this->assertStringContainsString('of PHP type "NULL"', $e->debuginfo);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Test for clean_returnvalue().
     */
    public function test_clean_returnvalue() {

        // Build some return value decription.

<         $returndesc = new external_multiple_structure(
<             new external_single_structure(



>         $returndesc = new \external_multiple_structure(
>             new \external_single_structure(


                array(

<                     'object' => new external_single_structure(
<                                 array('value1' => new external_value(PARAM_INT, 'this is a int'))),
<                     'value2' => new external_value(PARAM_TEXT, 'some text', VALUE_OPTIONAL))



>                     'object' => new \external_single_structure(
>                                 array('value1' => new \external_value(PARAM_INT, 'this is a int'))),
>                     'value2' => new \external_value(PARAM_TEXT, 'some text', VALUE_OPTIONAL))


            ));

        // Clean an object (it should be cast into an array).

<         $object = new stdClass();



>         $object = new \stdClass();


        $object->value1 = 1;
        $singlestructure['object'] = $object;
        $singlestructure['value2'] = 'Some text';
        $testdata = array($singlestructure);

<         $cleanedvalue = external_api::clean_returnvalue($returndesc, $testdata);



>         $cleanedvalue = \external_api::clean_returnvalue($returndesc, $testdata);


        $cleanedsinglestructure = array_pop($cleanedvalue);
        $this->assertSame($object->value1, $cleanedsinglestructure['object']['value1']);
        $this->assertSame($singlestructure['value2'], $cleanedsinglestructure['value2']);

        // Missing VALUE_OPTIONAL.

<         $object = new stdClass();



>         $object = new \stdClass();


        $object->value1 = 1;

<         $singlestructure = new stdClass();



>         $singlestructure = new \stdClass();


        $singlestructure->object = $object;
        $testdata = array($singlestructure);

<         $cleanedvalue = external_api::clean_returnvalue($returndesc, $testdata);



>         $cleanedvalue = \external_api::clean_returnvalue($returndesc, $testdata);


        $cleanedsinglestructure = array_pop($cleanedvalue);
        $this->assertSame($object->value1, $cleanedsinglestructure['object']['value1']);
        $this->assertArrayNotHasKey('value2', $cleanedsinglestructure);

        // Unknown attribute (the value should be ignored).
        $object = array();
        $object['value1'] = 1;
        $singlestructure = array();
        $singlestructure['object'] = $object;
        $singlestructure['value2'] = 'Some text';
        $singlestructure['unknownvalue'] = 'Some text to ignore';
        $testdata = array($singlestructure);

<         $cleanedvalue = external_api::clean_returnvalue($returndesc, $testdata);



>         $cleanedvalue = \external_api::clean_returnvalue($returndesc, $testdata);


        $cleanedsinglestructure = array_pop($cleanedvalue);
        $this->assertSame($object['value1'], $cleanedsinglestructure['object']['value1']);
        $this->assertSame($singlestructure['value2'], $cleanedsinglestructure['value2']);
        $this->assertArrayNotHasKey('unknownvalue', $cleanedsinglestructure);

        // Missing required value (an exception is thrown).
        $object = array();
        $singlestructure = array();
        $singlestructure['object'] = $object;
        $singlestructure['value2'] = 'Some text';
        $testdata = array($singlestructure);
        $this->expectException('invalid_response_exception');

<         $cleanedvalue = external_api::clean_returnvalue($returndesc, $testdata);



>         $cleanedvalue = \external_api::clean_returnvalue($returndesc, $testdata);


    }
    /*

<      * Test external_api::get_context_from_params().



>      * Test \external_api::get_context_from_params().


     */
    public function test_get_context_from_params() {
        $this->resetAfterTest(true);
        $course = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_course();

<         $realcontext = context_course::instance($course->id);



>         $realcontext = \context_course::instance($course->id);



        // Use context id.
        $fetchedcontext = test_exernal_api::get_context_wrapper(array("contextid" => $realcontext->id));
        $this->assertEquals($realcontext, $fetchedcontext);

        // Use context level and instance id.
        $fetchedcontext = test_exernal_api::get_context_wrapper(array("contextlevel" => "course", "instanceid" => $course->id));
        $this->assertEquals($realcontext, $fetchedcontext);

        // Passing empty values.
        try {
            $fetchedcontext = test_exernal_api::get_context_wrapper(array("contextid" => 0));
            $this->fail('Exception expected from get_context_wrapper()');

<         } catch (moodle_exception $e) {
<             $this->assertInstanceOf('invalid_parameter_exception', $e);



