<?php
// This file is part of Moodle - http://moodle.org/
//
// Moodle is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
//
// Moodle is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
// GNU General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
// along with Moodle.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

/**
 * Quiz module external functions tests.
 *
 * @package    mod_quiz
 * @category   external
 * @copyright  2016 Juan Leyva <juan@moodle.com>
 * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
 * @since      Moodle 3.1
 */

namespace mod_quiz\external;


> use core_external\external_api;
use externallib_advanced_testcase;
> use core_question\local\bank\question_version_status;


use mod_quiz_external;

> use mod_quiz\question\display_options;
use mod_quiz_display_options;
> use mod_quiz\quiz_attempt;
use question_usage_by_activity;
> use mod_quiz\quiz_settings;
use quiz;
> use mod_quiz\structure;



< use mod_quiz_display_options;
< use question_usage_by_activity;
< use quiz;
< use quiz_attempt;



> use moodle_exception;


global $CFG;

require_once($CFG->dirroot . '/webservice/tests/helpers.php');

/**
 * Silly class to access mod_quiz_external internal methods.
 *
 * @package mod_quiz
 * @copyright 2016 Juan Leyva <juan@moodle.com>
 * @license http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
 * @since  Moodle 3.1
 */
class testable_mod_quiz_external extends mod_quiz_external {

    /**
     * Public accessor.
     *
     * @param  array $params Array of parameters including the attemptid and preflight data
     * @param  bool $checkaccessrules whether to check the quiz access rules or not
     * @param  bool $failifoverdue whether to return error if the attempt is overdue
     * @return  array containing the attempt object and access messages
     */
    public static function validate_attempt($params, $checkaccessrules = true, $failifoverdue = true) {
        return parent::validate_attempt($params, $checkaccessrules, $failifoverdue);
    }

    /**
     * Public accessor.
     *
     * @param  array $params Array of parameters including the attemptid
     * @return  array containing the attempt object and display options
     */
    public static function validate_attempt_review($params) {
        return parent::validate_attempt_review($params);
    }
}

/**
 * Quiz module external functions tests
 *
 * @package    mod_quiz
 * @category   external
 * @copyright  2016 Juan Leyva <juan@moodle.com>
 * @license    http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
 * @since      Moodle 3.1
 */
class external_test extends externallib_advanced_testcase {


>     /** @var \stdClass course record. */
    /**
>     protected $course;
     * Set up for every test
> 
     */
>     /** @var \stdClass activity record. */
    public function setUp(): void {
>     protected $quiz;
        global $DB;
> 
        $this->resetAfterTest();
>     /** @var \context_module context instance. */
        $this->setAdminUser();
>     protected $context;

> 
        // Setup test data.
>     /** @var \stdClass */
        $this->course = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_course();
>     protected $cm;
        $this->quiz = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_module('quiz', array('course' => $this->course->id));
> 
        $this->context = \context_module::instance($this->quiz->cmid);
>     /** @var \stdClass user record. */
        $this->cm = get_coursemodule_from_instance('quiz', $this->quiz->id);
>     protected $student;

> 
        // Create users.
>     /** @var \stdClass user record. */
        $this->student = self::getDataGenerator()->create_user();
>     protected $teacher;
        $this->teacher = self::getDataGenerator()->create_user();
> 

>     /** @var \stdClass user role record. */
        // Users enrolments.
>     protected $studentrole;
        $this->studentrole = $DB->get_record('role', array('shortname' => 'student'));
> 
        $this->teacherrole = $DB->get_record('role', array('shortname' => 'editingteacher'));
>     /** @var \stdClass  user role record. */
        // Allow student to receive messages.
>     protected $teacherrole;
        $coursecontext = \context_course::instance($this->course->id);
> 



<         $this->quiz = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_module('quiz', array('course' => $this->course->id));



>         $this->quiz = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_module('quiz', ['course' => $this->course->id]);



<         $this->studentrole = $DB->get_record('role', array('shortname' => 'student'));
<         $this->teacherrole = $DB->get_record('role', array('shortname' => 'editingteacher'));



>         $this->studentrole = $DB->get_record('role', ['shortname' => 'student']);
>         $this->teacherrole = $DB->get_record('role', ['shortname' => 'editingteacher']);


        $this->getDataGenerator()->enrol_user($this->teacher->id, $this->course->id, $this->teacherrole->id, 'manual');
    }

    /**

>      * Create a quiz with questions including a started or finished attempt optionally
     * Test that a sequential navigation quiz is not allowing to see questions in advance except if reviewing
>      *
     */
>      * @param  boolean $startattempt whether to start a new attempt
    public function test_sequential_navigation_view_attempt() {
>      * @param  boolean $finishattempt whether to finish the new attempt
        // Test user with full capabilities.
>      * @param  string $behaviour the quiz preferredbehaviour, defaults to 'deferredfeedback'.
        $quiz = $this->prepare_sequential_quiz();
>      * @param  boolean $includeqattachments whether to include a question that supports attachments, defaults to false.
        $attemptobj = $this->create_quiz_attempt_object($quiz);
>      * @param  array $extraoptions extra options for Quiz.
        $this->setUser($this->student);
>      * @return array array containing the quiz, context and the attempt
        // Check out of sequence access for view.
>      */
        $this->assertNotEmpty(mod_quiz_external::view_attempt($attemptobj->get_attemptid(), 0, []));
>     private function create_quiz_with_questions($startattempt = false, $finishattempt = false, $behaviour = 'deferredfeedback',
        try {
>             $includeqattachments = false, $extraoptions = []) {
            mod_quiz_external::view_attempt($attemptobj->get_attemptid(), 3, []);
> 
            $this->fail('Exception expected due to out of sequence access.');
>         // Create a new quiz with attempts.
        } catch (\moodle_exception $e) {
>         $quizgenerator = $this->getDataGenerator()->get_plugin_generator('mod_quiz');
            $this->assertStringContainsString('quiz/Out of sequence access', $e->getMessage());
>         $data = ['course' => $this->course->id,
        }
>                       'sumgrades' => 2,
    }
>                       'preferredbehaviour' => $behaviour];

>         $data = array_merge($data, $extraoptions);
    /**
>         $quiz = $quizgenerator->create_instance($data);
     * Test that a sequential navigation quiz is not allowing to see questions in advance for a student
>         $context = \context_module::instance($quiz->cmid);
     */
> 
    public function test_sequential_navigation_attempt_summary() {
>         // Create a couple of questions.
        // Test user with full capabilities.
>         $questiongenerator = $this->getDataGenerator()->get_plugin_generator('core_question');
        $quiz = $this->prepare_sequential_quiz();
> 
        $attemptobj = $this->create_quiz_attempt_object($quiz);
>         $cat = $questiongenerator->create_question_category();
        $this->setUser($this->student);
>         $question = $questiongenerator->create_question('numerical', null, ['category' => $cat->id]);
        // Check that we do not return other questions than the one currently viewed.
>         quiz_add_quiz_question($question->id, $quiz);
        $result = mod_quiz_external::get_attempt_summary($attemptobj->get_attemptid());
>         $question = $questiongenerator->create_question('numerical', null, ['category' => $cat->id]);
        $this->assertCount(1, $result['questions']);
>         quiz_add_quiz_question($question->id, $quiz);
        $this->assertStringContainsString('Question (1)', $result['questions'][0]['html']);
> 
    }
>         if ($includeqattachments) {

>             $question = $questiongenerator->create_question('essay', null, ['category' => $cat->id, 'attachments' => 1,
    /**
>                 'attachmentsrequired' => 1]);
     * Test that a sequential navigation quiz is not allowing to see questions in advance for student
>             quiz_add_quiz_question($question->id, $quiz);
     */
>         }
    public function test_sequential_navigation_get_attempt_data() {
> 
        // Test user with full capabilities.
>         $quizobj = quiz_settings::create($quiz->id, $this->student->id);
        $quiz = $this->prepare_sequential_quiz();
> 
        $attemptobj = $this->create_quiz_attempt_object($quiz);
>         // Set grade to pass.
        $this->setUser($this->student);
>         $item = \grade_item::fetch(['courseid' => $this->course->id, 'itemtype' => 'mod',
        // Test invalid instance id.
>                                         'itemmodule' => 'quiz', 'iteminstance' => $quiz->id, 'outcomeid' => null]);
        try {
>         $item->gradepass = 80;
            mod_quiz_external::get_attempt_data($attemptobj->get_attemptid(), 2);
>         $item->update();
            $this->fail('Exception expected due to out of sequence access.');
> 
        } catch (\moodle_exception $e) {
>         if ($startattempt or $finishattempt) {
            $this->assertStringContainsString('quiz/Out of sequence access', $e->getMessage());
>             // Now, do one attempt.
        }
>             $quba = \question_engine::make_questions_usage_by_activity('mod_quiz', $quizobj->get_context());
        // Now we moved to page 1, we should see page 2 and 1 but not 0 or 3.
>             $quba->set_preferred_behaviour($quizobj->get_quiz()->preferredbehaviour);
        $attemptobj->set_currentpage(1);
> 
        // Test invalid instance id.
>             $timenow = time();
        try {
>             $attempt = quiz_create_attempt($quizobj, 1, false, $timenow, false, $this->student->id);
            mod_quiz_external::get_attempt_data($attemptobj->get_attemptid(), 0);
>             quiz_start_new_attempt($quizobj, $quba, $attempt, 1, $timenow);
            $this->fail('Exception expected due to out of sequence access.');
>             quiz_attempt_save_started($quizobj, $quba, $attempt);
        } catch (\moodle_exception $e) {
>             $attemptobj = quiz_attempt::create($attempt->id);
            $this->assertStringContainsString('quiz/Out of sequence access', $e->getMessage());
> 
        }
>             if ($finishattempt) {

>                 // Process some responses from the student.
        try {
>                 $tosubmit = [1 => ['answer' => '3.14']];
            mod_quiz_external::get_attempt_data($attemptobj->get_attemptid(), 3);
>                 $attemptobj->process_submitted_actions(time(), false, $tosubmit);
            $this->fail('Exception expected due to out of sequence access.');
> 
        } catch (\moodle_exception $e) {
>                 // Finish the attempt.
            $this->assertStringContainsString('quiz/Out of sequence access', $e->getMessage());
>                 $attemptobj->process_finish(time(), false);
        }
>             }

>             return [$quiz, $context, $quizobj, $attempt, $attemptobj, $quba];
        // Now we can see page 1.
>         } else {
        $result = mod_quiz_external::get_attempt_data($attemptobj->get_attemptid(), 1);
>             return [$quiz, $context, $quizobj];
        $this->assertCount(1, $result['questions']);
>         }
        $this->assertStringContainsString('Question (2)', $result['questions'][0]['html']);
> 
    }
>     }

> 
    /**
>     /*
     * Prepare quiz for sequential navigation tests
>      * Test get quizzes by courses
     *
>      */
     * @return quiz
>     public function test_mod_quiz_get_quizzes_by_courses() {
     */
>         global $DB;
    private function prepare_sequential_quiz() {
> 
        // Create a new quiz with 5 questions and one attempt started.
>         // Create additional course.
        // Create a new quiz with attempts.
>         $course2 = self::getDataGenerator()->create_course();
        $quizgenerator = $this->getDataGenerator()->get_plugin_generator('mod_quiz');
> 
        $data = [
>         // Second quiz.
            'course' => $this->course->id,
>         $record = new \stdClass();
            'sumgrades' => 2,
>         $record->course = $course2->id;
            'preferredbehaviour' => 'deferredfeedback',
>         $record->intro = '<button>Test with HTML allowed.</button>';
            'navmethod' => QUIZ_NAVMETHOD_SEQ
>         $quiz2 = self::getDataGenerator()->create_module('quiz', $record);
        ];
> 
        $quiz = $quizgenerator->create_instance($data);
>         // Execute real Moodle enrolment as we'll call unenrol() method on the instance later.

>         $enrol = enrol_get_plugin('manual');
        // Now generate the questions.
>         $enrolinstances = enrol_get_instances($course2->id, true);
        $questiongenerator = $this->getDataGenerator()->get_plugin_generator('core_question');
>         foreach ($enrolinstances as $courseenrolinstance) {
        $cat = $questiongenerator->create_question_category();
>             if ($courseenrolinstance->enrol == "manual") {
        for ($pageindex = 1; $pageindex <= 5; $pageindex++) {
>                 $instance2 = $courseenrolinstance;
            $question = $questiongenerator->create_question('truefalse', null, [
>                 break;
                'category' => $cat->id,
>             }
                'questiontext' => ['text' => "Question ($pageindex)"]
>         }
            ]);
>         $enrol->enrol_user($instance2, $this->student->id, $this->studentrole->id);
            quiz_add_quiz_question($question->id, $quiz, $pageindex);
> 
        }
>         self::setUser($this->student);

> 
        $quizobj = quiz::create($quiz->id, $this->student->id);
>         $returndescription = mod_quiz_external::get_quizzes_by_courses_returns();
        // Set grade to pass.
> 
        $item = \grade_item::fetch(array('courseid' => $this->course->id, 'itemtype' => 'mod',
>         // Create what we expect to be returned when querying the two courses.
            'itemmodule' => 'quiz', 'iteminstance' => $quiz->id, 'outcomeid' => null));
>         // First for the student user.
        $item->gradepass = 80;
>         $allusersfields = ['id', 'coursemodule', 'course', 'name', 'intro', 'introformat', 'introfiles', 'lang',
        $item->update();
>                                 'timeopen', 'timeclose', 'grademethod', 'section', 'visible', 'groupmode', 'groupingid',
        return $quizobj;
>                                 'attempts', 'timelimit', 'grademethod', 'decimalpoints', 'questiondecimalpoints', 'sumgrades',
    }
>                                 'grade', 'preferredbehaviour', 'hasfeedback'];