>         } catch (\moodle_exception $e) {
>             $this->assertInstanceOf(\invalid_parameter_exception::class, $e);


        }

        try {
            $fetchedcontext = test_exernal_api::get_context_wrapper(array("instanceid" => 0));
            $this->fail('Exception expected from get_context_wrapper()');

<         } catch (moodle_exception $e) {
<             $this->assertInstanceOf('invalid_parameter_exception', $e);



>         } catch (\moodle_exception $e) {
>             $this->assertInstanceOf(\invalid_parameter_exception::class, $e);


        }

        try {
            $fetchedcontext = test_exernal_api::get_context_wrapper(array("contextid" => null));
            $this->fail('Exception expected from get_context_wrapper()');

<         } catch (moodle_exception $e) {
<             $this->assertInstanceOf('invalid_parameter_exception', $e);



>         } catch (\moodle_exception $e) {
>             $this->assertInstanceOf(\invalid_parameter_exception::class, $e);


        }

        // Tests for context with instanceid equal to 0 (System context).

<         $realcontext = context_system::instance();



>         $realcontext = \context_system::instance();


        $fetchedcontext = test_exernal_api::get_context_wrapper(array("contextlevel" => "system", "instanceid" => 0));
        $this->assertEquals($realcontext, $fetchedcontext);

        // Passing wrong level.
        $this->expectException('invalid_parameter_exception');
        $fetchedcontext = test_exernal_api::get_context_wrapper(array("contextlevel" => "random", "instanceid" => $course->id));
    }

    /*

<      * Test external_api::get_context()_from_params parameter validation.



>      * Test \external_api::get_context()_from_params parameter validation.


     */
    public function test_get_context_params() {
        global $USER;

        // Call without correct context details.
        $this->expectException('invalid_parameter_exception');
        test_exernal_api::get_context_wrapper(array('roleid' => 3, 'userid' => $USER->id));
    }

    /*

<      * Test external_api::get_context()_from_params parameter validation.



>      * Test \external_api::get_context()_from_params parameter validation.


     */
    public function test_get_context_params2() {
        global $USER;

        // Call without correct context details.
        $this->expectException('invalid_parameter_exception');
        test_exernal_api::get_context_wrapper(array('roleid' => 3, 'userid' => $USER->id, 'contextlevel' => "course"));
    }

    /*

<      * Test external_api::get_context()_from_params parameter validation.



>      * Test \external_api::get_context()_from_params parameter validation.


     */
    public function test_get_context_params3() {
        global $USER;

        // Call without correct context details.
        $this->resetAfterTest(true);
        $course = self::getDataGenerator()->create_course();
        $this->expectException('invalid_parameter_exception');
        test_exernal_api::get_context_wrapper(array('roleid' => 3, 'userid' => $USER->id, 'instanceid' => $course->id));
    }

    public function all_external_info_provider() {
        global $DB;

        // We are testing here that all the external function descriptions can be generated without
        // producing warnings. E.g. misusing optional params will generate a debugging message which
        // will fail this test.
        $functions = $DB->get_records('external_functions', array(), 'name');
        $return = array();
        foreach ($functions as $f) {
            $return[$f->name] = array($f);
        }
        return $return;
    }

    /**
     * @dataProvider all_external_info_provider
     */
    public function test_all_external_info($f) {

<         $desc = external_api::external_function_info($f);



>         $desc = \external_api::external_function_info($f);


        $this->assertNotEmpty($desc->name);
        $this->assertNotEmpty($desc->classname);
        $this->assertNotEmpty($desc->methodname);
        $this->assertEquals($desc->component, clean_param($desc->component, PARAM_COMPONENT));

<         $this->assertInstanceOf('external_function_parameters', $desc->parameters_desc);



>         $this->assertInstanceOf(\external_function_parameters::class, $desc->parameters_desc);


        if ($desc->returns_desc != null) {

<             $this->assertInstanceOf('external_description', $desc->returns_desc);



>             $this->assertInstanceOf(\external_description::class, $desc->returns_desc);


        }
    }

    public function test_validate_courses() {
        $this->resetAfterTest(true);

        $c1 = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_course();
        $c2 = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_course();
        $c3 = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_course();
        $u1 = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_user();
        $this->getDataGenerator()->enrol_user($u1->id, $c1->id);
        $courseids = array($c1->id, $c2->id, $c3->id);

        $this->setAdminUser();

<         list($courses, $warnings) = external_util::validate_courses($courseids);



>         list($courses, $warnings) = \external_util::validate_courses($courseids);