>         $userswithaccessfields = ['attemptonlast', 'reviewattempt', 'reviewcorrectness', 'reviewmarks',
    /**
>                                         'reviewspecificfeedback', 'reviewgeneralfeedback', 'reviewrightanswer',
     * Create question attempt
>                                         'reviewoverallfeedback', 'questionsperpage', 'navmethod',
     *
>                                         'browsersecurity', 'delay1', 'delay2', 'showuserpicture', 'showblocks',
     * @param quiz $quizobj
>                                         'completionattemptsexhausted', 'completionpass', 'autosaveperiod', 'hasquestions',
     * @param int|null $userid
>                                         'overduehandling', 'graceperiod', 'canredoquestions', 'allowofflineattempts'];
     * @param bool|null $ispreview
>         $managerfields = ['shuffleanswers', 'timecreated', 'timemodified', 'password', 'subnet'];
     * @return quiz_attempt
> 
     * @throws \moodle_exception
>         // Add expected coursemodule and other data.
     */
>         $quiz1 = $this->quiz;
    private function create_quiz_attempt_object($quizobj, $userid = null, $ispreview = false) {
>         $quiz1->coursemodule = $quiz1->cmid;
        global $USER;
>         $quiz1->introformat = 1;
        $timenow = time();
>         $quiz1->section = 0;
        // Now, do one attempt.
>         $quiz1->visible = true;
        $quba = \question_engine::make_questions_usage_by_activity('mod_quiz', $quizobj->get_context());
>         $quiz1->groupmode = 0;
        $quba->set_preferred_behaviour($quizobj->get_quiz()->preferredbehaviour);
>         $quiz1->groupingid = 0;
        $attemptnumber = 1;
>         $quiz1->hasquestions = 0;
        if (!empty($USER->id)) {
>         $quiz1->hasfeedback = 0;
            $attemptnumber = count(quiz_get_user_attempts($quizobj->get_quizid(), $USER->id)) + 1;
>         $quiz1->completionpass = 0;
        }
>         $quiz1->autosaveperiod = get_config('quiz', 'autosaveperiod');
        $attempt = quiz_create_attempt($quizobj, $attemptnumber, false, $timenow, $ispreview, $userid ?? $this->student->id);
>         $quiz1->introfiles = [];
        quiz_start_new_attempt($quizobj, $quba, $attempt, $attemptnumber, $timenow);
>         $quiz1->lang = '';
        quiz_attempt_save_started($quizobj, $quba, $attempt);
> 
        $attemptobj = quiz_attempt::create($attempt->id);
>         $quiz2->coursemodule = $quiz2->cmid;
        return $attemptobj;
>         $quiz2->introformat = 1;
    }
>         $quiz2->section = 0;
}
>         $quiz2->visible = true;
>         $quiz2->groupmode = 0;
>         $quiz2->groupingid = 0;
>         $quiz2->hasquestions = 0;
>         $quiz2->hasfeedback = 0;
>         $quiz2->completionpass = 0;
>         $quiz2->autosaveperiod = get_config('quiz', 'autosaveperiod');
>         $quiz2->introfiles = [];
>         $quiz2->lang = '';
> 
>         foreach (array_merge($allusersfields, $userswithaccessfields) as $field) {
>             $expected1[$field] = $quiz1->{$field};
>             $expected2[$field] = $quiz2->{$field};
>         }
> 
>         $expectedquizzes = [$expected2, $expected1];
> 
>         // Call the external function passing course ids.
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_quizzes_by_courses([$course2->id, $this->course->id]);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue($returndescription, $result);
> 
>         $this->assertEquals($expectedquizzes, $result['quizzes']);
>         $this->assertCount(0, $result['warnings']);
> 
>         // Call the external function without passing course id.
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_quizzes_by_courses();
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue($returndescription, $result);
>         $this->assertEquals($expectedquizzes, $result['quizzes']);
>         $this->assertCount(0, $result['warnings']);
> 
>         // Unenrol user from second course and alter expected quizzes.
>         $enrol->unenrol_user($instance2, $this->student->id);
>         array_shift($expectedquizzes);
> 
>         // Call the external function without passing course id.
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_quizzes_by_courses();
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue($returndescription, $result);
>         $this->assertEquals($expectedquizzes, $result['quizzes']);
> 
>         // Call for the second course we unenrolled the user from, expected warning.
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_quizzes_by_courses([$course2->id]);
>         $this->assertCount(1, $result['warnings']);
>         $this->assertEquals('1', $result['warnings'][0]['warningcode']);
>         $this->assertEquals($course2->id, $result['warnings'][0]['itemid']);
> 
>         // Now, try as a teacher for getting all the additional fields.
>         self::setUser($this->teacher);
> 
>         foreach ($managerfields as $field) {
>             $expectedquizzes[0][$field] = $quiz1->{$field};
>         }
> 
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_quizzes_by_courses();
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue($returndescription, $result);
>         $this->assertEquals($expectedquizzes, $result['quizzes']);
> 
>         // Admin also should get all the information.
>         self::setAdminUser();
> 
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_quizzes_by_courses([$this->course->id]);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue($returndescription, $result);
>         $this->assertEquals($expectedquizzes, $result['quizzes']);
> 
>         // Now, prevent access.
>         $enrol->enrol_user($instance2, $this->student->id);
> 
>         self::setUser($this->student);
> 
>         $quiz2->timeclose = time() - DAYSECS;
>         $DB->update_record('quiz', $quiz2);
> 
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_quizzes_by_courses();
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue($returndescription, $result);
>         $this->assertCount(2, $result['quizzes']);
>         // We only see a limited set of fields.
>         $this->assertCount(5, $result['quizzes'][0]);
>         $this->assertEquals($quiz2->id, $result['quizzes'][0]['id']);
>         $this->assertEquals($quiz2->cmid, $result['quizzes'][0]['coursemodule']);
>         $this->assertEquals($quiz2->course, $result['quizzes'][0]['course']);
>         $this->assertEquals($quiz2->name, $result['quizzes'][0]['name']);
>         $this->assertEquals($quiz2->course, $result['quizzes'][0]['course']);
> 
>         $this->assertFalse(isset($result['quizzes'][0]['timelimit']));
> 
>     }
> 
>     /**
>      * Test test_view_quiz
>      */
>     public function test_view_quiz() {
>         global $DB;
> 
>         // Test invalid instance id.
>         try {
>             mod_quiz_external::view_quiz(0);
>             $this->fail('Exception expected due to invalid mod_quiz instance id.');
>         } catch (moodle_exception $e) {
>             $this->assertEquals('invalidrecord', $e->errorcode);
>         }
> 
>         // Test not-enrolled user.
>         $usernotenrolled = self::getDataGenerator()->create_user();
>         $this->setUser($usernotenrolled);
>         try {
>             mod_quiz_external::view_quiz($this->quiz->id);
>             $this->fail('Exception expected due to not enrolled user.');
>         } catch (moodle_exception $e) {
>             $this->assertEquals('requireloginerror', $e->errorcode);
>         }
> 
>         // Test user with full capabilities.
>         $this->setUser($this->student);
> 
>         // Trigger and capture the event.
>         $sink = $this->redirectEvents();
> 
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::view_quiz($this->quiz->id);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::view_quiz_returns(), $result);
>         $this->assertTrue($result['status']);
> 
>         $events = $sink->get_events();
>         $this->assertCount(1, $events);
>         $event = array_shift($events);
> 
>         // Checking that the event contains the expected values.
>         $this->assertInstanceOf('\mod_quiz\event\course_module_viewed', $event);
>         $this->assertEquals($this->context, $event->get_context());
>         $moodlequiz = new \moodle_url('/mod/quiz/view.php', ['id' => $this->cm->id]);
>         $this->assertEquals($moodlequiz, $event->get_url());
>         $this->assertEventContextNotUsed($event);
>         $this->assertNotEmpty($event->get_name());
> 
>         // Test user with no capabilities.
>         // We need a explicit prohibit since this capability is only defined in authenticated user and guest roles.
>         assign_capability('mod/quiz:view', CAP_PROHIBIT, $this->studentrole->id, $this->context->id);
>         // Empty all the caches that may be affected  by this change.
>         accesslib_clear_all_caches_for_unit_testing();
>         \course_modinfo::clear_instance_cache();
> 
>         try {
>             mod_quiz_external::view_quiz($this->quiz->id);
>             $this->fail('Exception expected due to missing capability.');
>         } catch (moodle_exception $e) {
>             $this->assertEquals('requireloginerror', $e->errorcode);
>         }
> 
>     }
> 
>     /**
>      * Test get_user_attempts
>      */
>     public function test_get_user_attempts() {
> 
>         // Create a quiz with one attempt finished.
>         list($quiz, $context, $quizobj, $attempt, $attemptobj) = $this->create_quiz_with_questions(true, true);
> 
>         $this->setUser($this->student);
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_user_attempts($quiz->id);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::get_user_attempts_returns(), $result);
> 
>         $this->assertCount(1, $result['attempts']);
>         $this->assertEquals($attempt->id, $result['attempts'][0]['id']);
>         $this->assertEquals($quiz->id, $result['attempts'][0]['quiz']);
>         $this->assertEquals($this->student->id, $result['attempts'][0]['userid']);
>         $this->assertEquals(1, $result['attempts'][0]['attempt']);
>         $this->assertArrayHasKey('sumgrades', $result['attempts'][0]);
>         $this->assertEquals(1.0, $result['attempts'][0]['sumgrades']);
> 
>         // Test filters. Only finished.
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_user_attempts($quiz->id, 0, 'finished', false);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::get_user_attempts_returns(), $result);
> 
>         $this->assertCount(1, $result['attempts']);
>         $this->assertEquals($attempt->id, $result['attempts'][0]['id']);
> 
>         // Test filters. All attempts.
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_user_attempts($quiz->id, 0, 'all', false);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::get_user_attempts_returns(), $result);
> 
>         $this->assertCount(1, $result['attempts']);
>         $this->assertEquals($attempt->id, $result['attempts'][0]['id']);
> 
>         // Test filters. Unfinished.
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_user_attempts($quiz->id, 0, 'unfinished', false);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::get_user_attempts_returns(), $result);
> 
>         $this->assertCount(0, $result['attempts']);
> 
>         // Start a new attempt, but not finish it.
>         $timenow = time();
>         $attempt = quiz_create_attempt($quizobj, 2, false, $timenow, false, $this->student->id);
>         $quba = \question_engine::make_questions_usage_by_activity('mod_quiz', $quizobj->get_context());
>         $quba->set_preferred_behaviour($quizobj->get_quiz()->preferredbehaviour);
> 
>         quiz_start_new_attempt($quizobj, $quba, $attempt, 1, $timenow);
>         quiz_attempt_save_started($quizobj, $quba, $attempt);
> 
>         // Test filters. All attempts.
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_user_attempts($quiz->id, 0, 'all', false);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::get_user_attempts_returns(), $result);
> 
>         $this->assertCount(2, $result['attempts']);
> 
>         // Test filters. Unfinished.
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_user_attempts($quiz->id, 0, 'unfinished', false);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::get_user_attempts_returns(), $result);
> 
>         $this->assertCount(1, $result['attempts']);
> 
>         // Test manager can see user attempts.
>         $this->setUser($this->teacher);
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_user_attempts($quiz->id, $this->student->id);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::get_user_attempts_returns(), $result);
> 
>         $this->assertCount(1, $result['attempts']);
>         $this->assertEquals($this->student->id, $result['attempts'][0]['userid']);
> 
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_user_attempts($quiz->id, $this->student->id, 'all');
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::get_user_attempts_returns(), $result);
> 
>         $this->assertCount(2, $result['attempts']);
>         $this->assertEquals($this->student->id, $result['attempts'][0]['userid']);
> 
>         // Invalid parameters.
>         try {
>             mod_quiz_external::get_user_attempts($quiz->id, $this->student->id, 'INVALID_PARAMETER');
>             $this->fail('Exception expected due to missing capability.');
>         } catch (\invalid_parameter_exception $e) {
>             $this->assertEquals('invalidparameter', $e->errorcode);
>         }
>     }
> 
>     /**
>      * Test get_user_attempts with marks hidden
>      */
>     public function test_get_user_attempts_with_marks_hidden() {
>         // Create quiz with one attempt finished and hide the mark.
>         list($quiz, $context, $quizobj, $attempt, $attemptobj) = $this->create_quiz_with_questions(
>                 true, true, 'deferredfeedback', false,
>                 ['marksduring' => 0, 'marksimmediately' => 0, 'marksopen' => 0, 'marksclosed' => 0]);
> 
>         // Student cannot see the grades.
>         $this->setUser($this->student);
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_user_attempts($quiz->id);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::get_user_attempts_returns(), $result);
> 
>         $this->assertCount(1, $result['attempts']);
>         $this->assertEquals($attempt->id, $result['attempts'][0]['id']);
>         $this->assertEquals($quiz->id, $result['attempts'][0]['quiz']);
>         $this->assertEquals($this->student->id, $result['attempts'][0]['userid']);
>         $this->assertEquals(1, $result['attempts'][0]['attempt']);
>         $this->assertArrayHasKey('sumgrades', $result['attempts'][0]);
>         $this->assertEquals(null, $result['attempts'][0]['sumgrades']);
> 
>         // Test manager can see user grades.
>         $this->setUser($this->teacher);
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_user_attempts($quiz->id, $this->student->id);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::get_user_attempts_returns(), $result);
> 
>         $this->assertCount(1, $result['attempts']);
>         $this->assertEquals($attempt->id, $result['attempts'][0]['id']);
>         $this->assertEquals($quiz->id, $result['attempts'][0]['quiz']);
>         $this->assertEquals($this->student->id, $result['attempts'][0]['userid']);
>         $this->assertEquals(1, $result['attempts'][0]['attempt']);
>         $this->assertArrayHasKey('sumgrades', $result['attempts'][0]);
>         $this->assertEquals(1.0, $result['attempts'][0]['sumgrades']);
>     }
> 
>     /**
>      * Test get_user_best_grade
>      */
>     public function test_get_user_best_grade() {
>         $quizgenerator = $this->getDataGenerator()->get_plugin_generator('mod_quiz');
>         $questiongenerator = $this->getDataGenerator()->get_plugin_generator('core_question');
>         $questioncat = $questiongenerator->create_question_category();
> 
>         // Create a new quiz.
>         $quizapi1 = $quizgenerator->create_instance([
>                 'name' => 'Test Quiz API 1',
>                 'course' => $this->course->id,
>                 'sumgrades' => 1
>         ]);
>         $quizapi2 = $quizgenerator->create_instance([
>                 'name' => 'Test Quiz API 2',
>                 'course' => $this->course->id,
>                 'sumgrades' => 1,
>                 'marksduring' => 0,
>                 'marksimmediately' => 0,
>                 'marksopen' => 0,
>                 'marksclosed' => 0
>         ]);
> 
>         // Create a question.
>         $question = $questiongenerator->create_question('numerical', null, ['category' => $questioncat->id]);
> 
>         // Add question to the quizzes.
>         quiz_add_quiz_question($question->id, $quizapi1);
>         quiz_add_quiz_question($question->id, $quizapi2);
> 
>         // Create quiz object.
>         $quizapiobj1 = quiz_settings::create($quizapi1->id, $this->student->id);
>         $quizapiobj2 = quiz_settings::create($quizapi2->id, $this->student->id);
> 
>         // Set grade to pass.
>         $item = \grade_item::fetch([
>                 'courseid' => $this->course->id,
>                 'itemtype' => 'mod',
>                 'itemmodule' => 'quiz',
>                 'iteminstance' => $quizapi1->id,
>                 'outcomeid' => null
>         ]);
>         $item->gradepass = 80;
>         $item->update();
> 
>         $item = \grade_item::fetch([
>                 'courseid' => $this->course->id,
>                 'itemtype' => 'mod',
>                 'itemmodule' => 'quiz',
>                 'iteminstance' => $quizapi2->id,
>                 'outcomeid' => null
>         ]);
>         $item->gradepass = 80;
>         $item->update();
> 
>         // Start the passing attempt.
>         $quba1 = \question_engine::make_questions_usage_by_activity('mod_quiz', $quizapiobj1->get_context());
>         $quba1->set_preferred_behaviour($quizapiobj1->get_quiz()->preferredbehaviour);
> 
>         $quba2 = \question_engine::make_questions_usage_by_activity('mod_quiz', $quizapiobj2->get_context());
>         $quba2->set_preferred_behaviour($quizapiobj2->get_quiz()->preferredbehaviour);
> 
>         // Start the testing for quizapi1 that allow the student to view the grade.
> 
>         $this->setUser($this->student);
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_user_best_grade($quizapi1->id);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::get_user_best_grade_returns(), $result);
> 
>         // No grades yet.
>         $this->assertFalse($result['hasgrade']);
>         $this->assertTrue(!isset($result['grade']));
> 
>         // Start the attempt.
>         $timenow = time();
>         $attempt = quiz_create_attempt($quizapiobj1, 1, false, $timenow, false, $this->student->id);
>         quiz_start_new_attempt($quizapiobj1, $quba1, $attempt, 1, $timenow);
>         quiz_attempt_save_started($quizapiobj1, $quba1, $attempt);
> 
>         // Process some responses from the student.
>         $attemptobj = quiz_attempt::create($attempt->id);
>         $attemptobj->process_submitted_actions($timenow, false, [1 => ['answer' => '3.14']]);
> 
>         // Finish the attempt.
>         $attemptobj->process_finish($timenow, false);
> 
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_user_best_grade($quizapi1->id);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::get_user_best_grade_returns(), $result);
> 
>         // Now I have grades.
>         $this->assertTrue($result['hasgrade']);
>         $this->assertEquals(100.0, $result['grade']);
>         $this->assertEquals(80, $result['gradetopass']);
> 
>         // We should not see other users grades.
>         $anotherstudent = self::getDataGenerator()->create_user();
>         $this->getDataGenerator()->enrol_user($anotherstudent->id, $this->course->id, $this->studentrole->id, 'manual');
> 
>         try {
>             mod_quiz_external::get_user_best_grade($quizapi1->id, $anotherstudent->id);
>             $this->fail('Exception expected due to missing capability.');
>         } catch (\required_capability_exception $e) {
>             $this->assertEquals('nopermissions', $e->errorcode);
>         }
> 
>         // Teacher must be able to see student grades.
>         $this->setUser($this->teacher);
> 
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_user_best_grade($quizapi1->id, $this->student->id);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::get_user_best_grade_returns(), $result);
> 
>         $this->assertTrue($result['hasgrade']);
>         $this->assertEquals(100.0, $result['grade']);
>         $this->assertEquals(80, $result['gradetopass']);
> 
>         // Invalid user.
>         try {
>             mod_quiz_external::get_user_best_grade($this->quiz->id, -1);
>             $this->fail('Exception expected due to missing capability.');
>         } catch (\dml_missing_record_exception $e) {
>             $this->assertEquals('invaliduser', $e->errorcode);
>         }
> 
>         // End the testing for quizapi1 that allow the student to view the grade.
> 
>         // Start the testing for quizapi2 that do not allow the student to view the grade.
> 
>         $this->setUser($this->student);
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_user_best_grade($quizapi2->id);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::get_user_best_grade_returns(), $result);
> 
>         // No grades yet.
>         $this->assertFalse($result['hasgrade']);
>         $this->assertTrue(!isset($result['grade']));
> 
>         // Start the attempt.
>         $timenow = time();
>         $attempt = quiz_create_attempt($quizapiobj2, 1, false, $timenow, false, $this->student->id);
>         quiz_start_new_attempt($quizapiobj2, $quba2, $attempt, 1, $timenow);
>         quiz_attempt_save_started($quizapiobj2, $quba2, $attempt);
> 
>         // Process some responses from the student.
>         $attemptobj = quiz_attempt::create($attempt->id);
>         $attemptobj->process_submitted_actions($timenow, false, [1 => ['answer' => '3.14']]);
> 
>         // Finish the attempt.
>         $attemptobj->process_finish($timenow, false);
> 
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_user_best_grade($quizapi2->id);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::get_user_best_grade_returns(), $result);
> 
>         // Now I have grades but I will not be allowed to see it.
>         $this->assertFalse($result['hasgrade']);
>         $this->assertTrue(!isset($result['grade']));
> 
>         // Teacher must be able to see student grades.
>         $this->setUser($this->teacher);
> 
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_user_best_grade($quizapi2->id, $this->student->id);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::get_user_best_grade_returns(), $result);
> 
>         $this->assertTrue($result['hasgrade']);
>         $this->assertEquals(100.0, $result['grade']);
> 
>         // End the testing for quizapi2 that do not allow the student to view the grade.
> 
>     }
>     /**
>      * Test get_combined_review_options.
>      * This is a basic test, this is already tested in display_options_testcase.
>      */
>     public function test_get_combined_review_options() {
>         global $DB;
> 
>         // Create a new quiz with attempts.
>         $quizgenerator = $this->getDataGenerator()->get_plugin_generator('mod_quiz');
>         $data = ['course' => $this->course->id,
>                       'sumgrades' => 1];
>         $quiz = $quizgenerator->create_instance($data);
> 
>         // Create a couple of questions.
>         $questiongenerator = $this->getDataGenerator()->get_plugin_generator('core_question');
> 
>         $cat = $questiongenerator->create_question_category();
>         $question = $questiongenerator->create_question('numerical', null, ['category' => $cat->id]);
>         quiz_add_quiz_question($question->id, $quiz);
> 
>         $quizobj = quiz_settings::create($quiz->id, $this->student->id);
> 
>         // Set grade to pass.
>         $item = \grade_item::fetch(['courseid' => $this->course->id, 'itemtype' => 'mod',
>                                         'itemmodule' => 'quiz', 'iteminstance' => $quiz->id, 'outcomeid' => null]);
>         $item->gradepass = 80;
>         $item->update();
> 
>         // Start the passing attempt.
>         $quba = \question_engine::make_questions_usage_by_activity('mod_quiz', $quizobj->get_context());
>         $quba->set_preferred_behaviour($quizobj->get_quiz()->preferredbehaviour);
> 
>         $timenow = time();
>         $attempt = quiz_create_attempt($quizobj, 1, false, $timenow, false, $this->student->id);
>         quiz_start_new_attempt($quizobj, $quba, $attempt, 1, $timenow);
>         quiz_attempt_save_started($quizobj, $quba, $attempt);
> 
>         $this->setUser($this->student);
> 
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_combined_review_options($quiz->id);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::get_combined_review_options_returns(), $result);
> 
>         // Expected values.
>         $expected = [
>             "someoptions" => [
>                 ["name" => "feedback", "value" => 1],
>                 ["name" => "generalfeedback", "value" => 1],
>                 ["name" => "rightanswer", "value" => 1],
>                 ["name" => "overallfeedback", "value" => 0],
>                 ["name" => "marks", "value" => 2],
>             ],
>             "alloptions" => [
>                 ["name" => "feedback", "value" => 1],
>                 ["name" => "generalfeedback", "value" => 1],
>                 ["name" => "rightanswer", "value" => 1],
>                 ["name" => "overallfeedback", "value" => 0],
>                 ["name" => "marks", "value" => 2],
>             ],
>             "warnings" => [],
>         ];
> 
>         $this->assertEquals($expected, $result);
> 
>         // Now, finish the attempt.
>         $attemptobj = quiz_attempt::create($attempt->id);
>         $attemptobj->process_finish($timenow, false);
> 
>         $expected = [
>             "someoptions" => [
>                 ["name" => "feedback", "value" => 1],
>                 ["name" => "generalfeedback", "value" => 1],
>                 ["name" => "rightanswer", "value" => 1],
>                 ["name" => "overallfeedback", "value" => 1],
>                 ["name" => "marks", "value" => 2],
>             ],
>             "alloptions" => [
>                 ["name" => "feedback", "value" => 1],
>                 ["name" => "generalfeedback", "value" => 1],
>                 ["name" => "rightanswer", "value" => 1],
>                 ["name" => "overallfeedback", "value" => 1],
>                 ["name" => "marks", "value" => 2],
>             ],
>             "warnings" => [],
>         ];
> 
>         // We should see now the overall feedback.
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_combined_review_options($quiz->id);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::get_combined_review_options_returns(), $result);
>         $this->assertEquals($expected, $result);
> 
>         // Start a new attempt, but not finish it.
>         $timenow = time();
>         $attempt = quiz_create_attempt($quizobj, 2, false, $timenow, false, $this->student->id);
>         $quba = \question_engine::make_questions_usage_by_activity('mod_quiz', $quizobj->get_context());
>         $quba->set_preferred_behaviour($quizobj->get_quiz()->preferredbehaviour);
>         quiz_start_new_attempt($quizobj, $quba, $attempt, 1, $timenow);
>         quiz_attempt_save_started($quizobj, $quba, $attempt);
> 
>         $expected = [
>             "someoptions" => [
>                 ["name" => "feedback", "value" => 1],
>                 ["name" => "generalfeedback", "value" => 1],
>                 ["name" => "rightanswer", "value" => 1],
>                 ["name" => "overallfeedback", "value" => 1],
>                 ["name" => "marks", "value" => 2],
>             ],
>             "alloptions" => [
>                 ["name" => "feedback", "value" => 1],
>                 ["name" => "generalfeedback", "value" => 1],
>                 ["name" => "rightanswer", "value" => 1],
>                 ["name" => "overallfeedback", "value" => 0],
>                 ["name" => "marks", "value" => 2],
>             ],
>             "warnings" => [],
>         ];
> 
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_combined_review_options($quiz->id);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::get_combined_review_options_returns(), $result);
>         $this->assertEquals($expected, $result);
> 
>         // Teacher, for see student options.
>         $this->setUser($this->teacher);
> 
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_combined_review_options($quiz->id, $this->student->id);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::get_combined_review_options_returns(), $result);
> 
>         $this->assertEquals($expected, $result);
> 
>         // Invalid user.
>         try {
>             mod_quiz_external::get_combined_review_options($quiz->id, -1);
>             $this->fail('Exception expected due to missing capability.');
>         } catch (\dml_missing_record_exception $e) {
>             $this->assertEquals('invaliduser', $e->errorcode);
>         }
>     }
> 
>     /**
>      * Test start_attempt
>      */
>     public function test_start_attempt() {
>         global $DB;
> 
>         // Create a new quiz with questions.
>         list($quiz, $context, $quizobj) = $this->create_quiz_with_questions();
> 
>         $this->setUser($this->student);
> 
>         // Try to open attempt in closed quiz.
>         $quiz->timeopen = time() - WEEKSECS;
>         $quiz->timeclose = time() - DAYSECS;
>         $DB->update_record('quiz', $quiz);
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::start_attempt($quiz->id);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::start_attempt_returns(), $result);
> 
>         $this->assertEquals([], $result['attempt']);
>         $this->assertCount(1, $result['warnings']);
> 
>         // Now with a password.
>         $quiz->timeopen = 0;
>         $quiz->timeclose = 0;
>         $quiz->password = 'abc';
>         $DB->update_record('quiz', $quiz);
> 
>         try {
>             mod_quiz_external::start_attempt($quiz->id, [["name" => "quizpassword", "value" => 'bad']]);
>             $this->fail('Exception expected due to invalid passwod.');
>         } catch (moodle_exception $e) {
>             $this->assertEquals(get_string('passworderror', 'quizaccess_password'), $e->errorcode);
>         }
> 
>         // Now, try everything correct.
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::start_attempt($quiz->id, [["name" => "quizpassword", "value" => 'abc']]);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::start_attempt_returns(), $result);
> 
>         $this->assertEquals(1, $result['attempt']['attempt']);
>         $this->assertEquals($this->student->id, $result['attempt']['userid']);
>         $this->assertEquals($quiz->id, $result['attempt']['quiz']);
>         $this->assertCount(0, $result['warnings']);
>         $attemptid = $result['attempt']['id'];
> 
>         // We are good, try to start a new attempt now.
> 
>         try {
>             mod_quiz_external::start_attempt($quiz->id, [["name" => "quizpassword", "value" => 'abc']]);
>             $this->fail('Exception expected due to attempt not finished.');
>         } catch (moodle_exception $e) {
>             $this->assertEquals('attemptstillinprogress', $e->errorcode);
>         }
> 
>         // Finish the started attempt.
> 
>         // Process some responses from the student.
>         $timenow = time();
>         $attemptobj = quiz_attempt::create($attemptid);
>         $tosubmit = [1 => ['answer' => '3.14']];
>         $attemptobj->process_submitted_actions($timenow, false, $tosubmit);
> 
>         // Finish the attempt.
>         $attemptobj = quiz_attempt::create($attemptid);
>         $this->assertTrue($attemptobj->has_response_to_at_least_one_graded_question());
>         $attemptobj->process_finish($timenow, false);
> 
>         // We should be able to start a new attempt.
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::start_attempt($quiz->id, [["name" => "quizpassword", "value" => 'abc']]);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::start_attempt_returns(), $result);
> 
>         $this->assertEquals(2, $result['attempt']['attempt']);
>         $this->assertEquals($this->student->id, $result['attempt']['userid']);
>         $this->assertEquals($quiz->id, $result['attempt']['quiz']);
>         $this->assertCount(0, $result['warnings']);
> 
>         // Test user with no capabilities.
>         // We need a explicit prohibit since this capability is only defined in authenticated user and guest roles.
>         assign_capability('mod/quiz:attempt', CAP_PROHIBIT, $this->studentrole->id, $context->id);
>         // Empty all the caches that may be affected  by this change.
>         accesslib_clear_all_caches_for_unit_testing();
>         \course_modinfo::clear_instance_cache();
> 
>         try {
>             mod_quiz_external::start_attempt($quiz->id);
>             $this->fail('Exception expected due to missing capability.');
>         } catch (\required_capability_exception $e) {
>             $this->assertEquals('nopermissions', $e->errorcode);
>         }
> 
>     }
> 
>     /**
>      * Test validate_attempt
>      */
>     public function test_validate_attempt() {
>         global $DB;
> 
>         // Create a new quiz with one attempt started.
>         list($quiz, $context, $quizobj, $attempt, $attemptobj) = $this->create_quiz_with_questions(true);
> 
>         $this->setUser($this->student);
> 
>         // Invalid attempt.
>         try {
>             $params = ['attemptid' => -1, 'page' => 0];
>             testable_mod_quiz_external::validate_attempt($params);
>             $this->fail('Exception expected due to invalid attempt id.');
>         } catch (\dml_missing_record_exception $e) {
>             $this->assertEquals('invalidrecord', $e->errorcode);
>         }
> 
>         // Test OK case.
>         $params = ['attemptid' => $attempt->id, 'page' => 0];
>         $result = testable_mod_quiz_external::validate_attempt($params);
>         $this->assertEquals($attempt->id, $result[0]->get_attempt()->id);
>         $this->assertEquals([], $result[1]);
> 
>         // Test with preflight data.
>         $quiz->password = 'abc';
>         $DB->update_record('quiz', $quiz);
> 
>         try {
>             $params = ['attemptid' => $attempt->id, 'page' => 0,
>                             'preflightdata' => [["name" => "quizpassword", "value" => 'bad']]];
>             testable_mod_quiz_external::validate_attempt($params);