        $this->assertEmpty($warnings);
        $this->assertCount(3, $courses);
        $this->assertArrayHasKey($c1->id, $courses);
        $this->assertArrayHasKey($c2->id, $courses);
        $this->assertArrayHasKey($c3->id, $courses);
        $this->assertEquals($c1->id, $courses[$c1->id]->id);
        $this->assertEquals($c2->id, $courses[$c2->id]->id);
        $this->assertEquals($c3->id, $courses[$c3->id]->id);

        $this->setUser($u1);

<         list($courses, $warnings) = external_util::validate_courses($courseids);



>         list($courses, $warnings) = \external_util::validate_courses($courseids);


        $this->assertCount(2, $warnings);
        $this->assertEquals($c2->id, $warnings[0]['itemid']);
        $this->assertEquals($c3->id, $warnings[1]['itemid']);
        $this->assertCount(1, $courses);
        $this->assertArrayHasKey($c1->id, $courses);
        $this->assertArrayNotHasKey($c2->id, $courses);
        $this->assertArrayNotHasKey($c3->id, $courses);
        $this->assertEquals($c1->id, $courses[$c1->id]->id);
    }

    /**
     * Validate courses, but still return courses even if they fail validation.
     */
    public function test_validate_courses_keepfails() {
        $this->resetAfterTest(true);

        $c1 = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_course();
        $c2 = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_course();
        $c3 = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_course();
        $u1 = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_user();
        $this->getDataGenerator()->enrol_user($u1->id, $c1->id);
        $courseids = array($c1->id, $c2->id, $c3->id);

        $this->setUser($u1);

<         list($courses, $warnings) = external_util::validate_courses($courseids, [], false, true);



>         list($courses, $warnings) = \external_util::validate_courses($courseids, [], false, true);


        $this->assertCount(2, $warnings);
        $this->assertEquals($c2->id, $warnings[0]['itemid']);
        $this->assertEquals($c3->id, $warnings[1]['itemid']);
        $this->assertCount(3, $courses);
        $this->assertTrue($courses[$c1->id]->contextvalidated);
        $this->assertFalse($courses[$c2->id]->contextvalidated);
        $this->assertFalse($courses[$c3->id]->contextvalidated);
    }

    /**
     * Validate courses can re-use an array of prefetched courses.
     */
    public function test_validate_courses_prefetch() {
        $this->resetAfterTest(true);

        $c1 = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_course();
        $c2 = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_course();
        $c3 = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_course();
        $c4 = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_course();
        $u1 = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_user();
        $this->getDataGenerator()->enrol_user($u1->id, $c1->id);
        $this->getDataGenerator()->enrol_user($u1->id, $c2->id);

        $courseids = array($c1->id, $c2->id, $c3->id);
        $courses = array($c2->id => $c2, $c3->id => $c3, $c4->id => $c4);

        $this->setUser($u1);

<         list($courses, $warnings) = external_util::validate_courses($courseids, $courses);



>         list($courses, $warnings) = \external_util::validate_courses($courseids, $courses);


        $this->assertCount(2, $courses);
        $this->assertCount(1, $warnings);
        $this->assertArrayHasKey($c1->id, $courses);
        $this->assertSame($c2, $courses[$c2->id]);
        $this->assertArrayNotHasKey($c3->id, $courses);
        // The extra course passed is not returned.
        $this->assertArrayNotHasKey($c4->id, $courses);
    }


    public function test_call_external_function() {
        global $PAGE, $COURSE, $CFG;

        $this->resetAfterTest(true);

        // Call some webservice functions and verify they are correctly handling $PAGE and $COURSE.
        // First test a function that calls validate_context outside a course.
        $this->setAdminUser();
        $category = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_category();
        $params = array(

<             'contextid' => context_coursecat::instance($category->id)->id,



>             'contextid' => \context_coursecat::instance($category->id)->id,


            'name' => 'aaagrrryyy',
            'idnumber' => '',
            'description' => ''
        );
        $cohort1 = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_cohort($params);
        $cohort2 = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_cohort();

        $beforepage = $PAGE;
        $beforecourse = $COURSE;
        $params = array('cohortids' => array($cohort1->id, $cohort2->id));

<         $result = external_api::call_external_function('core_cohort_get_cohorts', $params);



>         $result = \external_api::call_external_function('core_cohort_get_cohorts', $params);



        $this->assertSame($beforepage, $PAGE);
        $this->assertSame($beforecourse, $COURSE);

        // Now test a function that calls validate_context inside a course.
        $course = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_course();

        $beforepage = $PAGE;
        $beforecourse = $COURSE;
        $params = array('courseid' => $course->id, 'options' => array());

<         $result = external_api::call_external_function('core_enrol_get_enrolled_users', $params);



>         $result = \external_api::call_external_function('core_enrol_get_enrolled_users', $params);



        $this->assertSame($beforepage, $PAGE);
        $this->assertSame($beforecourse, $COURSE);

        // Test a function that triggers a PHP exception.
        require_once($CFG->dirroot . '/lib/tests/fixtures/test_external_function_throwable.php');

        // Call our test function.