>             $this->fail('Exception expected due to invalid passwod.');
>         } catch (moodle_exception $e) {
>             $this->assertEquals(get_string('passworderror', 'quizaccess_password'), $e->errorcode);
>         }
> 
>         // Now, try everything correct.
>         $params['preflightdata'][0]['value'] = 'abc';
>         $result = testable_mod_quiz_external::validate_attempt($params);
>         $this->assertEquals($attempt->id, $result[0]->get_attempt()->id);
>         $this->assertEquals([], $result[1]);
> 
>         // Page out of range.
>         $DB->update_record('quiz', $quiz);
>         $params['page'] = 4;
>         try {
>             testable_mod_quiz_external::validate_attempt($params);
>             $this->fail('Exception expected due to page out of range.');
>         } catch (moodle_exception $e) {
>             $this->assertEquals('Invalid page number', $e->errorcode);
>         }
> 
>         $params['page'] = 0;
>         // Try to open attempt in closed quiz.
>         $quiz->timeopen = time() - WEEKSECS;
>         $quiz->timeclose = time() - DAYSECS;
>         $DB->update_record('quiz', $quiz);
> 
>         // This should work, ommit access rules.
>         testable_mod_quiz_external::validate_attempt($params, false);
> 
>         // Get a generic error because prior to checking the dates the attempt is closed.
>         try {
>             testable_mod_quiz_external::validate_attempt($params);
>             $this->fail('Exception expected due to passed dates.');
>         } catch (moodle_exception $e) {
>             $this->assertEquals('attempterror', $e->errorcode);
>         }
> 
>         // Finish the attempt.
>         $attemptobj = quiz_attempt::create($attempt->id);
>         $attemptobj->process_finish(time(), false);
> 
>         try {
>             testable_mod_quiz_external::validate_attempt($params, false);
>             $this->fail('Exception expected due to attempt finished.');
>         } catch (moodle_exception $e) {
>             $this->assertEquals('attemptalreadyclosed', $e->errorcode);
>         }
> 
>         // Test user with no capabilities.
>         // We need a explicit prohibit since this capability is only defined in authenticated user and guest roles.
>         assign_capability('mod/quiz:attempt', CAP_PROHIBIT, $this->studentrole->id, $context->id);
>         // Empty all the caches that may be affected  by this change.
>         accesslib_clear_all_caches_for_unit_testing();
>         \course_modinfo::clear_instance_cache();
> 
>         try {
>             testable_mod_quiz_external::validate_attempt($params);
>             $this->fail('Exception expected due to missing permissions.');
>         } catch (\required_capability_exception $e) {
>             $this->assertEquals('nopermissions', $e->errorcode);
>         }
> 
>         // Now try with a different user.
>         $this->setUser($this->teacher);
> 
>         $params['page'] = 0;
>         try {
>             testable_mod_quiz_external::validate_attempt($params);
>             $this->fail('Exception expected due to not your attempt.');
>         } catch (moodle_exception $e) {
>             $this->assertEquals('notyourattempt', $e->errorcode);
>         }
>     }
> 
>     /**
>      * Test get_attempt_data
>      */
>     public function test_get_attempt_data() {
>         global $DB;
> 
>         $timenow = time();
>         // Create a new quiz with one attempt started.
>         [$quiz, , $quizobj, $attempt] = $this->create_quiz_with_questions(true);
>         /** @var structure $structure */
>         $structure = $quizobj->get_structure();
>         $structure->update_slot_display_number($structure->get_slot_id_for_slot(1), '1.a');
> 
>         // Set correctness mask so questions state can be fetched only after finishing the attempt.
>         $DB->set_field('quiz', 'reviewcorrectness', display_options::IMMEDIATELY_AFTER, ['id' => $quiz->id]);
> 
>         // Having changed some settings, recreate the objects.
>         $attemptobj = quiz_attempt::create($attempt->id);
>         $quizobj = $attemptobj->get_quizobj();
>         $quizobj->preload_questions();
>         $quizobj->load_questions();
>         $questions = $quizobj->get_questions();
> 
>         $this->setUser($this->student);
> 
>         // We receive one question per page.
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_attempt_data($attempt->id, 0);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::get_attempt_data_returns(), $result);
> 
>         $this->assertEquals($attempt, (object) $result['attempt']);
>         $this->assertEquals(1, $result['nextpage']);
>         $this->assertCount(0, $result['messages']);
>         $this->assertCount(1, $result['questions']);
>         $this->assertEquals(1, $result['questions'][0]['slot']);
>         $this->assertArrayNotHasKey('number', $result['questions'][0]);
>         $this->assertEquals('1.a', $result['questions'][0]['questionnumber']);
>         $this->assertEquals('numerical', $result['questions'][0]['type']);
>         $this->assertArrayNotHasKey('state', $result['questions'][0]);  // We don't receive the state yet.
>         $this->assertEquals(get_string('notyetanswered', 'question'), $result['questions'][0]['status']);
>         $this->assertFalse($result['questions'][0]['flagged']);
>         $this->assertEquals(0, $result['questions'][0]['page']);
>         $this->assertEmpty($result['questions'][0]['mark']);
>         $this->assertEquals(1, $result['questions'][0]['maxmark']);
>         $this->assertEquals(1, $result['questions'][0]['sequencecheck']);
>         $this->assertGreaterThanOrEqual($timenow, $result['questions'][0]['lastactiontime']);
>         $this->assertEquals(false, $result['questions'][0]['hasautosavedstep']);
> 
>         // Now try the last page.
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_attempt_data($attempt->id, 1);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::get_attempt_data_returns(), $result);
> 
>         $this->assertEquals($attempt, (object) $result['attempt']);
>         $this->assertEquals(-1, $result['nextpage']);
>         $this->assertCount(0, $result['messages']);
>         $this->assertCount(1, $result['questions']);
>         $this->assertEquals(2, $result['questions'][0]['slot']);
>         $this->assertEquals(2, $result['questions'][0]['questionnumber']);
>         $this->assertEquals(2, $result['questions'][0]['number']);
>         $this->assertEquals('numerical', $result['questions'][0]['type']);
>         $this->assertArrayNotHasKey('state', $result['questions'][0]);  // We don't receive the state yet.
>         $this->assertEquals(get_string('notyetanswered', 'question'), $result['questions'][0]['status']);
>         $this->assertFalse($result['questions'][0]['flagged']);
>         $this->assertEquals(1, $result['questions'][0]['page']);
>         $this->assertEquals(1, $result['questions'][0]['sequencecheck']);
>         $this->assertGreaterThanOrEqual($timenow, $result['questions'][0]['lastactiontime']);
>         $this->assertEquals(false, $result['questions'][0]['hasautosavedstep']);
> 
>         // Finish previous attempt.
>         $attemptobj->process_finish(time(), false);
> 
>         // Now we should receive the question state.
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_attempt_review($attempt->id, 1);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::get_attempt_review_returns(), $result);
>         $this->assertEquals('gaveup', $result['questions'][0]['state']);
> 
>         // Change setting and expect two pages.
>         $quiz->questionsperpage = 4;
>         $DB->update_record('quiz', $quiz);
>         quiz_repaginate_questions($quiz->id, $quiz->questionsperpage);
> 
>         // Start with new attempt with the new layout.
>         $quba = \question_engine::make_questions_usage_by_activity('mod_quiz', $quizobj->get_context());
>         $quba->set_preferred_behaviour($quizobj->get_quiz()->preferredbehaviour);
> 
>         $timenow = time();
>         $attempt = quiz_create_attempt($quizobj, 2, false, $timenow, false, $this->student->id);
>         quiz_start_new_attempt($quizobj, $quba, $attempt, 1, $timenow);
>         quiz_attempt_save_started($quizobj, $quba, $attempt);
> 
>         // We receive two questions per page.
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_attempt_data($attempt->id, 0);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::get_attempt_data_returns(), $result);
>         $this->assertCount(2, $result['questions']);
>         $this->assertEquals(-1, $result['nextpage']);
> 
>         // Check questions looks good.
>         $found = 0;
>         foreach ($questions as $question) {
>             foreach ($result['questions'] as $rquestion) {
>                 if ($rquestion['slot'] == $question->slot) {
>                     $this->assertTrue(strpos($rquestion['html'], "qid=$question->id") !== false);
>                     $found++;
>                 }
>             }
>         }
>         $this->assertEquals(2, $found);
> 
>     }
> 
>     /**
>      * Test get_attempt_data with blocked questions.
>      * @since 3.2
>      */
>     public function test_get_attempt_data_with_blocked_questions() {
>         global $DB;
> 
>         // Create a new quiz with one attempt started and using immediatefeedback.
>         list($quiz, $context, $quizobj, $attempt, $attemptobj) = $this->create_quiz_with_questions(
>                 true, false, 'immediatefeedback');
> 
>         $quizobj = $attemptobj->get_quizobj();
> 
>         // Make second question blocked by the first one.
>         $structure = $quizobj->get_structure();
>         $slots = $structure->get_slots();
>         $structure->update_question_dependency(end($slots)->id, true);
> 
>         $quizobj->preload_questions();
>         $quizobj->load_questions();
>         $questions = $quizobj->get_questions();
> 
>         $this->setUser($this->student);
> 
>         // We receive one question per page.
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_attempt_data($attempt->id, 0);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::get_attempt_data_returns(), $result);
> 
>         $this->assertEquals($attempt, (object) $result['attempt']);
>         $this->assertCount(1, $result['questions']);
>         $this->assertEquals(1, $result['questions'][0]['slot']);
>         $this->assertEquals(1, $result['questions'][0]['number']);
>         $this->assertEquals(false, $result['questions'][0]['blockedbyprevious']);
> 
>         // Now try the last page.
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_attempt_data($attempt->id, 1);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::get_attempt_data_returns(), $result);
> 
>         $this->assertEquals($attempt, (object) $result['attempt']);
>         $this->assertCount(1, $result['questions']);
>         $this->assertEquals(2, $result['questions'][0]['slot']);
>         $this->assertEquals(2, $result['questions'][0]['number']);
>         $this->assertEquals(true, $result['questions'][0]['blockedbyprevious']);
>     }
> 
>     /**
>      * Test get_attempt_summary
>      */
>     public function test_get_attempt_summary() {
> 
>         $timenow = time();
>         // Create a new quiz with one attempt started.
>         list($quiz, $context, $quizobj, $attempt, $attemptobj) = $this->create_quiz_with_questions(true);
> 
>         $this->setUser($this->student);
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_attempt_summary($attempt->id);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::get_attempt_summary_returns(), $result);
> 
>         // Check the state, flagged and mark data is correct.
>         $this->assertEquals('todo', $result['questions'][0]['state']);
>         $this->assertEquals('todo', $result['questions'][1]['state']);
>         $this->assertEquals(1, $result['questions'][0]['number']);
>         $this->assertEquals(2, $result['questions'][1]['number']);
>         $this->assertFalse($result['questions'][0]['flagged']);
>         $this->assertFalse($result['questions'][1]['flagged']);
>         $this->assertEmpty($result['questions'][0]['mark']);
>         $this->assertEmpty($result['questions'][1]['mark']);
>         $this->assertEquals(1, $result['questions'][0]['sequencecheck']);
>         $this->assertEquals(1, $result['questions'][1]['sequencecheck']);
>         $this->assertGreaterThanOrEqual($timenow, $result['questions'][0]['lastactiontime']);
>         $this->assertGreaterThanOrEqual($timenow, $result['questions'][1]['lastactiontime']);
>         $this->assertEquals(false, $result['questions'][0]['hasautosavedstep']);
>         $this->assertEquals(false, $result['questions'][1]['hasautosavedstep']);
> 
>         // Check question options.
>         $this->assertNotEmpty(5, $result['questions'][0]['settings']);
>         // Check at least some settings returned.
>         $this->assertCount(4, (array) json_decode($result['questions'][0]['settings']));
> 
>         // Submit a response for the first question.
>         $tosubmit = [1 => ['answer' => '3.14']];
>         $attemptobj->process_submitted_actions(time(), false, $tosubmit);
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_attempt_summary($attempt->id);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::get_attempt_summary_returns(), $result);
> 
>         // Check it's marked as completed only the first one.
>         $this->assertEquals('complete', $result['questions'][0]['state']);
>         $this->assertEquals('todo', $result['questions'][1]['state']);
>         $this->assertEquals(1, $result['questions'][0]['number']);
>         $this->assertEquals(2, $result['questions'][1]['number']);
>         $this->assertFalse($result['questions'][0]['flagged']);
>         $this->assertFalse($result['questions'][1]['flagged']);
>         $this->assertEmpty($result['questions'][0]['mark']);
>         $this->assertEmpty($result['questions'][1]['mark']);
>         $this->assertEquals(2, $result['questions'][0]['sequencecheck']);
>         $this->assertEquals(1, $result['questions'][1]['sequencecheck']);
>         $this->assertGreaterThanOrEqual($timenow, $result['questions'][0]['lastactiontime']);
>         $this->assertGreaterThanOrEqual($timenow, $result['questions'][1]['lastactiontime']);
>         $this->assertEquals(false, $result['questions'][0]['hasautosavedstep']);
>         $this->assertEquals(false, $result['questions'][1]['hasautosavedstep']);
> 
>     }
> 
>     /**
>      * Test save_attempt
>      */
>     public function test_save_attempt() {
> 
>         $timenow = time();
>         // Create a new quiz with one attempt started.
>         list($quiz, $context, $quizobj, $attempt, $attemptobj, $quba) = $this->create_quiz_with_questions(true);
> 
>         // Response for slot 1.
>         $prefix = $quba->get_field_prefix(1);
>         $data = [
>             ['name' => 'slots', 'value' => 1],
>             ['name' => $prefix . ':sequencecheck',
>                     'value' => $attemptobj->get_question_attempt(1)->get_sequence_check_count()],
>             ['name' => $prefix . 'answer', 'value' => 1],
>         ];
> 
>         $this->setUser($this->student);
> 
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::save_attempt($attempt->id, $data);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::save_attempt_returns(), $result);
>         $this->assertTrue($result['status']);
> 
>         // Now, get the summary.
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_attempt_summary($attempt->id);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::get_attempt_summary_returns(), $result);
> 
>         // Check it's marked as completed only the first one.
>         $this->assertEquals('complete', $result['questions'][0]['state']);
>         $this->assertEquals('todo', $result['questions'][1]['state']);
>         $this->assertEquals(1, $result['questions'][0]['number']);
>         $this->assertEquals(2, $result['questions'][1]['number']);
>         $this->assertFalse($result['questions'][0]['flagged']);
>         $this->assertFalse($result['questions'][1]['flagged']);
>         $this->assertEmpty($result['questions'][0]['mark']);
>         $this->assertEmpty($result['questions'][1]['mark']);
>         $this->assertEquals(1, $result['questions'][0]['sequencecheck']);
>         $this->assertEquals(1, $result['questions'][1]['sequencecheck']);
>         $this->assertGreaterThanOrEqual($timenow, $result['questions'][0]['lastactiontime']);
>         $this->assertGreaterThanOrEqual($timenow, $result['questions'][1]['lastactiontime']);
>         $this->assertEquals(true, $result['questions'][0]['hasautosavedstep']);
>         $this->assertEquals(false, $result['questions'][1]['hasautosavedstep']);
> 
>         // Now, second slot.
>         $prefix = $quba->get_field_prefix(2);
>         $data = [
>             ['name' => 'slots', 'value' => 2],
>             ['name' => $prefix . ':sequencecheck',
>                     'value' => $attemptobj->get_question_attempt(1)->get_sequence_check_count()],
>             ['name' => $prefix . 'answer', 'value' => 1],
>         ];
> 
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::save_attempt($attempt->id, $data);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::save_attempt_returns(), $result);
>         $this->assertTrue($result['status']);
> 
>         // Now, get the summary.
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_attempt_summary($attempt->id);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::get_attempt_summary_returns(), $result);
> 
>         // Check it's marked as completed only the first one.
>         $this->assertEquals('complete', $result['questions'][0]['state']);
>         $this->assertEquals(1, $result['questions'][0]['sequencecheck']);
>         $this->assertEquals('complete', $result['questions'][1]['state']);
>         $this->assertEquals(1, $result['questions'][1]['sequencecheck']);
> 
>     }
> 
>     /**
>      * Test process_attempt
>      */
>     public function test_process_attempt() {
>         global $DB;
> 
>         $timenow = time();
>         // Create a new quiz with three questions and one attempt started.
>         list($quiz, $context, $quizobj, $attempt, $attemptobj, $quba) = $this->create_quiz_with_questions(true, false,
>             'deferredfeedback', true);
> 
>         // Response for slot 1.
>         $prefix = $quba->get_field_prefix(1);
>         $data = [
>             ['name' => 'slots', 'value' => 1],
>             ['name' => $prefix . ':sequencecheck',
>                     'value' => $attemptobj->get_question_attempt(1)->get_sequence_check_count()],
>             ['name' => $prefix . 'answer', 'value' => 1],
>         ];
> 
>         $this->setUser($this->student);
> 
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::process_attempt($attempt->id, $data);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::process_attempt_returns(), $result);
>         $this->assertEquals(quiz_attempt::IN_PROGRESS, $result['state']);
> 
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_attempt_data($attempt->id, 2);
> 
>         // Now, get the summary.
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_attempt_summary($attempt->id);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::get_attempt_summary_returns(), $result);
> 
>         // Check it's marked as completed only the first one.
>         $this->assertEquals('complete', $result['questions'][0]['state']);
>         $this->assertEquals('todo', $result['questions'][1]['state']);
>         $this->assertEquals(1, $result['questions'][0]['number']);
>         $this->assertEquals(2, $result['questions'][1]['number']);
>         $this->assertFalse($result['questions'][0]['flagged']);
>         $this->assertFalse($result['questions'][1]['flagged']);
>         $this->assertEmpty($result['questions'][0]['mark']);
>         $this->assertEmpty($result['questions'][1]['mark']);
>         $this->assertEquals(2, $result['questions'][0]['sequencecheck']);
>         $this->assertEquals(2, $result['questions'][0]['sequencecheck']);
>         $this->assertGreaterThanOrEqual($timenow, $result['questions'][0]['lastactiontime']);
>         $this->assertGreaterThanOrEqual($timenow, $result['questions'][0]['lastactiontime']);
>         $this->assertEquals(false, $result['questions'][0]['hasautosavedstep']);
>         $this->assertEquals(false, $result['questions'][0]['hasautosavedstep']);
> 
>         // Now, second slot.
>         $prefix = $quba->get_field_prefix(2);
>         $data = [
>             ['name' => 'slots', 'value' => 2],
>             ['name' => $prefix . ':sequencecheck',
>                     'value' => $attemptobj->get_question_attempt(1)->get_sequence_check_count()],
>             ['name' => $prefix . 'answer', 'value' => 1],
>             ['name' => $prefix . ':flagged', 'value' => 1],
>         ];
> 
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::process_attempt($attempt->id, $data);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::process_attempt_returns(), $result);
>         $this->assertEquals(quiz_attempt::IN_PROGRESS, $result['state']);
> 
>         // Now, get the summary.
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_attempt_summary($attempt->id);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::get_attempt_summary_returns(), $result);
> 
>         // Check it's marked as completed the two first questions.
>         $this->assertEquals('complete', $result['questions'][0]['state']);
>         $this->assertEquals('complete', $result['questions'][1]['state']);
>         $this->assertFalse($result['questions'][0]['flagged']);
>         $this->assertTrue($result['questions'][1]['flagged']);
> 
>         // Add files in the attachment response.
>         $draftitemid = file_get_unused_draft_itemid();
>         $filerecordinline = [
>             'contextid' => \context_user::instance($this->student->id)->id,
>             'component' => 'user',
>             'filearea'  => 'draft',
>             'itemid'    => $draftitemid,
>             'filepath'  => '/',
>             'filename'  => 'faketxt.txt',
>         ];
>         $fs = get_file_storage();
>         $fs->create_file_from_string($filerecordinline, 'fake txt contents 1.');
> 
>         // Last slot.
>         $prefix = $quba->get_field_prefix(3);
>         $data = [
>             ['name' => 'slots', 'value' => 3],
>             ['name' => $prefix . ':sequencecheck',
>                     'value' => $attemptobj->get_question_attempt(1)->get_sequence_check_count()],
>             ['name' => $prefix . 'answer', 'value' => 'Some test'],
>             ['name' => $prefix . 'answerformat', 'value' => FORMAT_HTML],
>             ['name' => $prefix . 'attachments', 'value' => $draftitemid],
>         ];
> 
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::process_attempt($attempt->id, $data);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::process_attempt_returns(), $result);
>         $this->assertEquals(quiz_attempt::IN_PROGRESS, $result['state']);
> 
>         // Now, get the summary.
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_attempt_summary($attempt->id);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::get_attempt_summary_returns(), $result);
> 
>         $this->assertEquals('complete', $result['questions'][0]['state']);
>         $this->assertEquals('complete', $result['questions'][1]['state']);
>         $this->assertEquals('complete', $result['questions'][2]['state']);
>         $this->assertFalse($result['questions'][0]['flagged']);
>         $this->assertTrue($result['questions'][1]['flagged']);
>         $this->assertFalse($result['questions'][2]['flagged']);
> 
>         // Check submitted files are there.
>         $this->assertCount(1, $result['questions'][2]['responsefileareas']);
>         $this->assertEquals('attachments', $result['questions'][2]['responsefileareas'][0]['area']);
>         $this->assertCount(1, $result['questions'][2]['responsefileareas'][0]['files']);
>         $this->assertEquals($filerecordinline['filename'], $result['questions'][2]['responsefileareas'][0]['files'][0]['filename']);
> 
>         // Finish the attempt.
>         $sink = $this->redirectMessages();
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::process_attempt($attempt->id, [], true);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::process_attempt_returns(), $result);
>         $this->assertEquals(quiz_attempt::FINISHED, $result['state']);
>         $messages = $sink->get_messages();
>         $message = reset($messages);
>         $sink->close();
>         // Test customdata.
>         if (!empty($message->customdata)) {
>             $customdata = json_decode($message->customdata);
>             $this->assertEquals($quizobj->get_quizid(), $customdata->instance);
>             $this->assertEquals($quizobj->get_cmid(), $customdata->cmid);
>             $this->assertEquals($attempt->id, $customdata->attemptid);
>             $this->assertObjectHasAttribute('notificationiconurl', $customdata);
>         }
> 
>         // Start new attempt.
>         $quba = \question_engine::make_questions_usage_by_activity('mod_quiz', $quizobj->get_context());
>         $quba->set_preferred_behaviour($quizobj->get_quiz()->preferredbehaviour);
> 
>         $timenow = time();
>         $attempt = quiz_create_attempt($quizobj, 2, false, $timenow, false, $this->student->id);
>         quiz_start_new_attempt($quizobj, $quba, $attempt, 2, $timenow);
>         quiz_attempt_save_started($quizobj, $quba, $attempt);
> 
>         // Force grace period, attempt going to overdue.
>         $quiz->timeclose = $timenow - 10;
>         $quiz->graceperiod = 60;
>         $quiz->overduehandling = 'graceperiod';
>         $DB->update_record('quiz', $quiz);
> 
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::process_attempt($attempt->id, []);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::process_attempt_returns(), $result);
>         $this->assertEquals(quiz_attempt::OVERDUE, $result['state']);
> 
>         // Force grace period for time limit.
>         $quiz->timeclose = 0;
>         $quiz->timelimit = 1;
>         $quiz->graceperiod = 60;
>         $quiz->overduehandling = 'graceperiod';
>         $DB->update_record('quiz', $quiz);
> 
>         $timenow = time();
>         $quba = \question_engine::make_questions_usage_by_activity('mod_quiz', $quizobj->get_context());
>         $quba->set_preferred_behaviour($quizobj->get_quiz()->preferredbehaviour);
>         $attempt = quiz_create_attempt($quizobj, 3, 2, $timenow - 10, false, $this->student->id);
>         quiz_start_new_attempt($quizobj, $quba, $attempt, 2, $timenow - 10);
>         quiz_attempt_save_started($quizobj, $quba, $attempt);
> 
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::process_attempt($attempt->id, []);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::process_attempt_returns(), $result);
>         $this->assertEquals(quiz_attempt::OVERDUE, $result['state']);
> 
>         // New attempt.
>         $timenow = time();
>         $quba = \question_engine::make_questions_usage_by_activity('mod_quiz', $quizobj->get_context());
>         $quba->set_preferred_behaviour($quizobj->get_quiz()->preferredbehaviour);
>         $attempt = quiz_create_attempt($quizobj, 4, 3, $timenow, false, $this->student->id);
>         quiz_start_new_attempt($quizobj, $quba, $attempt, 3, $timenow);
>         quiz_attempt_save_started($quizobj, $quba, $attempt);
> 
>         // Force abandon.
>         $quiz->timeclose = $timenow - HOURSECS;
>         $DB->update_record('quiz', $quiz);
> 
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::process_attempt($attempt->id, []);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::process_attempt_returns(), $result);
>         $this->assertEquals(quiz_attempt::ABANDONED, $result['state']);
> 
>     }
> 
>     /**
>      * Test validate_attempt_review
>      */
>     public function test_validate_attempt_review() {
>         global $DB;
> 
>         // Create a new quiz with one attempt started.
>         list($quiz, $context, $quizobj, $attempt, $attemptobj) = $this->create_quiz_with_questions(true);
> 
>         $this->setUser($this->student);
> 
>         // Invalid attempt, invalid id.
>         try {
>             $params = ['attemptid' => -1];
>             testable_mod_quiz_external::validate_attempt_review($params);
>             $this->fail('Exception expected due invalid id.');
>         } catch (\dml_missing_record_exception $e) {
>             $this->assertEquals('invalidrecord', $e->errorcode);
>         }
> 
>         // Invalid attempt, not closed.
>         try {
>             $params = ['attemptid' => $attempt->id];
>             testable_mod_quiz_external::validate_attempt_review($params);
>             $this->fail('Exception expected due not closed attempt.');
>         } catch (moodle_exception $e) {
>             $this->assertEquals('attemptclosed', $e->errorcode);
>         }
> 
>         // Test ok case (finished attempt).
>         list($quiz, $context, $quizobj, $attempt, $attemptobj) = $this->create_quiz_with_questions(true, true);
> 
>         $params = ['attemptid' => $attempt->id];
>         testable_mod_quiz_external::validate_attempt_review($params);
> 
>         // Teacher should be able to view the review of one student's attempt.
>         $this->setUser($this->teacher);
>         testable_mod_quiz_external::validate_attempt_review($params);
> 
>         // We should not see other students attempts.
>         $anotherstudent = self::getDataGenerator()->create_user();
>         $this->getDataGenerator()->enrol_user($anotherstudent->id, $this->course->id, $this->studentrole->id, 'manual');
> 
>         $this->setUser($anotherstudent);
>         try {
>             $params = ['attemptid' => $attempt->id];
>             testable_mod_quiz_external::validate_attempt_review($params);
>             $this->fail('Exception expected due missing permissions.');
>         } catch (moodle_exception $e) {
>             $this->assertEquals('noreviewattempt', $e->errorcode);
>         }
>     }
> 
> 
>     /**
>      * Test get_attempt_review
>      */
>     public function test_get_attempt_review() {
>         global $DB;
> 
>         // Create a new quiz with two questions and one attempt finished.
>         list($quiz, $context, $quizobj, $attempt, $attemptobj, $quba) = $this->create_quiz_with_questions(true, true);
> 
>         // Add feedback to the quiz.
>         $feedback = new \stdClass();
>         $feedback->quizid = $quiz->id;
>         $feedback->feedbacktext = 'Feedback text 1';
>         $feedback->feedbacktextformat = 1;
>         $feedback->mingrade = 49;
>         $feedback->maxgrade = 100;
>         $feedback->id = $DB->insert_record('quiz_feedback', $feedback);
> 
>         $feedback->feedbacktext = 'Feedback text 2';
>         $feedback->feedbacktextformat = 1;
>         $feedback->mingrade = 30;
>         $feedback->maxgrade = 48;
>         $feedback->id = $DB->insert_record('quiz_feedback', $feedback);
> 
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_attempt_review($attempt->id);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::get_attempt_review_returns(), $result);
> 
>         // Two questions, one completed and correct, the other gave up.
>         $this->assertEquals(50, $result['grade']);
>         $this->assertEquals(1, $result['attempt']['attempt']);
>         $this->assertEquals('finished', $result['attempt']['state']);
>         $this->assertEquals(1, $result['attempt']['sumgrades']);
>         $this->assertCount(2, $result['questions']);
>         $this->assertEquals('gradedright', $result['questions'][0]['state']);
>         $this->assertEquals(1, $result['questions'][0]['slot']);
>         $this->assertEquals('gaveup', $result['questions'][1]['state']);
>         $this->assertEquals(2, $result['questions'][1]['slot']);
> 
>         $this->assertCount(1, $result['additionaldata']);
>         $this->assertEquals('feedback', $result['additionaldata'][0]['id']);
>         $this->assertEquals('Feedback', $result['additionaldata'][0]['title']);
>         $this->assertEquals('Feedback text 1', $result['additionaldata'][0]['content']);
> 
>         // Only first page.
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_attempt_review($attempt->id, 0);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::get_attempt_review_returns(), $result);
> 
>         $this->assertEquals(50, $result['grade']);
>         $this->assertEquals(1, $result['attempt']['attempt']);
>         $this->assertEquals('finished', $result['attempt']['state']);
>         $this->assertEquals(1, $result['attempt']['sumgrades']);
>         $this->assertCount(1, $result['questions']);
>         $this->assertEquals('gradedright', $result['questions'][0]['state']);
>         $this->assertEquals(1, $result['questions'][0]['slot']);
> 
>          $this->assertCount(1, $result['additionaldata']);
>         $this->assertEquals('feedback', $result['additionaldata'][0]['id']);
>         $this->assertEquals('Feedback', $result['additionaldata'][0]['title']);
>         $this->assertEquals('Feedback text 1', $result['additionaldata'][0]['content']);
> 
>     }
> 
>     /**
>      * Test test_view_attempt
>      */
>     public function test_view_attempt() {
>         global $DB;
> 
>         // Create a new quiz with two questions and one attempt started.
>         list($quiz, $context, $quizobj, $attempt, $attemptobj, $quba) = $this->create_quiz_with_questions(true, false);
> 
>         // Test user with full capabilities.
>         $this->setUser($this->student);
> 
>         // Trigger and capture the event.
>         $sink = $this->redirectEvents();
> 
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::view_attempt($attempt->id, 0);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::view_attempt_returns(), $result);
>         $this->assertTrue($result['status']);
> 
>         $events = $sink->get_events();
>         $this->assertCount(1, $events);
>         $event = array_shift($events);
> 
>         // Checking that the event contains the expected values.
>         $this->assertInstanceOf('\mod_quiz\event\attempt_viewed', $event);
>         $this->assertEquals($context, $event->get_context());
>         $this->assertEventContextNotUsed($event);
>         $this->assertNotEmpty($event->get_name());
> 
>         // Now, force the quiz with QUIZ_NAVMETHOD_SEQ (sequential) navigation method.
>         $DB->set_field('quiz', 'navmethod', QUIZ_NAVMETHOD_SEQ, ['id' => $quiz->id]);
>         // Quiz requiring preflightdata.