<         $result = test_external_function_throwable::call_external_function('core_throw_exception', array(), false);



>         $result = \test_external_function_throwable::call_external_function('core_throw_exception', array(), false);



        $this->assertTrue($result['error']);
        $this->assertArrayHasKey('exception', $result);
        $this->assertEquals($result['exception']->message, 'Exception - Modulo by zero');
    }

    /**

<      * Text external_util::get_area_files



>      * Text \external_util::get_area_files


     */
    public function test_external_util_get_area_files() {
        global $CFG, $DB;

        $this->DB = $DB;
        $DB = $this->getMockBuilder('moodle_database')->getMock();

        $content = base64_encode("Let us create a nice simple file.");
        $timemodified = 102030405;
        $itemid = 42;
        $filesize = strlen($content);

        $DB->method('get_records_sql')->willReturn([
            (object) [
                'filename'      => 'example.txt',
                'filepath'      => '/',
                'mimetype'      => 'text/plain',
                'filesize'      => $filesize,
                'timemodified'  => $timemodified,
                'itemid'        => $itemid,
                'pathnamehash'  => sha1('/example.txt'),
            ],
        ]);

        $component = 'mod_foo';
        $filearea = 'area';
        $context = 12345;

        $expectedfiles[] = array(
            'filename' => 'example.txt',
            'filepath' => '/',
            'fileurl' => "{$CFG->wwwroot}/webservice/pluginfile.php/{$context}/{$component}/{$filearea}/{$itemid}/example.txt",
            'timemodified' => $timemodified,
            'filesize' => $filesize,
            'mimetype' => 'text/plain',
            'isexternalfile' => false,
        );
        // Get all the files for the area.

<         $files = external_util::get_area_files($context, $component, $filearea, false);



>         $files = \external_util::get_area_files($context, $component, $filearea, false);


        $this->assertEquals($expectedfiles, $files);

        $DB->method('get_in_or_equal')->willReturn([
            '= :mock1',
            ['mock1' => $itemid]
        ]);

        // Get just the file indicated by $itemid.

<         $files = external_util::get_area_files($context, $component, $filearea, $itemid);



>         $files = \external_util::get_area_files($context, $component, $filearea, $itemid);


        $this->assertEquals($expectedfiles, $files);

    }

    /**
     * Text external files structure.
     */
    public function test_external_files() {


<         $description = new external_files();



>         $description = new \external_files();



        // First check that the expected default values and keys are returned.
        $expectedkeys = array_flip(array('filename', 'filepath', 'filesize', 'fileurl', 'timemodified', 'mimetype',
            'isexternalfile', 'repositorytype'));
        $returnedkeys = array_flip(array_keys($description->content->keys));
        $this->assertEquals($expectedkeys, $returnedkeys);
        $this->assertEquals('List of files.', $description->desc);
        $this->assertEquals(VALUE_REQUIRED, $description->required);
        foreach ($description->content->keys as $key) {
            $this->assertEquals(VALUE_OPTIONAL, $key->required);
        }

    }

    /**
     * Test default time for user created tokens.
     */
    public function test_user_created_tokens_duration() {
        global $CFG, $DB;
        $this->resetAfterTest(true);

        $CFG->enablewebservices = 1;
        $CFG->enablemobilewebservice = 1;
        $user1 = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_user();
        $user2 = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_user();
        $service = $DB->get_record('external_services', array('shortname' => MOODLE_OFFICIAL_MOBILE_SERVICE, 'enabled' => 1));

        $this->setUser($user1);
        $timenow = time();
        $token = external_generate_token_for_current_user($service);
        $this->assertGreaterThanOrEqual($timenow + $CFG->tokenduration, $token->validuntil);

        // Change token default time.
        $this->setUser($user2);
        set_config('tokenduration', DAYSECS);
        $token = external_generate_token_for_current_user($service);
        $timenow = time();
        $this->assertLessThanOrEqual($timenow + DAYSECS, $token->validuntil);
    }
}

/*
 * Just a wrapper to access protected apis for testing
 */

< class test_exernal_api extends external_api {



> class test_exernal_api extends \external_api {



    public static function get_context_wrapper($params) {
        return self::get_context_from_params($params);
    }
}