>         $DB->set_field('quiz', 'password', 'abcdef', ['id' => $quiz->id]);
>         $preflightdata = [["name" => "quizpassword", "value" => 'abcdef']];
> 
>         // See next page.
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::view_attempt($attempt->id, 1, $preflightdata);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::view_attempt_returns(), $result);
>         $this->assertTrue($result['status']);
> 
>         $events = $sink->get_events();
>         $this->assertCount(2, $events);
> 
>         // Try to go to previous page.
>         try {
>             mod_quiz_external::view_attempt($attempt->id, 0);
>             $this->fail('Exception expected due to try to see a previous page.');
>         } catch (moodle_exception $e) {
>             $this->assertEquals('Out of sequence access', $e->errorcode);
>         }
> 
>     }
> 
>     /**
>      * Test test_view_attempt_summary
>      */
>     public function test_view_attempt_summary() {
>         global $DB;
> 
>         // Create a new quiz with two questions and one attempt started.
>         list($quiz, $context, $quizobj, $attempt, $attemptobj, $quba) = $this->create_quiz_with_questions(true, false);
> 
>         // Test user with full capabilities.
>         $this->setUser($this->student);
> 
>         // Trigger and capture the event.
>         $sink = $this->redirectEvents();
> 
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::view_attempt_summary($attempt->id);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::view_attempt_summary_returns(), $result);
>         $this->assertTrue($result['status']);
> 
>         $events = $sink->get_events();
>         $this->assertCount(1, $events);
>         $event = array_shift($events);
> 
>         // Checking that the event contains the expected values.
>         $this->assertInstanceOf('\mod_quiz\event\attempt_summary_viewed', $event);
>         $this->assertEquals($context, $event->get_context());
>         $moodlequiz = new \moodle_url('/mod/quiz/summary.php', ['attempt' => $attempt->id]);
>         $this->assertEquals($moodlequiz, $event->get_url());
>         $this->assertEventContextNotUsed($event);
>         $this->assertNotEmpty($event->get_name());
> 
>         // Quiz requiring preflightdata.
>         $DB->set_field('quiz', 'password', 'abcdef', ['id' => $quiz->id]);
>         $preflightdata = [["name" => "quizpassword", "value" => 'abcdef']];
> 
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::view_attempt_summary($attempt->id, $preflightdata);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::view_attempt_summary_returns(), $result);
>         $this->assertTrue($result['status']);
> 
>     }
> 
>     /**
>      * Test test_view_attempt_summary
>      */
>     public function test_view_attempt_review() {
>         global $DB;
> 
>         // Create a new quiz with two questions and one attempt finished.
>         list($quiz, $context, $quizobj, $attempt, $attemptobj, $quba) = $this->create_quiz_with_questions(true, true);
> 
>         // Test user with full capabilities.
>         $this->setUser($this->student);
> 
>         // Trigger and capture the event.
>         $sink = $this->redirectEvents();
> 
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::view_attempt_review($attempt->id, 0);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::view_attempt_review_returns(), $result);
>         $this->assertTrue($result['status']);
> 
>         $events = $sink->get_events();
>         $this->assertCount(1, $events);
>         $event = array_shift($events);
> 
>         // Checking that the event contains the expected values.
>         $this->assertInstanceOf('\mod_quiz\event\attempt_reviewed', $event);
>         $this->assertEquals($context, $event->get_context());
>         $moodlequiz = new \moodle_url('/mod/quiz/review.php', ['attempt' => $attempt->id]);
>         $this->assertEquals($moodlequiz, $event->get_url());
>         $this->assertEventContextNotUsed($event);
>         $this->assertNotEmpty($event->get_name());
> 
>     }
> 
>     /**
>      * Test get_quiz_feedback_for_grade
>      */
>     public function test_get_quiz_feedback_for_grade() {
>         global $DB;
> 
>         // Add feedback to the quiz.
>         $feedback = new \stdClass();
>         $feedback->quizid = $this->quiz->id;
>         $feedback->feedbacktext = 'Feedback text 1';
>         $feedback->feedbacktextformat = 1;
>         $feedback->mingrade = 49;
>         $feedback->maxgrade = 100;
>         $feedback->id = $DB->insert_record('quiz_feedback', $feedback);
>         // Add a fake inline image to the feedback text.
>         $filename = 'shouldbeanimage.jpg';
>         $filerecordinline = [
>             'contextid' => $this->context->id,
>             'component' => 'mod_quiz',
>             'filearea'  => 'feedback',
>             'itemid'    => $feedback->id,
>             'filepath'  => '/',
>             'filename'  => $filename,
>         ];
>         $fs = get_file_storage();
>         $fs->create_file_from_string($filerecordinline, 'image contents (not really)');
> 
>         $feedback->feedbacktext = 'Feedback text 2';
>         $feedback->feedbacktextformat = 1;
>         $feedback->mingrade = 30;
>         $feedback->maxgrade = 49;
>         $feedback->id = $DB->insert_record('quiz_feedback', $feedback);
> 
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_quiz_feedback_for_grade($this->quiz->id, 50);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::get_quiz_feedback_for_grade_returns(), $result);
>         $this->assertEquals('Feedback text 1', $result['feedbacktext']);
>         $this->assertEquals($filename, $result['feedbackinlinefiles'][0]['filename']);
>         $this->assertEquals(FORMAT_HTML, $result['feedbacktextformat']);
> 
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_quiz_feedback_for_grade($this->quiz->id, 30);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::get_quiz_feedback_for_grade_returns(), $result);
>         $this->assertEquals('Feedback text 2', $result['feedbacktext']);
>         $this->assertEquals(FORMAT_HTML, $result['feedbacktextformat']);
> 
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_quiz_feedback_for_grade($this->quiz->id, 10);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::get_quiz_feedback_for_grade_returns(), $result);
>         $this->assertEquals('', $result['feedbacktext']);
>         $this->assertEquals(FORMAT_MOODLE, $result['feedbacktextformat']);
>     }
> 
>     /**
>      * Test get_quiz_access_information
>      */
>     public function test_get_quiz_access_information() {
>         global $DB;
> 
>         // Create a new quiz.
>         $quizgenerator = $this->getDataGenerator()->get_plugin_generator('mod_quiz');
>         $data = ['course' => $this->course->id];
>         $quiz = $quizgenerator->create_instance($data);
> 
>         $this->setUser($this->student);
> 
>         // Default restrictions (none).
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_quiz_access_information($quiz->id);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::get_quiz_access_information_returns(), $result);
> 
>         $expected = [
>             'canattempt' => true,
>             'canmanage' => false,
>             'canpreview' => false,
>             'canreviewmyattempts' => true,
>             'canviewreports' => false,
>             'accessrules' => [],
>             // This rule is always used, even if the quiz has no open or close date.
>             'activerulenames' => ['quizaccess_openclosedate'],
>             'preventaccessreasons' => [],
>             'warnings' => []
>         ];
> 
>         $this->assertEquals($expected, $result);
> 
>         // Now teacher, different privileges.
>         $this->setUser($this->teacher);
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_quiz_access_information($quiz->id);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::get_quiz_access_information_returns(), $result);
> 
>         $expected['canmanage'] = true;
>         $expected['canpreview'] = true;
>         $expected['canviewreports'] = true;
>         $expected['canattempt'] = false;
>         $expected['canreviewmyattempts'] = false;
> 
>         $this->assertEquals($expected, $result);
> 
>         $this->setUser($this->student);
>         // Now add some restrictions.
>         $quiz->timeopen = time() + DAYSECS;
>         $quiz->timeclose = time() + WEEKSECS;
>         $quiz->password = '123456';
>         $DB->update_record('quiz', $quiz);
> 
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_quiz_access_information($quiz->id);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::get_quiz_access_information_returns(), $result);
> 
>         // Access is limited by time and password, but only the password limit has a description.
>         $this->assertCount(1, $result['accessrules']);
>         // Two rule names, password and open/close date.
>         $this->assertCount(2, $result['activerulenames']);
>         $this->assertCount(1, $result['preventaccessreasons']);
> 
>     }
> 
>     /**
>      * Test get_attempt_access_information
>      */
>     public function test_get_attempt_access_information() {
>         global $DB;
> 
>         $this->setAdminUser();
> 
>         // Create a new quiz with attempts.
>         $quizgenerator = $this->getDataGenerator()->get_plugin_generator('mod_quiz');
>         $data = ['course' => $this->course->id,
>                       'sumgrades' => 2];
>         $quiz = $quizgenerator->create_instance($data);
> 
>         // Create some questions.
>         $questiongenerator = $this->getDataGenerator()->get_plugin_generator('core_question');
> 
>         $cat = $questiongenerator->create_question_category();
>         $question = $questiongenerator->create_question('numerical', null, ['category' => $cat->id]);
>         quiz_add_quiz_question($question->id, $quiz);
> 
>         $question = $questiongenerator->create_question('shortanswer', null, ['category' => $cat->id]);
>         quiz_add_quiz_question($question->id, $quiz);
> 
>         // Add new question types in the category (for the random one).
>         $question = $questiongenerator->create_question('truefalse', null, ['category' => $cat->id]);
>         $question = $questiongenerator->create_question('essay', null, ['category' => $cat->id]);
> 
>         quiz_add_random_questions($quiz, 0, $cat->id, 1, false);
> 
>         $quizobj = quiz_settings::create($quiz->id, $this->student->id);
> 
>         // Set grade to pass.
>         $item = \grade_item::fetch(['courseid' => $this->course->id, 'itemtype' => 'mod',
>                                         'itemmodule' => 'quiz', 'iteminstance' => $quiz->id, 'outcomeid' => null]);
>         $item->gradepass = 80;
>         $item->update();
> 
>         $this->setUser($this->student);
> 
>         // Default restrictions (none).
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_attempt_access_information($quiz->id);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::get_attempt_access_information_returns(), $result);
> 
>         $expected = [
>             'isfinished' => false,
>             'preventnewattemptreasons' => [],
>             'warnings' => []
>         ];
> 
>         $this->assertEquals($expected, $result);
> 
>         // Limited attempts.
>         $quiz->attempts = 1;
>         $DB->update_record('quiz', $quiz);
> 
>         // Now, do one attempt.
>         $quba = \question_engine::make_questions_usage_by_activity('mod_quiz', $quizobj->get_context());
>         $quba->set_preferred_behaviour($quizobj->get_quiz()->preferredbehaviour);
> 
>         $timenow = time();
>         $attempt = quiz_create_attempt($quizobj, 1, false, $timenow, false, $this->student->id);
>         quiz_start_new_attempt($quizobj, $quba, $attempt, 1, $timenow);
>         quiz_attempt_save_started($quizobj, $quba, $attempt);
> 
>         // Process some responses from the student.
>         $attemptobj = quiz_attempt::create($attempt->id);
>         $tosubmit = [1 => ['answer' => '3.14']];
>         $attemptobj->process_submitted_actions($timenow, false, $tosubmit);
> 
>         // Finish the attempt.
>         $attemptobj = quiz_attempt::create($attempt->id);
>         $this->assertTrue($attemptobj->has_response_to_at_least_one_graded_question());
>         $attemptobj->process_finish($timenow, false);
> 
>         // Can we start a new attempt? We shall not!
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_attempt_access_information($quiz->id, $attempt->id);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::get_attempt_access_information_returns(), $result);
> 
>         // Now new attemps allowed.
>         $this->assertCount(1, $result['preventnewattemptreasons']);
>         $this->assertFalse($result['ispreflightcheckrequired']);
>         $this->assertEquals(get_string('nomoreattempts', 'quiz'), $result['preventnewattemptreasons'][0]);
> 
>     }
> 
>     /**
>      * Test get_quiz_required_qtypes
>      */
>     public function test_get_quiz_required_qtypes() {
>         $this->setAdminUser();
> 
>         // Create a new quiz.
>         $quizgenerator = $this->getDataGenerator()->get_plugin_generator('mod_quiz');
>         $data = ['course' => $this->course->id];
>         $quiz = $quizgenerator->create_instance($data);
> 
>         // Create some questions.
>         $questiongenerator = $this->getDataGenerator()->get_plugin_generator('core_question');
> 
>         $cat = $questiongenerator->create_question_category();
>         $question = $questiongenerator->create_question('numerical', null, ['category' => $cat->id]);
>         quiz_add_quiz_question($question->id, $quiz);
> 
>         $question = $questiongenerator->create_question('shortanswer', null, ['category' => $cat->id]);
>         quiz_add_quiz_question($question->id, $quiz);
> 
>         $question = $questiongenerator->create_question('truefalse', null, ['category' => $cat->id]);
>         quiz_add_quiz_question($question->id, $quiz);
> 
>         $question = $questiongenerator->create_question('essay', null, ['category' => $cat->id]);
>         quiz_add_quiz_question($question->id, $quiz);
> 
>         $question = $questiongenerator->create_question('multichoice', null,
>                 ['category' => $cat->id, 'status' => question_version_status::QUESTION_STATUS_DRAFT]);
>         quiz_add_quiz_question($question->id, $quiz);
> 
>         $this->setUser($this->student);
> 
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_quiz_required_qtypes($quiz->id);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::get_quiz_required_qtypes_returns(), $result);
> 
>         $expected = [
>             'questiontypes' => ['essay', 'numerical', 'shortanswer', 'truefalse'],
>             'warnings' => []
>         ];
> 
>         $this->assertEquals($expected, $result);
> 
>     }
> 
>     /**
>      * Test get_quiz_required_qtypes for quiz with random questions
>      */
>     public function test_get_quiz_required_qtypes_random() {
>         $this->setAdminUser();
> 
>         // Create a new quiz.
>         $quizgenerator = $this->getDataGenerator()->get_plugin_generator('mod_quiz');
>         $quiz = $quizgenerator->create_instance(['course' => $this->course->id]);
> 
>         // Create some questions.
>         $questiongenerator = $this->getDataGenerator()->get_plugin_generator('core_question');
> 
>         $cat = $questiongenerator->create_question_category();
>         $anothercat = $questiongenerator->create_question_category();
> 
>         $question = $questiongenerator->create_question('numerical', null, ['category' => $cat->id]);
>         $question = $questiongenerator->create_question('shortanswer', null, ['category' => $cat->id]);
>         $question = $questiongenerator->create_question('truefalse', null, ['category' => $cat->id]);
>         // Question in a different category.
>         $question = $questiongenerator->create_question('essay', null, ['category' => $anothercat->id]);
> 
>         // Add a couple of random questions from the same category.
>         quiz_add_random_questions($quiz, 0, $cat->id, 1, false);
>         quiz_add_random_questions($quiz, 0, $cat->id, 1, false);
> 
>         $this->setUser($this->student);
> 
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_quiz_required_qtypes($quiz->id);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::get_quiz_required_qtypes_returns(), $result);
> 
>         $expected = ['numerical', 'shortanswer', 'truefalse'];
>         ksort($result['questiontypes']);
> 
>         $this->assertEquals($expected, $result['questiontypes']);
> 
>         // Add more questions to the quiz, this time from the other category.
>         $this->setAdminUser();
>         quiz_add_random_questions($quiz, 0, $anothercat->id, 1, false);
> 
>         $this->setUser($this->student);
>         $result = mod_quiz_external::get_quiz_required_qtypes($quiz->id);
>         $result = external_api::clean_returnvalue(mod_quiz_external::get_quiz_required_qtypes_returns(), $result);
> 
>         // The new question from the new category is returned as a potential random question for the quiz.
>         $expected = ['essay', 'numerical', 'shortanswer', 'truefalse'];
>         ksort($result['questiontypes']);
> 
>         $this->assertEquals($expected, $result['questiontypes']);
>     }
> 
>     /**



<         } catch (\moodle_exception $e) {



>         } catch (moodle_exception $e) {



<         } catch (\moodle_exception $e) {



>         } catch (moodle_exception $e) {



<         } catch (\moodle_exception $e) {



>         } catch (moodle_exception $e) {



<         } catch (\moodle_exception $e) {



>         } catch (moodle_exception $e) {



<      * @return quiz



>      * @return quiz_settings



<     private function prepare_sequential_quiz() {



>     private function prepare_sequential_quiz(): quiz_settings {



<         $quizobj = quiz::create($quiz->id, $this->student->id);



>         $quizobj = quiz_settings::create($quiz->id, $this->student->id);



<         $item = \grade_item::fetch(array('courseid' => $this->course->id, 'itemtype' => 'mod',
<             'itemmodule' => 'quiz', 'iteminstance' => $quiz->id, 'outcomeid' => null));



>         $item = \grade_item::fetch(['courseid' => $this->course->id, 'itemtype' => 'mod',
>             'itemmodule' => 'quiz', 'iteminstance' => $quiz->id, 'outcomeid' => null]);



<      * @param quiz $quizobj



>      * @param quiz_settings $quizobj



<      * @throws \moodle_exception



>      * @throws moodle_exception



<     private function create_quiz_attempt_object($quizobj, $userid = null, $ispreview = false) {



>     private function create_quiz_attempt_object(
>         quiz_settings $quizobj,
>         ?int $userid = null,
>         ?bool $ispreview = false
>     ): quiz_attempt {



>